英语语法主语从句&同位语从句

L/O/G/OEnglishgrammar主语从句&同位语从句主语从句(SubjectClause)如果一个句子在复合句中充当一个主语,那么这个句子就是主语从句。Thathefinishedwritingthecompositioninsuchashorttimesurprisedusall.Whatweneedaregooddoctors.Whomwemuststudyforisaquestionofgreatimportance.、whatever、whichever可引导主语从句。Whoevercomeswillbewelcome.Whateverhedidwasright.Whicheverofyoucomesinwillreceiveaprize.等。2.主语从句大多数情况下视为第三人称单数,但在关系代词what引导的主语从句后谓语动词的数要根据句意而定。小结)It+be+表语+主语从句•Itisstilluncertainwhetherheiscomingornot.•Itisstrangethattheydon’tknowthefilmstar.为了防止句子头重脚轻，通常把形式主语it放在主语位置，真正主语后置。)It+不及物动词+主语从句•Ithappensthattheywereabsent.•Itdoesn’tmatterwhetherhewillcomeornot.)It+be+done+(不及物动词)+主语从句•IthasbeendecidedthattheparkwillnotbeopenonMondays.以that引出的主语从句,常以形式主语it引导,结构为:Itis+形容词/名词/某些动词ed+that从句。2.在有些that从句中要用虚拟语气(should+do/should+havedone)。小结均为“是否”但下列情况下只用whether：1.引导主语从句并在句首Whetherhewillcomeisnotclear.2.引导表语从句Thequestioniswhetherhe’llcome.’mnotsureaboutwhetherwe’llwin.4.引导让步状语从句时Whetheryoulikeitornot,you’llhavetodoit.主语从句位于句首时必须由连接词引导。2.主语从句后置时引导词that可省略。3.主语从句位于句首时,不能用if引导。4.主语从句后置时,可以用if引导。注意事项’tlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.2._____hesaidatthemeetingastonishedeverybodypresent.3.________the2000OlympicGameswillbeheldinBeijingisnotknownyet.4.________we’llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.5.________leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.ThatWhatWhetherWhetherWhoever填空。“__isourhopethatthetwosideswillworktowardspeace.”ItthatIt解析:what引导主语从句,在从句中做do的宾语[]A.BecauseB.ThatC./D.What答案是B。“他变成了富翁,这是我们镇上下班人人皆知的事。”根据句意,须用that引导的主语从句。that在从句中不担任任何成分,只起连接作用.答案是B。“我所需要的是更多的时间。”根据题意,应选what引志的主语从句,what在职从句中作宾语(what=thethingwhich).主语从句的关联词不能省略,故排除C。which表示“哪一个”,that无词义,都与句意不符,故排除。L/O/G/O休息一下!同位语从句，即从句在句中作主语或宾语的同位语，是对句子主语或宾语的解释、说明。e.g.Weheardthenewsthatourteamhadwon.Thefactthatthetransportofthegoodscoststoomuchwasnotdiscussed.LilykepthispromisethatshewouldalwaysdoanythinghecouldforLucietomakesureofherhappiness.其后常用同位语从句的名词主要是抽象名词，如：belief,doubt,fact,hope,idea,news,possibility,thought,message,problem,promise,等等。等。e.g.Ihavenoideawhenhewillbeback.howhecangetthetreasure.wheretheconcertwillbehold.whocanfinishthework.whyithappened.whichpenismine.whatweshoulddonext.whomtheyaretalkingabout.whetherit’llraintomorrow.thatourfootballteamwonthegame.注意:1.有时同位语从句不是直接跟在名词后面，而是被其他词隔开。eg.Wordcamethattheyhadwonthegame.2.名词suggestion,advice,order等词后的同位语从句的谓语动词要用should+动词原形,should可省略.Thesuggestionthattheplan(should)bedelayedwillbediscussedtomorrow.3.同位语从句只用whether不用if表示是否。Thequestionwhetherhecametothepartyisunknown)、两种从句都可以译成定语Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthefinalmatchisencouraging.（同位语从句）我们队取得决赛胜利的消息令人鼓舞。Thenewsthatyoutoldusisreallyencouraging.（定语从句）你告诉我们的消息真的令人鼓舞。)、两种从句都可以用that引导Thesuggestionthatstudentsshouldlearnsomethingpracticalisworthconsidering.（同位语从句）学生应该学些实用的东西的建议值得考虑。Thesuggestionthatisworthconsideringisthatthestudentsshouldlearnsomethingpractical.（定语从句）值得考虑的建议是学