英语作文写作技巧

英语写作技巧LectureofWritingOutline1.写作基本要求2.过渡语3.替换新词，改换句式4.写作的“四化”5.写作增词的技巧2一、写作基本要求：32.段落分明2.115%的开头，70%的主体，15%的结尾2.2每段首行缩进4-5个字母4二、过渡语1.表文章结构顺序，列举：Firstofall，Firstly/First，Secondly/Second…Andthen，Finally，Intheend，Atlast2.表并列补充关系的，另外：Whatismore，Besides，Moreover，Furthermore，Inaddition3.表转折对比关系的：However，Although+clause(从句)，Ononehand…Ontheotherhand…；54.表因果关系的：Because，Thus，Therefore，Asaresult5.表换一种方式表达：Inotherwords6.表进行举例说明：Forexample，句子;Forinstance，句子;suchas+n/doing7.表陈述事实：Infact，asamatteroffact8.表达自己观点：AsfarasIknow，Inmyopinion9.表总结：Inshort，Inaword，Inconclusion，Insummary67三、替换旧词，改变句式许多考生的作文错误倒不多，相当符合语法要求，但用词贫乏，过多使用如moreandmore,Ithink,asyouknow等表达，并且句子结构过于简单。统计结果表明，差的作文中简单句多，而好的作文简单句少；差的作文从句、连词、分词结构出现的频率大大低于好的作文；差的作文中关键词和同义表达出现的频率低于好的作文。用词的丰富和句式的多样应该主要通过多看好文章，仔细琢磨好文章中的用词和句子来提高。换句话说，也就是要从阅读中学习写作。8在措词方面存在的问题：1、可供“调遣”的词汇量贫乏，局限于中学词汇。比如，我们一提到“重要的”大多数同学首先会想到“important”这个单词它的如下同义词：significant,vital,crucial,critical，etc92、表达相近意义时，常重复用一个词，用词单调。比如，我们一提到“大”大多数同学首先会想到“big”这个单词它的如下同义词：great,large,huge,vast,enormousetc.在措词方面存在的问题：10应对之策1、调动大学期间学过的更生动，更丰富的词汇。Eg.引起、导致Cause,leadto,resultin,bringabout,giverise/birthto112、用具体，生动，有针对性的词语。Eg.利用Use,makeuseof,make(good,effective,wide,wise,full)useofsth,take(full)advantageof123、文中如需要多次表达同一词义时，以同义词，近义词等避免重复使用同一词。Eg.适应…Adaptto,adjustto,make…fit,getusedto,beaccustomedto13少用老掉牙词汇垃圾词汇:helpful典型例句:Sthishelpful(tosb)替代语conducive有助于e.gSthisconducivetosb垃圾词汇:think典型例句:ithink--------替代语deem，harbortheideathat垃圾词汇:because典型例句:xxxbecausexxx替代语inthat/inasmuchas垃圾词汇:about典型例句:itisabout250timesofthat替代语itisapproximately---垃圾词汇:if替代语provided，supposing1.people,persons的替换词:individuals,characters,folks2.good的替换词:positive,favorable,rosy(美好的)，promising(有希望的)，perfect,pleasurable,excellent,outstanding3.bad的替换词:dreadful,unfavorable,poor,adverse(有害的)如果bad做表语，可以有belessimpressive代替24个经典替换词24个经典替换词4.many的替换词:anarmyof,anoceanof,aseaof,amultitudeof,many…ifnotmost.Eg.Manyindividuals,ifnotmost,harbortheideathat….5.some的替换词:asliceof,quietafew,several6.thing的替换词:affair,business,matter167.think的替换词:harbortheideathat,taketheattitudethat,holdtheviewthat,itiswidelysharedthat,itisuniversallyacknowledgedthat8.common的替换词:shared9.getmuchbenefit的替换词:reaphugefruits10.inmyopinion的替换词:formypart,frommyownperspective24个经典替换词11.moreandmore的替换词:increasingly,growing当修饰名词时用increasing/growing.修饰形容词，副词用increasingly注意没有growingly这种形式.Eg.sthhasgainedgrowingpopularity.sthisincreasinglypopular.12helpful的替换词:benefitialrewarding13.very的替换词:exceedingly,extremely24个经典替换词14.cause的替换词:giveriseto,leadto,resultin,trigger15.reasonsforsth的替换词:thereareseveralreasonsbehindsth16.want的替换词:desire17.payattentionto的替换词:pourattentioninto18.remember的替换词:bearinmindthat24个经典替换词1919.sbbeinterestedinsth的替换词:sthappealstosb,sthexertsatremendousfascinationonsb20.attractone'sattention的替换词:captureone‘sattention21.have的替换词:enjoy,possess24个经典替换词2022.communication的替换词:interaction23.beagainst,disagreewithsth的替换词：frownonsth24.forexample的替换词：tonameonlyafew,asanexample24个经典替换词21善用词组如果我们能够在单词的基础上，进一步想到与之同义的词组，那么文章就会显得与众不同，更具有英语的味道。比如上面所说的“重要的”这个单词，当我们想到important的时候，如果从语法角度再稍加考虑一下，我们会想到“beofimportance”。因为，语法中规定：形容词等于of加这个形容词的名词形式。如果再提升一步，我们还学过一个常用的词组“playanimportantrolein---”。22句型多样，制造亮点简单句，并列句和复合句交替使用，灵活使用各种句子结构如：插入语，倒装句，强调句，非谓语动词，疑问句等。若要写好作文，要写好句子，首先要掌握句子结构和句式变化及句子类型，可通过对泛读课文经典句子的背诵提高应用语言基本句型的能力。Imitationisagoodwaytolearn.23适当用代替主动，这样能更客观的反映事实,句子开头不要总是用we/I(比如不用weshouldpayattentionto而用Attentionshouldbepaidto.)Inaword,thelocalgovernmentshouldtakeeffectivemeasurestosolvetheproblem.Itis,therefore,hightimethatsomeapplicableapproacheswereimplementedbythelocalgovernmentlikethat.被动句以及倒装句24四、写作的“四化”：a.语言准确化b.语言多样化c.结构清晰化d.内容简单化Recently,theproblemof…hasarousedpeople’sconcern.Internethasbeenplayinganincreasinglyimportantroleinourday-to-daylife.Ithasbroughtalotofbenefitsbuthascreatedsomeseriousproblemsaswell.Recentlytheissueoftheproblemof/thephenomenonof...hasbeenbroughtintofocus.Inflation/Corruption/Socialinequality...isyetanotherofthenewandbittertruthwehavetolearntofacenow/constantly.Beginning文章开头People’sviewson…varyfrompersontoperson.Someholdthat….However,othersbelievethat….Attitudestowards(drugs)varyfrompersontoperson.Therearedifferentopinionsamongpeopleasto…Peoplemayhavedifferentopinionson…Differentpeopleholddifferentattitudestoward(failure).Differentopinions不同意见Asfarassomethingisconcerned,….Itwasobviousthat…Itmaybetruethat…,butitdoesn’tmeanthat…Itisnaturaltobelievethat…,butweshouldn’tignorethat…Thereisnoevidencetosuggestthat…IncorrectopinionsFrommypointofview,itismorereasonabletosupportthefirstopinionratherthanthesecond.Icannotentirelyagreewiththeideathat…Personally,Iamstandingonthesideof…Isincerelybelievethat…Inmyopinion,itismoreadvisabletodo…thantodo….Finally,tospeakfrankly,thereisalsoamorepracticalreasonwhy…YouropinionsThisphenomenonexistsforanumberofreasons.Whydid…?Foronething…Foranother….Perhapstheprimaryreasonis…Iquiteagreewiththestatementthat…thereasonsarechieflyasfollows.Ther