59收音机论文

中国质地大学长城学院2014届结课设计中国地质大学长城学院模拟电子技术课程设计题目:BS208HAF调频调幅收音机的组装与调试系别工程技术学院学生姓名楠哥专业电气工程及其自动化学号04314XXXX指导教师XX职称讲师2016年12月9日中国质地大学长城学院2014届结课设计摘要20世纪，电信技术大袋了极大的发展。收音机，由机械器件、电子器件、磁铁等构造而成，用电能将电波信号转换并能收听广播电台发射音频信号的一种机器。又名无线电、广播等。温度在工业生产和日常生活中一直是常用的被控参数，随着科技的不断进步，采用单片机对被控参数进行控制已成为当今的主流。广播节目的传播方式不同于用导线传送的有线广播，它是利用一种无形的无线电波，将广播电台播出的节目传送到收音机中，这种广播就是无线电广播。通过这次实训可以让我们更进一步巩固所学的基本理论和基本技能，培养运用仪器仪表检测元件的能力以及焊接、布局、安装、调试电子线路的能力，培养及锻炼我们测试排查实际电子线路中故障的能力，加强对电子工艺流程的理解熟悉。关键词：收音机；原理及其制作；焊接；BS208HAF中国质地大学长城学院2014届结课设计目录1.绪论·················································································42.课程设计内容·········································································52.1设计题目············································································52.2设计目的············································································52.3设计要求············································································52.4主要元器件··········································································52.5主要工具、器材······································································63.收音机的原理及PCB板电路图····························································63.1电路原理图··········································································63.2ProtelDXP电路图·····································································73.3收音机的工作原理·····································································84.调频调幅式收音机的设计·······························································94.1主要元件识别及功能描述······························································94.1.1电阻···············································································94.1.2电解电容···········································································94.1.3瓷片电容·········································································104.1.4中周·············································································104.1.5三极管···········································································114.1.6变压器···········································································114.1.7磁棒及线圈·······································································114.1.8扬声器···········································································124.1.9印刷电路板·······································································124.2设计过程描述·······································································124.2.1元器件准备·······································································124.2.2插件焊接·········································································135.故障排除以及调试····································································145.1检查电路···········································································145.2收音机的调试·······································································15总结··················································································16致谢··················································································17参考文献···············································································18中国质地大学长城学院2014届结课设计第4页/共18页模拟电子课程设计1.绪论收音机的安装、焊接及调试,让我们了解电子产品的装配过程;掌握电子元器件的识别及质量检验;学习整机的装配工艺;培养动手能力及严谨的工作作风。天线收到电磁波信号，经过调谐器选频后，选出要接收的电台信号。同时，在收音机中，有一个本地振荡器，产生一个跟接收频率差不多的本振信号，它跟接收信号混频，产生差频，这个差频就是中频信号。中频信号再经过中频选频放大，然后再检波，就得到了原来的音频信号。音频信号通过功率放大之后，就可送至扬声器发声了。天线接收到的高频信号通过输入电路与收音机的本机振荡频率（其频率较外来高频信号高一个固定中频，我国中频标准规定为465KHZ）一起送入变频管内混合——变频，在变频级的负载回路（选频）产生一个新频率即通过差频产生的中频，中频只改变了载波的频率，原来的音频包络线并没有改变，中频信号可以更好地得到放大，中频信号经检波并滤除高频信号。再经低放，功率放大后，推动扬声经过电工电子实习，首先我们学会了基本的焊接技术，其次让我们懂的了收音机的检测与调试，知道了电子产品的装配过程，我们还学会了电子元器件的识别及质量检验，知道了整机的装配工艺，这些都我们的培养动手能力及严谨的工作作风，也为我们以后的工作打下了良好的基础最基本一点：以前学习《模拟电子技术》课时，总觉得老师讲的太抽象，通过这次学习，又重新明白了很多东西。而且这在我们以后的专业课学习中应该也是很有用的，就我们自己的专业来言我们也是要系统学习电力电子技术、自动检测技术及信号与系统方面的知识，而这次我们在收音机的安装及调试过程中我们都用到了。总的来说，在实际操作过程中，一定要认真的冷静的去检查分析错误，才能尽可能地排除自身操作问题。中国质地大学长城学院2014届结课设计第5页/共18页2.课程设计内容2.1设计题目BS208HAF调频调幅收音机的组装与调试。2.2设计目的（1）掌握电子线路的基本原理、基本方法。（2）掌握通过电路图安装与调试技术。（3）通过具体的电路图，初步掌握简单电路元件装配、初步的焊接技术及对故障的诊断和排除。（4）根据课程要求，查阅相关资料。（5）对收音机原理和直流稳压电源原理有初步的了解。（6）本次课程设计的目的主要是熟悉各个元器件的型号特点和焊接要领，基本掌握电路设计的基本思路和方法，培养焊接的观察能力、组织能力和细腻的心思，掌握接收系统调试等。2.3设计要求课程设计的要求是分析调频接收系统各功能模块的工作原理，了解调频调幅式收音机的工作原理和内部结构，熟练掌握调频调幅式收音机，提出系统的设计方案，对所设计电路进行调试。在此基础上可进行创新设计，如改善电路性能。培养分析问题、发现问题和解决问题的能力并掌握电路设计的基本思路和方法。2.4主要元器件表1电路元器件列表元器件类型型号数量电阻100Ω、430Ω*、5.1k、13k、100k*、5k电位器各1只电阻560Ω、56k*各2只电容103、271、100μF、470μF、223P双联各1只电容473、2只电容1μF3只中国质地大学长城学院2014届结课设计第6页/共18页电容2234只半导体9018F、9014D各1只半导体1N4148、9018H、8050D各2只电感天线线圈、磁棒、喇叭1只电感变压器一套2只电感中周一套3只导线11cm、14cm各1根导线7cm2根螺丝3*30、1.7*4、2.5*8各1只螺丝2.5*32只其他配件线路板一块其他配件磁棒支架、正极片、负极簧各1只外壳中框、后盖、电池盖、音量轮、调谐轮各一个外壳调谐纸贴1张外壳手提带1根2.5主要工具、器材（1）电烙铁一个：由于焊接的元件多，所以使用的是外热式电烙铁，功率为30w，烙铁头是铜制。（2）十字改锥、螺丝刀、镊子等必备工具。（3）万用表一部。（4）焊锡半米：由于锡的熔点低，焊接时，焊锡能迅速散步在金属表面焊接牢固，焊点光亮美观。（5）两节7号电池。（6）半导体收音机完整组件。（7）电路图、元件清单。3.收音机的原理及PCB板电路图3.1电路原理图中国质地大学长城学院2014届结课设计第7页/共18页3.2ProtelDXP电路图使用DXP2004根据电路图画出在软件上画出电路，没有的器件进行补画，再对器件进行封装，之后用器件制成电路板，布好线制作出PCB板.EIN41484148DC1.5V223C1C14473C5C10C81UFC11C13C12R15605.1KR356KR756KR613KR5100R4430R8103C25KPOWER100KR2473UFC7R9560100uF