period 4 education1

Period4EducationBysuzzieTopicstobediscussed1.whatshouldbethepurposesofeducation？2.shouldcollegeentranceexaminationbecancelledornot?why?3.Arepublicschoolsbetterthanprivateschools?why?4.Isco-educational/mixed男女合校orsingle-sexschoolbetter？What’syouropinion?Unit12BritishEducationSystemThePurposesoftheBritishEducationSystem“ThethreeR’s”—reading,writingandarithmetic”toprovidechildrenwithliteracyandtheotherbasicskillstheywillneedtobecomeactivemembersofsociety.tosocializechildren,teachingthemrulesandvaluesneededtobecomegoodcitizens.toparticipateinthecommunity.tocontributetotheeconomicprosperityofanadvancedindustrialeconomy.II.Therelationshipbetweeneducationandsocialclass1.Classinequalitycanbeerasedorcontinuedaccordingtoeducationalpolicy.2.Britainisasocietyinwhichsocialclassisstillveryimportant.Educationalopportunitiesforworking-classandmiddle-classpeoplecanbeverydifferent.3.InBritain,theaccentyouspeakwith,theclothesyouwear,andtheschoolsyouattendareallmarkersthatidentifyyoursocialclass.4.Toattendthe“right”schools(thefamousboys’publicschoolslikeEtonandWinchester)andthe“right”universities(OxfordandCambridge)isstillthesinglebestwaytoguaranteeasuccessfulcareerThepresenteducationsystemEducationintheUKiscompulsory.Childrenarelegallyobligedtoattendschoolfromtheagesof5to16.11yearscompulsoryChina?SchoolTodayPre-primarySchoolsPrimarySchoolsSecondarySchoolsUniversities/Colleges1.Pre-primaryschooling2--age4/5,Nurseryschool幼儿园DaycarePlaygroup游戏群体Thegovernmentprovidessomefinancialsupport.Manyareprivate.Theemphasisisongroupwork,creativeactivity&guidedplay.1.StateSchools(公立学校):11-yearcompulsoryeducation(5-16)StatePrimarySchool→ComprehensiveSchool(83%),GrammarSchool(3%)orSecondaryModernSchool(7%)2.PublicSchools/IndependentSchools(独立学校/公学):PrepSchool→Public(Independent)School(7%)TwoSystemsofprimaryandsecondaryeducationinBritain:Question:Whatarethemaindifferencesbetweenthetwo?SchoolFunding:Statefundingfromcentralgovernment;SupplementedbylocalfinanceTuitionfees;Endowments(捐赠)ordonationsfromsociety(esp.alumni[ə'lʌmnai]totheiralmamaters)Attendance:93%vs.7%TeachingStaffandFacilities:Publicschoolshavebetterteachingstaff&facilities.Graduates:Studentsfromthepublicschoolsaremorepromising,e.g.EtonCollegehaseducated20PrimeMinisters,6ChancellorsofExchequers,etc.PublicSchoolsIntheUKprivateschoolsareconfusinglycalledpublicschools!Hightuitionfees+largequantityofsocialendowments=affordingsmallerclasses+betterfaculty(withnicesalaries)Mainlysingle-sexratherthanco-edschools.Boardingschools.Question:Whoareattendingsuchschools?Thestudentsarelargelyfromaristocratic(贵族)&upperclassfamilies.Despitethehighfeestheyaccountforaround7%ofthetotalschoolpopulation.BUTopponentsvoicedoubts:It’ssociallydivisive分裂&breedselitism精英主义;theyareofferingmorepromisingopportunitiesto7%ofBritishchildren,butit’sunfairfortheremaining93%!PrimaryEducation(5--11)Compulsoryeducationbeginsat5inEngland,Wales&Scotland&4inNorthernIreland.Pupilsmainlyattendstatesectorprimaryschools(co-educationalormixedschools).There’slittleornospecialistsubjectteaching&greatemphasisisonliteracy&numeracyinearlyyears.PrepSchools(预备学校)(from7/8to13)(separate;fees;entranceexam)SecondarySchools(11-16)StateSchools(93%)1.ComprehensiveSchools(83%)(Noentranceexam,generaleducation)2.GrammarSchools(“the11plus”examinationpreparingstudentsforhighereducation)(3%)3.SecondaryModernSchools(7%)—technicalschoolPublicSchools=IndependentSchools(7%)TheNationalCurriculumEnglishDesign&TechnologyGeographyMathematicsInformationTechnologyMusicScienceArtPhysicalEducationHistoryModernForeignLanguageExamsCompulsoryeducationendsatage16.At16,studentsinEngland&WalestakeGCSE(GeneralCertificateofSecondaryEducation中学毕业证书)examinationsinvolvingafinalexam,anassessmentofworkdoneduringthe2-yearcourse,orbothofthesethings.Otherpupilswhodecidenottogotouniversitymaychoosetotakevocationaltraining&gettheGNVQ(GeneralNationalVocationalQualification国家专业资格证书,5levels).KeyStagesSomemoreambitious&hardworkingstudentswilltakeGCEO-level(一般水平普通教育证书)exams.Iftheypass,theymaytransfertoaSixthFormschool六年级ortertiarycollege专科学校tolearnA-levelclassesfor2years.At18,theytakeGCEA-levelexaminations(AdvancedGeneralCertificateofEducation高级水平普通教育证书＝大学入学考试).Mostpupilstrytoachieve3or4A-levelinthesubjectstheyaremostproficientat.SinceadmittancetouniversitiesdependslargelyonA-levelresultsGCSE的评分方法GradeA*AgoodresultofexceptionalqualityGradeB/CThehighergradesneededforfurtherandhighereducationGradeD/ERegardedasaveragegrades-agoodbasefromwhichtogrowGradeF/GThelower,butstilluseful,gradesofachievementUngradedUnfortunately,noscoreTheMostWell-knownPublicSchools中学:EtonCollege(伊顿公学)(1440byKingHenryVI)HarrowSchool(哈罗公学)(1571)(Byron,Churchill)(forBoysonly)WinchesterCollege(温切斯特公学)(1394)RugbySchool(拉格贝公学)(1567)(Rugbywasfirstplayedhere.)EtonCollegeForboysONLY!Itsstudentsarefromnoble&upperclassfamilies.(PrinceCharles,William&Harry)Sofar,about20PMswereeducatedatEton.Theschoolfeeincludestuition,board食&lodging宿,laundry干洗,personalaccide