主讲高中英语语法情态动词公开课课件

LearningaboutLanguage高中英语人教2003课标版theusageofmodalverbs辽宁省建平县实验中学耿冉情态动词用法归纳1情态动词无人称和数的变化；不能单独使用2必须与其后的动词原形构成谓语一情态动词的特点原形过去式词义同义词组canmaymusthavetoneedshalloughttowilldareshouldcould能够，可以，可能beabletomight可以，也许must(hadto)必须，一定have/hastohadto必须，不得不mustneeded需要应该oughttooughtto应该shouldwould愿意，总是，会dared敢于二情态动词的类型LiuXiangcanrunthe110mhurdleracewithin13seconds.can/could:1.can一般表示与生俱来的能力或者一种客观可能性,还可以表示请求和允许。LearningEnglish_____bedifficult.canMancannotlivewithoutair._______Iuseyourbike?Cancan/could:2.在疑问句中，用could可表示请求，语气较委婉。—____Ihavethetelevisionon?—Yes,you_____./No,you_____CouldHeasksifhe____smokehere.couldcan/maycan’t/I’mafraidnotcan/could:3.表示惊异、怀疑、不相信的态度。（主要用在否定句、疑问句或惊叹句中）He’ssuchanicepersonthathe______committhecrime.can’t你怎么会如此地粗心！Howcanyoubesocareless!Canthisbetrue?can/could:4.cannever/can’t……too/enough表示“无论怎样…也不过分”，“越…越好”。你过马路的时候再小心也不为过。Youcan’tbetoocarefulwhilecrossingtheroad.can/beableto区别:can表示与生俱来的能力或一种客观可能，而beableto更加强调通过后天的学习和努力获得的能力，或者在某个客观的场合和背景下，能做到的事情。can/beableto区别:1.AbigfirebrokeoutinABChotelyesterday.Luckily,everyone__________runoutofthebuilding.wasableto2.She_____speakbothEnglishandFrench.can1.must表示肯定的猜测，译为“一定”，不能用于否定句或疑问句。Thismustbeyourpen.Hemustbedoinghishomeworknow.Hemusthavearrivedalready.mustmust2.表示“坚持”（常用于固定句型：ifyoumustdosth.如果你非得要做某事）如果你真的要走，那就悄悄离开。Ifyoumustleave,doitquietly.—They___bedoingtheexperimentinthelab.—Why？—Becausethelightsarestillburning.A.couldB.canC.mustD.wouldmay/might:1.表示许可。表示请求、允许时，might比may的语气更委婉一些。—Might/MayIuseyourcomputer?—Yes,youcan./No,youcan’t/mustn’t.may/might:2.用于祈使句中表示祝愿。3.表示推测、可能（只用于肯定句，疑问句则要用can或could）。祝你成功！Mayyousucceed.Hemaybeverybusynow.Mayyoubehappyallyourlife.5.Makingrequests(提出要求):Canyouhelpmewithmytraining?Idon’tknowhowtousethisequipment!willcancouldwouldinformalformaladvisabilitynecessityoughtto/shouldhavetomustYourmotherbringsyouupandtakesgoodcareofyou,sowhensheisold,you___lookafterherinreturn.A.canB.mayC.havetoD.mustveryuncertainalmostcertainmightshouldmustmaycouldoughttowill1.He_____beathome.2.He_____beathome,forhejustcalledmefromhishome15secondsago.A.mayB.mightC.mustA.mayB.mightC.must(can)6.Makingsuggestions(提出建议):Shallwedothetraininginthemorning?It’stoohottotakeexerciseintheafternoon.shall:1.Shall用于第一、第三人称疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见、向对方请示或提供帮助。1.Shallwebeginourlesson?2.Whenshallhebeallowedtoleavehospital?3.ShallIcarrythisbagforyou?shall:2.Shall用于第二、第三人称，表示说话人给对方命令、警告、允诺或威胁。Youshallfailifyoudon‘tworkharder.Heshallbepunishedaccordingtotherule.等我读完这本书，就会给他的。HeshallhavethebookwhenIfinishit.警告威胁允诺8.Givingadvice(提出意见):Youshouldnot/oughtnottoeatsomuchbeforerunning.Howdelicious!!!should:1.Should表示劝告、建议、命令，其同义词是oughtto；在疑问句中，通常用should代替ought…to。ShouldIopenthewindow?我们应当要相互学习。Weshouldlearnfromeachother.should:2.情态动词should用于第一人称时可以表示说话人的一种谦逊、客气、委婉的语气。Rose—Sure.Bytheway,whoisyouridol?Jack—LiuXiang,Ishouldsay.3.should表示意外或惊讶常译为“居然，竟然”。Ican’tbelievesuchagentlemanshouldbesorudetotheold.我不敢相信这样一个绅士居然对老人如此无礼。should:4.should表示猜测时，一般指按经验或逻辑判断，翻译成“照说应该，估计，想必”should:•---WhencanIcomeforthephotos?Ineedthemtomorrowafternoon.---They_____bereadyby12:00.A.canB.shouldC.mightD.need7.Makingoffers(提供帮助):Don’tworry,dear,Iwillwashthemrightaway.Mom,mydirtyclotheshavebeenpiledup!Idon’thavetime……will/would:1.表示请求、建议等，would比will委婉客气。sentencepatternWouldyouplease…Wouldyoumind…Wouldrather…Wouldyoulike…will/would:2.表示意志、愿望和决心。Iwillneverdothatagain.will/would:3.可表示经常性、习惯性、倾向性。翻译为“经常、惯于、总是”。1).Theoldman_______haveasmokeunderabigtreeeveryafternoonafterhefinishedhisfarmwork.would2).门就是打不开!Thedoorwon’topen.will/would:Iwillgototheparkwithyoutomorrowifyouwilloffermelunch.Question:Isthissentencecorrect?Why?情态动词表示“意愿”would和usedto的比较•1、would主要表示过去一段时间内的某种习惯，常与表示过去的时间状语连用，意为“总要，总是”•usedto主要表示过去存在但是现在已不再存在的习惯，意为“过去常常”。•OnSundayshe_______gotocallontheoldmanwhenhewasyoung.•I_______getuplate,butnowIhavegotusedtogettingupveryearly.•XiaoLi________beamodelworker.Heisnowauniversitystudent.wouldusedtousedtoReviewtheusageofmodalverbsandfinishtheexercisepaper•can/may/must/need问句的回答方式Can/Couldyoudosth.Yes,I/we/can/couldNo,Iwecan’t/couldn’tMayIdosth.?Yes,No,youMustI/wedosth.?Yes,NoyouNeedIdosth.?Yes,No,you疑问句式肯定句式否定答式youmay.youcanmustn’t/maynot.can’tyoumustneedn’t/don’thaveto.youmust.needn’t/don’thaveto.五.表示否定的情态动词的用法:部分情态动词的否定式是情态动词中的考点之一。mustn’t不准,禁止needn’t没必要(=don’thaveto)can’t不能;不可能maynot不可以;可能不shouldn’t不应该(=oughtnotto)7.You______returnthebooknow.Youcankeepittillnextweekifyoulike.A.can’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.maynot8.Johnny,you______playwiththeknife,you______hurtyourself.A.won’t;can’tB.mustn’t;mayC.shouldn’t;mustD.can’t;shouldn’tCB9.--Willyoustayforlunch?--Sorry,_____.Mybrotheriscomingtoseeme.A.Imustn’tB.Ican’tC.Ineedn’tD.Iwon’t10.--MayIpickaflowerinthegarden?--________.A.No,youneedn’tB.Not,please.C.No,youmustn’tD.No,youwon’tBC表示推测——情态动词的重要用法.肯定的推测可能的推测否定的推测疑问的推测must/should对将来/现在对正在对过去情态动词may,mightcan’t,couldn’tcan,could+V.+V.+havedonemustbe+bedoing+V.+V.+havedone+bedoing+V.+V.+havedone+bedoing+V.+V.+havedone+bedoing三.“情态动词+havedone”的用法（1）musthavedone对过去某事的十分肯定猜测（2）may/mighthavedone对过去某事的可能性猜测（3）can’t/couldn’thavedone对过