12同位语从句

同位语从句同位语从句1.概念:在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。2.功能:同位语从句对名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容。3.用法:常跟的抽象名词有:fact/idea/reason/thought/order/doubt/news/hope/truth/belief…4.连词that/whether/who/which/what/when/where/why/how同位语从句与定语从句区别:1.从词类上区别同位语从句前面的名词只能是idea,fact,news,hope,belief,suggestion,proposal,word,thought,doubt,truth,possibility,promise,order等有一定内涵的名词，而定语从句的先行词可以是名词,代词,主句的一部分或是整个主句。Hetoldmethenewsthathewouldcomehomefromaboardsoon.Wordcamethathehadbeenabroad.据说他已经出国了。Ourteamhaswonthegame,whichmadeusveryhappy.我们的队赢了,这让我们很高兴。(定语从句)(同位语从句)2.从性质上区别定语从句是从句对其先行词的修饰或限制,属于形容词性从句的范畴;而同位语从句是从句对前面抽象名词的进一步的说明和解释,属于名词性从句的范畴，如:Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthegamewastrue.我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的。(同位语从句,补充说明news到底是一个什么消息)Thenewsthathetoldmeyesterdaywastrue.昨天他告诉我的那个消息是真的。(定语从句,news在从句中作told的宾语)3.从引导词及其在句子中的成分上区别有些引导词如how,whether,what可以引导同位语从句,但不能引导定语从句。如:Thatquestionwhetherweneedithasnotbeenconsidered.我们是否需要它这个问题还没有考虑。(同位语从句)引导词that引导定语从句时,在从句中一般作主语或宾语(指物时还可以用which代替),并且作宾语时常常省略，that在同位语从句中仅起连接作用,不充当任何成分,并且不能省略,也不能用which来代替，如:Theorderthatweshouldsendafewpeopletohelptheothergroupswasreceivedyesterday.我们应派几个人去帮别的几个小组的命令昨天收到了。(同位语从句,是对order的具体解释,that虽不作成分,但不能省略)Theorderthatwereceivedyesterdaywasthatweshouldsendafewpeopletohelptheothergroups.我们昨天收到的命令是我们应该派几个人去帮助别的几个小组。(定语从句,是名词order的修饰语,that在从句中作received的宾语,可以省略)1.Wewereexcitedatthenews.Ourfootballteamhadwonathirdmatch.2.Theyhavemadeanewplan.Anotherexperimentbuildingwillbeputupbesidethelibrary.I.合并成一句:Wewereexcitedatthenewsthatourfootballteamhadwonathirdmatch.Theyhavemadeanewplanthatanotherexperimentbuildingwillbeputupbesidethelibrary.3.Theyhadthequestion.Couldhepassthefinalexam?4.Whodidthedamagedcomputerbelongto?Noonehadanyidea.Theyhadthequestionwhetherhecouldpassthefinalexam.Noonehadanyideawhothedamagedcomputerbelongedto.5.Theproblemhasbeensolved.Whyweresomanyareasfloodedduringtheheavystorm?Theproblemwhysomanyareaswerefloodedduringtheheavystormhasbeensolved.II.判断下列哪些含有同位语从句，哪些含有定语从句。①Thenewsthatwehadsuccessfullysentupanothercommunicationsatellitespreadthroughouttheworld.②That’sthebestpieceofnewsI’veheard.同定③Isthereanyhopethathewillbehomeat7?④I’venohopethatmyparentshavebeenexpectingtome.同定⑤Thepossibilitythatyoureferredtodoesn’texistatall.⑥ThereisastrongpossibilitythatwemaybeinFranceforthenextweek.同定I.在空格处填上适当的词，使下列定语从句和同位语从句完整。1.Thisisthemountainvillage_____Istayedlastyear.2.I’llneverforgetthedays_____Iworkedtogetherwithyou.3.Pleasepassmethebook_____coverisgreen.wherewhenwhose4.Isthisthereason____herefusedouroffer?5.Thepersonto_____youspokeisafamousactor.6.Shesatonthecornerofthetablenearthedoorby_____herhusbandalwaysentered.7.Thewhitefloweristheonlyone____Ireallylike.whywhomwhichthat8.Thenewswasveryexciting___ourclasshadwonthefootballmatch.9.Theyarefamiliarwiththeopinion____allmatterconsistsofatoms.10.Thequestion___________________weshallhaveameetinghasn’tbeendecided.11.Theytoldthepolicemanthefact___theyhadnothingtodowiththemurder.thatthatwhere/when/whetherthat12.Allagreedtohissuggestion___abridgeacrosstheriverbebuilt.13.Thequestion____shoulddotheworkrequiresconsideration.14.Thisisouronlyrequest___this(should)besettledassoonaspossible.15.Wordcame___ourChinesewomenteamhadbeatenJapanese.thatwhothatthat1.我不知道怎样到达火车站。IhavenoideahowIcangettotherailwaystation.2.我们队取得决赛胜利的消息令人鼓舞。Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthefinalmatchisencouraging.II.用同位语从句翻译下列句子。3.人们曾认为地球是宇宙的中心。Peopleusedtoholdtheopinionthattheearthwasthecenteroftheuniverse.4.没有人对他将成为他们的老板这一事实感到高兴。Nooneishappywiththefactthathewillbecometheirboss.5.我们何时开始工作的问题尚未决定。Thequestionwhenwewillstarttheworkisnotdecided．UsingstructuresonP71•1.HissuggestionthatweshouldtakethetrainfromwesttoeastacrossCanadasoundsveryexciting.•2.Theideathattheywouldclonethefirsthumanbeingsurprisedmanypeopleatthemeeting.•3.Hebroketherulethatnooneisallowedtosmokeonthecampus.•4.TheChinesebasketballfanswerewildwithjoywhentheyheardthenewsthatYaoMinghadcollectedfortypointsfortheHoustonRocketsinthegame.•5.Maryleftamessagewithmeforyouthatshewon’tbeabletoseeyouoffthisafternoon.•6.Thereisnodoubtthatheistherightpersonforthisjob.•7.IntheletterheexpressedthehopethathewouldcomeandvisitChinaagain.•8.Thecaptaingavetheorderthatallthesoldierhadtoreachthevillagebeforedawn.•9.Noteveryonepresentagreestohisthoughtthatitisimpossibletofinishtheworkbeforetheendofthismonth.