主语从句 和表语从句

HighlightsofMySeniorYear学习目标：1.掌握主语及表语从句的基本概念；2.能从句中找出主语及表语从句，并翻译句子；3.能够概括出主语及表语从句的引导词；4.学会根据句意选择恰当的引导词。RevisionFindthesubjectsandpredictivesinthesentences.1.Atreehasfallenacrosstheroad.2.Youareastudent.3.Tofindyourwaycanbeaproblem.4.Smokingisharmfultoyou.5.Whatshesaidisnotyetknown.6.Thatweshallbelateiscertain.7.It’scertainthatweshallbelate.主语从句在句中充当主语的从句叫做主语从句。表语从句在句中充当表语的从句叫做表语从句。Whyhedidthatwasn’tquiteclear.Howthishappenedisnotclear.Whereshehasgoneisnotknownyet.Whentheywillstartisnotknownyet.Whichteamwillwinthematchisstillunknown.Whowillgomakesnodifference.WhatI’mlookingforisarealsuccess.Whethershewillcomeornotisstillaquestion.Thatshewasabletocomemadeusveryhappy.Whoeverbreaksthelawshouldbepunished.WhyHowWhereWhenWhichWhoWhatWhetherThatWhoeverSubjectClausesSubjectclausesbeginwiththat,whether,who,what,which,when,where,how,why,whoever,whichever,etc.SubjectClauses1.Whatyouleftareonlyseveraloldbooks.2.Whatyousaidisofgreatimportance.3.Whetherhe’llcomehereisnotclear.1.“if”不能引导主语从句，应由“whether”引导。3.主语从句的“that”不做成分，一般不能省。4.“what”引导主语从句时，谓语动词：1）常与其后的名词作表语一致2）根据句子的语境而定。4.主语从句需注意的问题2.主语从句中用陈述语序。注意：1._____youdon’tlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.2._____hesaidatthemeetingastonishedeverybodypresent3.________the2020OlympicGameswillbeheldinBeijingisnotknownyet.4.________we’llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.5.________leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.ThatWhatWhetherWhetherWhoever以it作形式主语，把主语从句后置的常用句型有：1.It+be+形容词+that从句Itis/wascertainthat–clauseclearimportantnecessaryprobablepossible主语从句当主语从句较长时，多放在句子后部，用it作形式主语。（1）Itiscertainthatshewilldowellinherexam.主语从句（2）Itisprobablethathetoldmeeverything.(3)Itisclearthathecanwinthegame.(4)Itisnecessarythatweshouldfinishtheworkontime.2.It+be+名词词组+that从句Itis/wasapitythat–clauseshameduty(1)Itisapitythatwecan’tgo.(2)Itisashamethatourteamdidn’twonthegame.主语从句3.It+be+过去分词+that从句Itissaidthat–clausereportedthoughthopedbelievedknown主语从句(1)Itissaidthatheisthebeststudentintheclass.(2)ItisthoughtthatJoedrivesbadly.(3)ItisbelievedthatIcangotouniversity.(4)ItisknownthatChinaisastrongcountry.主语从句Mybeliefisthathe’sgotahealthproblem.Thereasonwhyhedidn’tcomewasthathewasill.Myproblemiswhetherwecanfinishitintime.Helookedasifhewasgoingtocry.Thequestioniswhocancompletethedifficulttask.That’sjustwhatweexpected.Theproblemishowwecanfindsuchstuff.PredicativeClausesPredicativeClausesPredicativeclausesbeginwiththat,whether,asif,who,what,which,whose,when,where,how,why,etc.注意：2.表语从句的“that”一般不能省。表语从句需注意的问题1.表语从句中用陈述语序。1._____heislivingnowisnotknowntoanybody.A.WhenB.IfC.WhetherD.What2.____thescientistwhogaveusatalkwillgoabroad.A.ItsaidthatB.ItsayswhenC.ItissaidthatD.Heissaid3.___Ican’tunderstandis___hechangedhismind.A.That;thatB.What;whyC.Which;howD.That;why4.____iswellknown____muchprogresshasbeenmadeinChinainthepasttwentyyears.A.What;whatB.It;thatC.It;whatD.That;that1.____mattersmostinlearningEnglishisenoughpractice.(2007全国II)A.WhatB.WhyC.WhereD.Which2.______hereferredtoinhisarticlewasunknowntothegeneralreader.(2007上海)A.ThatB.WhatC.WhetherD.Where3.Thetraditionalviewis______wesleepbecauseourbrainis“programmed”tomakeusdoso.(2007上海)A.whenB.whyC.whetherD.that4.Ithasbeenproved____eatingvegetablesinchildhoodhelpstoprotectyouagainstseriousillnessinlaterlife.(上海卷)A.ifB.becauseC.whenD.that