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专题二单项填空(复合句和并列句)疑难档案……………………………………………(3)考点预测…………………………………………(23)返回目录疑难档案1.先行词为all时,其后要用that引导的定语从句,不可用what引导的从句。Whenherfathercameback,shetoldhimallthathadhappened.句中thathadhappened为定语从句修饰all,而what只能引导名词性从句,不能引导定语从句,所以上面的句子不可说成“shetoldhimallwhathadhappened”,但可以说“shetoldhimwhathadhappened”,这时“whathadhappened”为宾语从句作动词told的宾语。2.先行词为way时,定语从句不可用how引导。可有下面三种形式:复合句和并列句返回目录疑难档案复合句和并列句Idon’tlikethewayinwhichyoulaughather.Idon’tlikethewaythatyoulaughather.(用that替代inwhich)Idon’tlikethewayyoulaughather.(可省略that)3.先行词为time和reason时,定语从句也可用that替代when和why,that也可省略。Thisisthetimewhen/thathearrives.(或:Thisisthetimehearrives.Thatisthereasonwhy/thathecame.(或:Thatisthereasonhecame.)返回目录疑难档案复合句和并列句4.在such…as(像……那样的)和thesame…as(和……一样的)这类表达中,as是作为关系代词引导一个定语从句,在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语。Donottrustsuchmenaspraiseyoutoyourface.不要信任当面讲你好话的那种人。(as代替suchmen,在定语从句中作主语)Donotreadsuchbooksasyoucannotunderstand.不要读你看不懂的书。(as代替suchbooks,在定语从句中作understand的宾语)Wearefacingthesameproblemaswedidyearsago.我们面临着和数年前同样的问题。(as代替thesameproblem,在定语从句中作代动词did的宾语)返回目录疑难档案复合句和并列句5.关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,应注意关系代词所代替的先行词是单数还是复数形式,以便确定定语从句的谓语是用单数还是复数形式。Heisasuccessfulmanagerinacompanythatsendsmailallovertheworld.ThelessonwecanlearnfromChuckandalltheotherswhohaveunusualfriendsisthatfriendsareteachers.6.as可作关系代词引导非限制性定语从句,as代替前面整个句子的内容。Hemarriedher,aswasnatural.返回目录疑难档案复合句和并列句上句中的as代替“Hemarriedher”这一内容,这时也可用which,但as引导的这种非限制性定语从句还可以前置和中置,而which引导的非限制性定语从句则不能。如:Aswasnatural,hemarriedher.(as引导的非限制性定语从句前置,as代替“hemarriedher”)Themeeting,asoftenhappens,becameverynoisy.会议非常吵闹,这种事常常发生。(as引导的非限制性定语从句中置,as代替“Themeetingbecameverynoisy”)7.注意非限制性定语从句前不可加引导并列句的并列连词,如and,but等。返回目录疑难档案复合句和并列句Theweatherwasverygood,whichwehadn’texpected.(不可说“…andwhichwehadn’texpected”)8.注意不可用引导名词性从句的what来引导非限制性定语从句。Sheilacouldn’tcometotheparty,whichwasapity.(不可说“...whatwasapity”)9.“介词+关系代词”选用这种结构中的介词,其标准是这个介词在从句中能与后面的某部分(主要是动词)以及前面的先行词之间构成一种合理的、完整的搭配关系。应特别注意关系代词是替代前面的先行词。如:返回目录疑难档案复合句和并列句1)ThisisthehouseinwhichIwasborn.其搭配关系为:Iwasborninwhich(which即thehouse)2)HeistheboywithwhomIwenttoschool.其搭配关系为:Iwenttoschoolwithwhom(whom即theboy)3)TheoldOlympicGamesfromwhichthemoderngamescamebeganaroundtheyear776.其搭配关系为:themoderngamescamefromwhich(which即theoldOlympicGames)4)InBarcelonatheChineseteamgot16goldmedals,ofwhich12werewonbywomen.返回目录疑难档案复合句和并列句其搭配关系为:12ofwhichwerewonbywomen(which即the16goldmedals)10.关系代词whose也可用于“介词+关系代词”这一结构中。Mr.Green,withwhosesonIwork,calledatmyhouselastnight.格林先生昨晚拜访了我家,我和他儿子在一起工作。注意:上句不可用人称代词所有格或名词所有格来取代whose。11.在非限制性定语从句中,基数词,以及一些表示数量的不定代词,如most,all,both,each,none,several,some,few,many等,可与ofwhich(指物),ofwhom(指人)连用。介词of返回目录疑难档案复合句和并列句表范围。注意这种非限制性定语从句前不可加并列连词and。Wehavelearnedfivelessons,noneofwhichisdifficult.我们已经学了五课课文,其中没有难的。Ourdepartmenthas90teachers,15ofwhomareprofessors.我们系有90名教师,其中15名是教授。此外,形容词最高级以及名词也可与“ofwhich/ofwhom”连用。如:Shetakescareoftenchildren,theyoungestofwhomisonlythreeyearsold.她照看10个孩子,其中最小的只有3岁。Weliveinalargeroom,thewindowsofwhich(=whosewindows)返回目录疑难档案复合句和并列句facesouth.我们住在一间大房间里,房间的窗户朝南。12.where可作介词from的宾语来引导非限制性定语从句。Wewentuptotheroof,fromwherewehadagoodviewoftheprocession.我们爬到屋顶上,从那里看游行很清楚。13.It1)一些可带形容词或名词作宾补的动词,如find,think,make等,可用于此句型。如:Ithinkitimportantthatweshouldkeepcalm.返回目录疑难档案复合句和并列句我认为我们保持冷静是很重要的。2)Weoweittoyouthattherewasn’taseriousaccident.全靠你才没发生严重的事故。Shetookitforgrantedthathersonwouldstudymedicine.她想当然以为她的儿子会学医。14.动词doubt后的宾语从句的连词:1)在否定句和疑问句中用that。Canyoudoubtthathewillwin?你能怀疑他会赢吗?Idon’tdoubtthatyouarehonest.我并不怀疑你的诚实。返回目录疑难档案复合句和并列句2)在肯定句中可用whether,if或that。Idoubtwhether/if/thathewillcome.我怀疑他是否会来。15.连接代词what1)Doyouknowwhatheisworriedabout?你知道他担心什么吗?2)含有感叹意义(修饰名词)Theystolewhatlittlemoneywehad.他们偷走了我们仅有的一点点钱。3)表示“所……的”WhatIenjoymostisswimming.我最喜欢的是游泳。返回目录疑难档案复合句和并列句what表此类意思时常在从句中作宾语(如上句),但也可作主语和表语,应掌握好此用法。GeorgeWashingtonwasborninarichfamilyinwhatisnowthestateofVirginia.乔治·华盛顿出生于现为弗吉尼亚州的一个富裕家庭里。(what在宾语从句中作主语)Thecityisdifferentfromwhatitwastenyearsago.这座城市与十年前不一样了。(what在宾语从句中作表语)16.连接代词whatever,whoever,whichever这些合成词具有强调作用,whatever相当于anythingthat;whoever相当于anyonewho;whichever表示“(某特定范围中的)随返回目录疑难档案复合句和并列句便哪个,无论哪个”。Whoevertoldyouthatwaslying.不管这话是谁对你说的,他都是在撒谎。(Whoevertoldyou相当于Anyonewhotoldyou)Whateveryouwantisfinewithme.无论你要什么我都没意见。(Whateveryouwant相当于Anythingyouwant)17.一些词,如immediately,directly以及themoment,theminute,theinstant也可引导一个时间状语从句,相当于assoonas的意思。Ididn’twaitamoment,butcameimmediatelyyoucalled.我一刻也没等待,你电话一到我就来了。返回目录疑难档案复合句和并列句We’llleavetheminuteyou’reready.你准备好了我们就走。18.一些含有time的名词短语,如everytime,eachtime,nexttime,bythetime等,以及theday,theyear,themorning等,也可引导一个时间状语从句。Nexttimeyoucome,pleasebringyourcomposition.你下次来,请把你的作文带来。HeleftEuropetheyearWorldWarIIbrokeout.他是在二战爆发那年离开欧洲的。19.whilewhile也可引导让步状语从句,意义上相当于although,但只能位于返回目录疑难档案复合句和并列句句首。WhileIunderstandyourpointofview,Idonotshareit.我虽了解你的观点,但不敢苟同。20.asas也可导让步状语从句,意义上相当于although,但须将从句中的某部分置于句首:1)表语(形容词、分词、名词)+as+主语+连系动词OldasIam,Icanstillfight.(=AlthoughIamold,…)我虽老,但仍能战斗。Childashewas,heknewwhatwastherightthingtodo.返回目录疑难档案(=Althoughhewasachild,…)尽管他还是个孩子,他懂得该做什么。注意:as引导的这种让步状语从句中作表语的名词前置时,该名词前不用冠词,如不说Achildashewas,…2)状语(副词)+as+
本文标题:09高考英语二轮复习讲练与预测专题4
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