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Tense&voice体(form)时(time)一般时indefinite进行时continuous完成时perfect完成进行时perfectcontinuous现在present一般现在时studystudies现在进行时amisstudyingare现在完成时havestudiedhas现在完成进行时havebeenstudyinghas过去past一般过去时studied过去进行时wasstudyingwere过去完成时hadstudied过去完成进行时hadbeenstudying将来Future一般将来时shallstudywill将来进行时shallbestudyingwill将来完成时shallhavestudiedwill将来完成进行时shallhavebeenstudyingwill过去将来Futureinthepast过去将来时shouldstudywould过去将来进行时shouldbestudyingwould过去将来完成时shouldhavestudiedwould过去将来完成进行时shouldhavebeenstudyingwould时态的种类英语动词有16种时态,现以study为例,列表如下:过去现在将来时态高考题巩固题1巩固题2主动被动语态一般现在时现在进行时现在完成时现在Ilearnedthattheearth___aroundthesunwhenIwasinprimaryschool.Ifheacceptsthejob,hewillgetmoremoneysoon.考点二:在时间和条件状语从句中,代替一般将来时;常用的引导词有:时间:when,until,after,before,assoonas,once,themoment/theminute;Eg:WhenBillcomes(不是willcome),askhimtowaitforme.条件:if,unless,provided.一般现在时goes考点一:表示永恒的真理,即使出现在过去的语境中,仍用一般现在时。1)Thetrain______atsixtomorrowmorning.Whendoesthebusstart?It______intenminutes.leavesstartsIfyouwillacceptmyinvitation,myfamilywillbepleased.注意:由if引导的条件状语从句中可以用shall或will表“意愿”,但不表示时态。2)倒装句(由here,there开头的句子,动词用一般现在时表示现在正在发生的动作)Herecomesthebus.=Thebusiscoming.Theregoesthebell.=Thebellisringing.考点三:下列动词:come,go,arrive,leave,start,begin,return,open,close的一般现在时表将来。这主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。现在进行时Thehouseis_____________thesedays.Thelittleboyisalwaysmakingtrouble.考点一:与频率副词,如always,constantly,continually等连用表示说话人的某种感情色彩(赞叹、厌烦、埋怨等)。Heisalwaysthinkingofhiswork(赞许)他老是把东西乱扔。Heisconstantlyleavinghisthingsabout.(不满)他老爱说大话。Heisalwaysboasting(厌烦)beingbuilt考点二:表示在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作,仅限于少量动词:go,come,leave,start,arrive,return,stay,do,have,seesboff…Areyoustayingheretillnextweek?工作进行的怎么样?工作进行的相当顺利。你进步很快。我们想在这里建一座水坝。风挺大有人找你接电话。Howareyougettingonwithyourwork?Theworkisgoingfairlysmoothly.You’remakingrapidprogress.We’rethinkingofbuildingadamhere.It’sblowinghard.Someoneisaskingforyouonthephone.注意:下面四类动词不宜用现在进行时。(A)表示心理状态、情感的动作:like,love,hate,care,remember,believe,want,mind,wish,agree,mean,need。(B)表存在的状态的动词:appear,exist,lie,remain,seem,belongto,dependon。(C)表示一时性动作的动词:allow,accept,permit,promise,admit,complete。(D)表示感官的动词:see,hear,notice,feel,smell,sound,taste,look。考点一:for+时间段;since+时间点TheyhavelivedinBeijingforfiveyears.TheyhavelivedinBeijingsince1995.现在完成时考点二:常见的不确定的时间状语:lately;recently,just,already,yet,ever,never,uptonow;tillnow;sofar,thesedays,once,twice,threetimes…Hasitstoppedrainingyet?考点三:在表示“最近几世纪/年/月以来……”时间状语中,谓语动词用现在完成时。in/over/duringthepastfewyears/months/weeks/days;forthelastfewcenturies,throughcenturies;throughouthistory等考点四:用于现在完成时的句型ItisthefirsttimethatIhavevisitedthecity.Itwasthethirdtimethattheboyhadbeenlate.1)This/That/Itisthefirst/secondtime….that…结构中的从句部分,用现在完成时。这是我看过的最好的电影。ThisisthebestfilmthatI've(ever)seen.2)This/That/Itisthebest(worst,mostinteresting,only)+名词+that”后面跟现在完成时。since的四种用法1)since+过去一个时间点(如具体的年、月、日期、钟点、1980,lastmonth,halfpastsix)。Ihavebeenheresince1989.2)since+一段时间+agoIhavebeenheresincefivemonthsago.3)since+从句Greatchangeshavetakenplacesinceyouleft.4)Itis+一段时间+since从句ItistwoyearssinceIbecameapostgraduatestudent.have/hasbeen…表示曾到过某地(现在回来了)have/hasgone…表示已经到某地去了(现在不在说话处)他去过北京。他到北京去了。HehasbeentoBeijing.HehasgonetoBeijing.典型例题(1)---Doyouknowourtownatall?---No,thisisthefirsttimeI___here.A.wasB.havebeenC.cameD.amcoming(2)---Haveyou____beentoourtownbefore?---No,it‘sthefirsttimeI___here.A.even,comeB.even,havecomeC.ever,comeD.ever,havecomeB.D注意:非延续性动词的否定形式可以与表示延续时间的状语连用。即动作不发生的状态是可以持续的。(错)Ihavereceivedhisletterforamonth.(对)Ihaven'treceivedhisletterforalmostamonth典型例题1.Youdon‘tneedtodescribeher.I___herseveraltimes.A.hadmetB.havemetC.metD.meet答案B.首先本题后句强调对现在的影响,我知道她的模样,你不用描述。再次,severaltimes告知为反复发生的动作,因此用现在完成时。2.---I‘msorrytokeepyouwaiting.---Oh,notatall.I___hereonlyafewminutes.A.havebeenB.hadbeenC.wasD.willbe答案A.等待的动作由过去开始,持续到现在,应用现在完成时。一般过去时过去进行时过去完成时过去Hetoldmehe________aninterestingnovellastnight.②如果从句中有一个过去的时间状语,尽管从句中的动作先于主句发生,但从句中的谓语动词用过去式。一般过去时的考点分析(考核重点)。①表示过去的事情、动作或状态常与表示过去具体的时间状语连用(或有上下文语境暗示);用于表达过去的习惯;表示说话人原来没有料到、想到或希望的事Imetherinthestreetyesterday.Heusedtosmokealot.Ithoughtthefilmwouldbeinteresting,butitisn’t.readTomhaswrittenalettertohisparentslastnight.Tomwrotealettertohisparentslastnight.句子中如有过去时的时间副词(如yesterday,last,week,in1960)时,不能使用现在完成时,要用过去时。③表示两个紧接着发生的动作,常由以下词语连接,如but,and,when,assoonas,immediately,themoment…Themomentshecamein,shetoldmewhathadhappenedtoher.Heboughtawatchbutlostit.(错)(对)Theradio________________whenyoucalledme.----whatwereyoudoingthistimeyesterday?----We_______________inthelab.过去进行时表示过去某个时间点或某段时间内正在发生的动作。Theboywasdoinghishomeworkwhenhisfathercamebackfromwork.Whatwereyoudoingatninelastnight?wasbeingrepairedwereworking过去完成时考点分析(考核重点)句中有明显的参照动作或时间状语,这种时态从来不孤立使用(by、bytheend、bythetime、until、before、since后接表示过去某一时间的短语或从句以前发生的动作。E.G:Bytheendoflastyear,wehadproduced20,000cars.Thetrainhadleftbeforewereachedthestation.Itwasthreeyearssincewehadbeenthere.考点一:表示“一……就”的几个句型:Hardly/Scarcely/Nosoonerhad+主语+过去分词+when/before/than+一般过去时Wehadnosoonerbeenseatedthanthebusstarted.=Nosoonerhadwebeenseatedthanthebusstarted.(注意主谓倒装)考点二:表示“第几次做某事”,主句用过去时,从句用过去完成时。Thatwasth
本文标题:英语时态PPT课件
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