What 引导的宾语从句

1〖15山东〗Theshopkeeperdidnotwanttosellforhethoughtwasnotenough.A.whereB.howC.whatD.which〖答案〗〖考点〗本题考查了引导名词性从句的连词的用法。〖解析〗四个选项中只有what和which可以在从句中充当主语,而which在名词从句中意为“哪一个”,因此在本题中意思不对,故选择。句意为：店主不想以在他看来不足够高的价钱来卖东西。2〖13山东〗Beforethesalesstart,Imakealistof______mykidswillneedforthecomingseason.A.whyB.whatC.howD.which〖答案〗〖考点〗本题考查宾语从句的引导词。〖解析〗句意应为“在大甩卖开始前,我把孩子们在下个季节里要用到的东西列了一个清单。”分析句式结构可知,空格处在句中引导宾语从句且在从句中充当need的宾语,所以B项结构正确。which引导名词性从句时多表示疑问且要有一个明确的范围。3〖16山东〗Ijustwonder-----------thatmakeshimsoexcited.AwhyitdoesBwhathedoesChowitisDwhatitis〖答案〗〖考点〗宾语从句和强调句型特殊句式〖解析〗句意为：我只是想知道究竟是什么使他如此兴奋。去掉强调结构后句子变为whatmakeshimsoexcited。What引导宾语从句并在宾语从句中做主语。4〖17山东〗Enginesaretomachines------heartsaretoanimals.AwhereBthatCwhatDwhich〖答案〗〖考点〗固定句式AistoBwhatCistoD〖解析〗句意为：发动机对于机器就如心脏对于动物。Recite1Ilivedinwhatyoucall“AncientGreece”.2Hiseyesstareatwhatisleftofthebrothers’dinneronthetable.3YuanLongpinggrowswhatiscalledsuperhybridrice.4Inpairsdiscusswhatyouknowabouthim.5Mayweaskwhatyou’redoinginthiscountryandwhatyourplansare.6Whydon’tyouexplainwhatthisisallabout?7Predictwhatthereadingwillbeabout.8Whatdoyouthinkyoumightseethere.（疑问词+插入语+…陈述语序）9IrealizedthatIhadbeentransportedintothefutureofwhatstillmyhometown.10However,IlostsightofWangPingwhenwereachedwhatlookedlikealargemarketbecauseoftwomanycarriagesflyingbyinalldirections.reason在定语从句中•Thereasonwhy...isthat...这是特定句型,why引导定语从句,is后的用词为that,一般不用because.•Thereasonwhyhecouldnotgotherewasthathisgradesweretoolow.•thereasonthat后接具体原因•如:thereasonthathewasillyesterdayissuchabadexcuse.意为:那个他昨天生病的理由真是个糟糕的借口.•thereasonwhy后接对这个理由的修饰,或者是现在需要解释的一个状况.如:thereasonwhyhewaslateisthathewasill.在这里,hewaslate是一个需要解释的情况,所以用thereasonwhy,这里,用到一个句型:thereasonwhy...isthat...,依照上面示例可知用法.•当在定语从句中时，如果reason在句子中充当成分如：主语.宾语或者表语时，用which/that•如：Thereasonwhich/thathegavetousistrue.此时which指代的先行词reason在定语从句中做gave的宾语，因此可以用which/that•如::Idon`tbelievethereason()hehasgivenusforhisbeinglate.•此时先行词reason在定语从句中做given的宾语，因此可以用which/that•thereason后的定语从句，若需在定语从句中作状语，用why,forwhich,that引导或者省略不用；若不是在定语从句中作状语，而是作主语或宾语，就不能用why和forwhich，而应用that或which，作宾语时常省略•如:Thatwasn’tthereason(why/forwhich/that)heliedtoyou.那不是他对你撒谎的原因。•练习Isthisthereasonatthemeetingforhiscarelessnessinhiswork?•AheexplainedBwhatheexplainedChowheexplainedDwhyheexplained•答案A先行词thereason表示原因，根据选项特点可知，引导词在从句中做explained的宾语，故reason后是限制性定语从句而不是原因状语从句应用that或which引导，此处可省略•reason在表语从句中•Thereason(s)作主语时，后可引导表语从句，用that引导，一般不用beacuse•如：Thereasonisthathemissedthebus.原因是他误了汽车。•练习1：Thereasonwhyhewaslatewas______hehadabadaccidentonthewaytoschool.•AforBbecauseCthatDsince•2：ThereasonIhavetogois_____ifIdon't.•A.thatshewillbedisappointed•B.becauseshewillbedisappointed•C.onaccountofherbeingdisappointed•D.thatshewillbedisappointing•解答：本题应该选C.that引导的是表语从句。在汉语中我们说：原因是因为...；但是在英语中则只能说：原因是...。所以选C不选B.that此时没有词义•解答：A当主语是reason时，表语从句要用that引导而不是because•reason在状语从句中•当是在原因状语从句中时,先行词reason不在从句中做任何成分时，通常可以用why来引导•如:Iknowthereasonwhyshewaslate.•（why引导的是原因状语从句，reason在后面的从句中不做任何成分）•reason在同位语从句中•reason后引导同位语从句，用that引导•如：Idon’tbelievehisreasonthathemissedthebus.我不相信他误了汽车这个原因•练习Thereason___________motherwaslatewithdinneristhatthereweresomanydishestoprepare.•A)whyB)where•C)whoD)because•答案：A母亲晚饭做得晚的原因是她要做的菜实在很多。本题测试同位语从句的用法：reason后的同位语从句要用why引导。若reason后接定语从句，则可以用that,which引导，或省略引导词表语从句的构成主语+系动词+引导词+简单句Thisiswhyhedidit.表语从句放在连系动词之后，充当复合句中的表语。WhatIwanttosayisthatIamtiredbecausebecause引导表语从句通常只用于“This/That/Itisbecause…”结构中。Myangerisbecauseyouhaven’twrittentomeforalongtime.你为什么不来出席座谈会？是病了么？Whywereyouabsentfromtheforum?Wasitbecauseyouwereill?that,why与because引导表语从句时的区别•虽然三者均可引导表语从句，但that没有词义，而why和because有自己的意思；另外，虽然why和because都可引导表语从句，但前者强调结果，后者强调原因。如：•Thereasonwasthatyoudon’ttrusther.原因是你不信任她。•Thefactisthattheyareangrywitheachother.事实是他们生彼此的气。•Hewasill.That’swhyhewassenttothehospital.他病了，所以被送到医院来。•Hewassenttothehospital.That’sbecausehewasill.他被送到医院，是因为他生病了。填空:Thereasonwhywedidn'ttrusthimis______hehasoftenlied．reason做主语时，表语从句只能用that引导,不能用why引导。句型结构为：Thereason(why…/for…)is/wasthat….Thereasonisthat……thatThereasonwhyhewaslatewasthathemissedthetrainbyoneminutethismorning（当主语是reason时，表语从句要用that引导而不是because）他早上来晚的原因是他晚了一分钟而没赶上火车。注意：•主语为reason时，表语从句连接词用that,但以it,this,that开头做主语的句子，则可用because。Thereasonforhisbeinglatewasthathemissedtheearlybus.Shewaslatethismorning.Thatwasbecauseshemissedtheearlybus.*Thereason____hewaslatewasthathemissedtheearlybus.why例题2：Thereasonwhyhefailedis________hewastoocareless.A.becauseB.thatC.forD.becauseof注意点2：主句主语为reason,只能用that引导表语从句，不可用because.where,when,why,how引导的表语从句连接副词where,when,why,how除在句中起连接作用外，在从句中还充当时间、地点、方式、原因状语，本身具有词义。e.g.That’swhereIcan’tagreewithyou.ThisiswhySarawaslateforthemeeting.Thisishowtheyovercomethedifficulties.MystrongestmemoryiswhenIattendedanAmericanwedding.问题在于如何使古为今用，如何使洋为中用。那时我在管伙食。根本问题就在这里。他不应该被贪污论罪，道理就在这里。ThequestionishowthepastismadetoservethepresentandforeignthingsaremadetoserveChina.ThatwaswhenIwasinchargeofmess.Thisiswherethebasiclies.Itwaswhyheshouldnotbefoundofcorruption.表语从句的常用句型：•名词主语＋be＋that从句ThefactisthatIwasinthegardenwhentherobberyhappened.作主语的名词通常有表示事实、真理的名词fact,truth或表示看法观点的