女性内生殖器(研究生)

同学们好！Femaleinternalgenitalorgans女性内生殖器内蒙古医学院人体解剖学教研室刘文忠一、卵巢Ovary（123456）Position－liesintheovarianfossaintheanglebetweentheinternalandexternaliliacvesselsonthelateralpelvicwall.Shape－anovoidorgan•Superiorpole•Inferiorpole•Anteriorborder–Mesovarianborder系膜缘–Hilumofovary卵巢门•Posteriorborder－freeborder•Twosurfaces－medialandlateralSupportingstructuresofovary•Suspensoryligamentofovary卵巢悬韧带（骨盆漏斗韧带）•Properligamentofovary卵巢固有韧带卵巢动脉肾上腺上动脉（多支）肾上腺中动脉肾上腺下动脉卵巢静脉卵巢动、静脉卵巢悬韧带（骨盆漏斗韧带）卵巢由卵巢动脉和子宫动脉的卵巢支供血，分为四型：1、两者互相吻合共同营养卵巢。2、仅由卵巢动脉营养卵巢。3、仅由子宫动脉的分支营养卵巢。4、子宫动脉分支营养卵巢内侧部，卵巢动脉营养卵巢外侧部卵巢系膜内的卵巢静脉丛，汇合成卵巢静脉，与同名动脉伴行，左侧注入左肾静脉，右侧直接注入下腔静脉。卵巢的淋巴管出卵巢门，向上注入腰淋巴结。二、输卵管UterinetubeGeneralfeatures•About10-12cmlong•LocatedatupperedgeofbroadligamentofuterusbetweenthetwolayersFourparts•输卵管漏斗Infundibulumofuterinetube–输卵管伞Fimbriaeofuterinetube–卵巢伞ovarianfimbriartery•输卵管壶腹Ampullaofuterinetube－relativelywide,tortuous,longestpart,thinwalls;fertilizationoftheovumtakesplaceinitscomplexlumen•Isthmusofuterinetube输卵管峡－straightandnarrowportion,thickwalls,itistheplacewherethetuballigationisperformedusually•Uterinepart子宫部－narrowestpart,piercesuterinewallandopensintocavityofuterusbyuterineorificeofuterinetube输卵管的血供•动脉：输卵管内侧2/3由子宫动脉的输卵管支供应；外侧1/3由卵巢动脉的分支供应。•静脉：一部分输卵管静脉汇入卵巢静脉，一部分汇入子宫静脉。卵巢动脉子宫动脉输卵管的淋巴管向上注入腰淋巴结。三、Uterus子宫（1234567）Generalfeatures－muscularpear-shapedorganThreeparts•Fundusofuterus子宫底•Bodyofuterus子宫体•Neckofuterus子宫颈子宫颈Neckofuterus子宫颈阴道部Vaginalpartsofcervix子宫颈阴道上部Supravaginalpartsofcervix子宫峡Isthmusofuterus－shortconstrictedpart,transitionbetweenthebodyandtheneckofuterus,takenupbybodyofuterusduringpregnancy,thus“loweruterinesegment”底体颈阴道上部阴道部Interiorcavity•Cavityofuterus子宫腔－thecavityofbodyofuterus,istriangularincoronalsection•Canalofcervixofuterus子宫颈管－thecavityoftheneck,isspindle-shaped，opensintothevaginaattheorificeofuterus子宫口子宫腔子宫颈管子宫颈管内口子宫颈管外口未产妇子宫口经产妇子宫口子宫颈管外口（子宫口）子宫颈管内口子宫腔阴道前唇后唇Position•Liesinthecenterofthepelviccatity,betweenbladder,anteriorly,andrectum,posteriorly,usuallyitisanteversionandanteflexion•Anteversion前倾－axisofuterusat90owiththatofvagina•Anteflexion前屈－axisofbodyofuterusisbentforwardwiththatofthecervixforminganangleofabout170o(bodyofuterusisbentslightlyforwardatisthmus)Supportsofuterus•Pelvicdiaphragm•Surroundingorgans:vaginaandbladder•Ligaments–Broadligamentofuterus子宫阔韧带–Roundligamentofuterus子宫圆韧带－maintainantevertedpositionoffundus–Cardinalligamentofuterus子宫主韧带–Uterosacralligamentofuterus骶子宫韧带子宫阔韧带Broadligamentofuterus•输卵管系膜Mesosalpinxfortheuterinetubes•卵巢系膜Mesometriumfortheovary•子宫系膜Mesovarium子宫主韧带Cardinalligamentofuterus－conferlateralstabilitytocervicalregion骶子宫韧带Uterosacralligamentofuterus－maintainbodyofuterusinantevertedposition.子宫血供动脉：起于髂内动脉的前干，在子宫阔韧带底部走向子宫颈，在子宫颈外侧约2cm处过输尿管的前上方至子宫颈侧缘，再沿子宫两侧缘迂曲上行。分支：阴道支、输卵管支、卵巢支。静脉：子宫两侧子宫静脉丛，汇成子宫静脉，汇入髂内静脉。子宫动脉输尿管子宫的淋巴回流子宫底子宫体上部子宫体下部子宫颈沿卵巢血管腰淋巴结髂总淋巴结沿子宫圆韧带腹股沟浅淋巴结髂内淋巴结髂外淋巴结骶淋巴结沿骶子宫韧带沿子宫血管四、Vagina阴道•Flattenedfibromusculartube,about8～9cmlong•Extendsupwardandbackwardfromvestibuletouterus•Fornixofvagina阴道穹–Formedbetweencervixandwallsofvagina–Posteriorfornixdeepestandlargerthaneitheranteriororlateralfornices,andrelatedtotherectouterinepouch