湖南省株洲市第四中学高一英语牛津译林版《M3U1-WORDPOWER》知识点讲解(1)

▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█▉▊▋▌精诚凝聚=^_^=成就梦想▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█▉▊▋▌▃▄▅▆▇██■▓点亮心灯~~~///(^v^)\\\~~~照亮人生▃▄▅▆▇██■▓[词条1]observe[课文原句]AsPollyobservedthepassengersonthetrain,shesensedthatshewasbeingwatchedbyatallmaninadarkcoat.(Page2,Lines14-15)[点拨]observe在这里作及物动词,意为观察。又如:Itisveryinterestingtoobserveachild’sbehavior.[拓展]observe还可以指注意到,观察到,后面一般跟名词、代词或从句,也可跟动名词或不定式的复合结构。例如:①Doyouobserveanythingstrangeinourbedroom?②Weobservedthatithadturnedcloudy.③Thethieveswereobservedenteringthebankandsooncaughtbythepolice.④Ididn’tobserveChriscomeinandgoupstairs.[词条2]sense[课文原句]AsPollyobservedthepassengersonthetrain,shesensedthatshewasbeingwatchedbyatallmaninadarkcoat.(Page2,Lines14-15)[点拨]sense在这里作及物动词,意为感觉到。又如:Hesensedthathewasnotpopularwiththesepeople.[拓展]▲sense常用作名词,意为感官,感觉。例如:①Hehasagoodsenseofsmellandalwaysknowswhathasbeencookedbeforeheentershome.②Asenseofhumorcanhelponetocommunicatewithothers.▲sense作名词时常用于下列词组:commonsense常识；inasense在某一方面,就某种意义来说；makesense有意义；有道理,讲得通；makesenseof理解,明白。例如:①Hehasnocommonsense;heevendoesn’tknowthatlighttravelsfasterthansound.②Inasense,sheisagoodstudentthoughshemakesmistakessometimes.③Yoursuggestiondoesn’tmakesense,Ithink.④Canyoumakesenseofwhathesaidjustnow?[词条3]beat[课文原句]Shecouldfeelherheartbeatingwithfear.(Page2,Line24)[点拨]beat在这里作不及物动词,意为(心脏)跳动。又如:Themanwastoldthathiswifewasalive,becauseherheartwasstillbeating.[拓展]▲beat作不及物动词还可以指打,敲(门窗等)。例如:Someoneisbeatingatthedoor.Goandseewhoitis.▲beat也可用作及物动词,表示赢,打败(某人)或(鸟的翅膀)拍,扑动。例如:①Iwon’tlettheproblembeatme;I’msureI’llfindasolutionsoon.②Thelittlebirdisbeatingitswingsrapidlyinordertoflyhigher.[词条1]insight[课文原句]Therewasnooneinsight.(Page2,Line20)[点拨]insight是介词短语,意为看得到,在视野之内。又如:▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█▉▊▋▌精诚凝聚=^_^=成就梦想▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█▉▊▋▌▃▄▅▆▇██■▓点亮心灯~~~///(^v^)\\\~~~照亮人生▃▄▅▆▇██■▓You’dbetterkeepyourchildinsightincaseheneedsyourhelp.[拓展]▲insight除了表示空间概念,还可表示(时间)临近,就在眼前。例如:Sundayisinsightandthechildrenareveryexcited.▲insight的反义词为outofsight,意为看不见,不在视野内的。例如:①Themanputallhismoneyoutofsightwhenheheardsomeoneknockingatthedoor.②Outofsight,outofmind.[词条2]befrozenwith[课文原句]Iwasfrozenwithfearforamoment.(Page5)[点拨]befrozenwith意为由于……而呆住。又如:Thewomanwasfrozenwithfearatthesightofasnake.[拓展]▲freeze作动词时,一般意为(使)僵住,呆住或(使)冻结,凝固等。例如:①Theyoungactorfrozeinfrontoftheaudienceafterherealizedthathehadmadeamistake.②Whenwaterfreezes,itbecomesice.③Smilesfrozeontheirfaceswhentheyfoundthatsomethinghadgonewrong.▲freezing作形容词,意为寒冷的；frozen相当于形容词,意为冻僵的,冷藏的。例如:①Itissofreezingoutsidetoday.Whynotstayathome?②Hedidn’ttakeacoatwithhimandwashalffrozenonsuchacoldday.名词性从句(一)在复合句中,有些从句的作用相当于名词,可以充当整个句子的主语、表语、宾语或同位语,因此分别称为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句或同位语从句,这些从句统称为名词性从句。名词性从句必须用陈述句语序。今天我们先来看看主语从句和表语从句。一、主语从句在复合句中充当主语的句子称为主语从句。从句作主语时,复合句的谓语动词要用单数。例如:①Thathewillsucceediscertain.②Whobrokethewindowhasnotbeenfoundout.注意:▲当主语从句是陈述句时,主语从句用that引导,且不能省略。例如:Thathewillbethemanagerofthecompanymakesthewholefamilyexcited.▲表示是否时,主语从句只能用whether引导,而不能用if。例如:Whetherhe’llcomeornotisnotveryimportant.▲主语从句中常用it作形式主语来代替真正的主语从句,以平衡句子结构,避免头重脚轻。在这种情况下,主语从句的连接词没有变化。但it不能代替由what引导的主语从句。例如:①Itisagreatpitythatyoudidn’tgotoAmericawithyourfatherlastyear.②Itdoesn’tmatterwhetheryoucomethiseveningortomorrowmorning.二、表语从句在复合句中充当表语的句子称为表语从句。它用来对主语进行解释、说明,使主语的内容▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█▉▊▋▌精诚凝聚=^_^=成就梦想▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█▉▊▋▌▃▄▅▆▇██■▓点亮心灯~~~///(^v^)\\\~~~照亮人生▃▄▅▆▇██■▓体现得更加具体化。例如:①Herwishisthatshecouldloseweightsoon.②Thatiswherehisgrandparentsoncelived.Itlookedasifitwasgoingtorain.注意:▲和主语从句一样,表语从句也要用陈述语序。例如:MyconfusionishowIcanfindthewaytothenewmuseuminLondon.▲表语从句中表示是否时,只能用whether,不能用if。例如:Thequestioniswhetherheisabletofindlocationsinstrangeareas.▲表语从句中连词that一般不能省略。例如:Theproblemwithlookingintospacefromtheearthisthatthereisalotofdustintheair.