5_雅思阅读填空、图表

题型特点1）按照范围分类------全文摘要//部分段落摘要•2）按照填空内容分类-----原文原词//选词//自己写词•3）遵循顺序原则•4）答案多为名词原词重现解题步骤•(1)明确题目字数要求及原文范围•（2）仔细读摘要的首末句，宏观确定原文范围。•（3）微观把控---空格定位词---语法词性//语义语义---利用逻辑：并列/递进/转折注意空格前后的词，到原文中去找这些词的对应词。（4）原文对应----理解句意对应词的特点如下•A．原词•B．词性变化；如空格前的词为threatening,是形容词，原文中的词为threat,是名词。•C．语态变化•D．同义词；throwaway---discard(丢弃，抛弃，遗弃)，它们是同义词。注意•1．注意题目要求中是否有字数限制。•2．若要求从原文选词，越是生词，越可能是答案。下列比较生僻的词如sustainable（可持续的）、biodegradable（可生物降解的）、contaminants（废物，杂物）、nostrils（鼻孔）都是一些题目的答案。•3．从选项中选词，要注意看题目要求是写答案本身，还是写选项前的代表字母。•4．从选项中选词，答案与原文的4大对应关系。•（1）原文原词（2）词性变化：necessary—necessity•（3）语态变化（4）同义词注意5．瞻前顾后，注意代词指代6．根据并列关系，迅速预判词性—语法7.根据逻辑关系词，迅速定位答案----语义二、图表题•流程图题方法与SUMMARY相近•题目讲解例：剑六T3P3Q38-40•题型要求题目中有一个图表或一个表格，其中有一些信息，留出空格，要求根据文章填空。一般没有选项可供选择。所填的内容一般分为如下几类：（1）时间、事件及人物（2）数字及排位。（3）物体的构成及功能。（4）流程图。（5）抽象名词•原文：Publicitycomesonlywhenafailuretocommunicatehasmajorconcequences,suchasstrikes,lostorders,legalproblems,orfatalaccidents-even,attimes,war.•Q14Languageproblemsmaycometotheattentionofpublicwhentheyhave＿＿＿suchasfatalaccidentsorsocialproblems.•原文：IntheEnglish-speakingscientificworld,forexample,surveysofbooksanddocumentsconsultedinlibrariesandotherinformationagencieshaveshownthatverylittleforeignlanguagematerialiseverconsulted.•Q15Evidenceoftheextentofthelanguagebarrierhasbeengainedfrom＿＿＿ofmaterialsusedbyscientistssuchasbooksandperiodicals.•原文：Britishindustry,inparticular,hasinrecentdecadesoftenbeencriticizedforitslinguisticinsularityforitsassumptionthatforeignbuyerswillbehappytocommunicateinEnglish,andthatawarenessofotherlanguagesisnotthereforeapriority.Inthe1960s,overtwo-thirdsofBritishfirmsdealingwithnon-English-speakingcustomerswereusingEnglishforoutgoingcorrespondence;manyhadtheirsalesliteratureonlyinEnglish…•Q16AnexampleofBritishlinguisticinsularityistheuseofEnglishformaterialssuchas＿＿＿•原文：ThechangesinawarenesshavebeenmostmarkedinEnglish-speakingcountrieswheretherealizationhasgraduallydawnedthatbynomeanseveryoneintheworldknowsEnglishwellenoughtonegotiateinit.ThisisespeciallyaproblemwhenEnglishisnotanofficiallanguageofpublicadministration,asinmostpartsoftheFarEast,Russia,EasternEurope,theArabworld,LatinAmericaandFrench-speakingAfrica.•Q17AnexampleofapartoftheworldwherepeoplemayhavedifficultyinnegotiatingEnglishis＿＿＿.•1.Climatechangeisalegitimateworry.Althoughstillriddledwithuncertainties,thescienceofclimatechangeisbecomingfirmer:puttoomuchcarbonintheatmosphereandyoumightendupcookingtheearth,withpossiblycatastrophicresults.Buthereagain,switchingimmediatelytonuclearpowerisnotthebestresponse.Cuttingtheheftysubsidiesthatgototheworld'scoalproducerswouldhelptilttheworld'senergybalancetowardsnaturalgas,whichgivesoffmuchlesscarbondioxide.Developingcountriessubsidiseelectricitypricestothetuneofupto$120billionayear,accordingtoWorldBankestimates.Ifpricesreflectedthetruecostsofgeneration,electricitydemandwouldfall,thuscuttinggreenhouseemissions.•1.Twocarbon-freeformsofenergyare____and_____.•2.Themainenvironmentalriskattachedtonuclearpoweris______.•3.Onedisadvantageof____isthattheyspoilthelandscape.•4.Moneypresentlyusedfornuclearresearchcouldbebetterspenton_______.•5.Thenuclearindustryshouldoperatenuclearpowerplants_______.•2.Oncethetoughjobofcuttingsubsidiesisover,governmentsmightwanttoreducegreenhousegasesfurther.Againtherearecarbon-freeenergiesthatmeritmoresubsidiesthannuclear.Thecostsofmanyrenewabletechnologies,suchassolarandwindpower,havefallendramaticallyinrecentdecades.•1.Twocarbon-freeformsofenergyare____and_____.•2.Themainenvironmentalriskattachedtonuclearpoweris______.•3.Onedisadvantageof____isthattheyspoilthelandscape.•4.Moneypresentlyusedfornuclearresearchcouldbebetterspenton_______.•5.Thenuclearindustryshouldoperatenuclearpowerplants_______.•3.Moreover,supportingnuclearpowertowardoffclimatechangemeansswappingoneenvironmentalriskforanother.Votersinmanycountriesfearradiationliketheplague.Therisksofnuclearaccidentsmaybetiny,butwhentheyhappentheycanbecatastrophic.Renewablesarenotwithouttheirenvironmentaldisadvantages(windturbines,forexample,canbeunsightlyonhilltops),butaremuchcleanerthannuclear.Thebillionsrichcountrieseachyearpumpintonuclearresearchwouldbebetterspentonrenewablesinstead.•1.Twocarbon-freeformsofenergyare____and_____.•2.Themainenvironmentalriskattachedtonuclearpoweris______.•3.Onedisadvantageof____isthattheyspoilthelandscape.•4.Moneypresentlyusedfornuclearresearchcouldbebetterspenton_______.•5.Thenuclearindustryshouldoperatenuclearpowerplants_______.•4.Havingbeeninvented,nuclearpowerwillnotdisappear.Thenuclearindustrystillhasajobtodo,runningexistingnuclearplantstotheendoftheirlivesascheaplyandsafelyaspossible.Fornow,thecasefornuclearpowerisfullofholes.Asiashouldresistthetemptationtothrowitsmoneyintothem.•1.Twocarbon-freeformsofenergyare____and_____.•2.Themainenvironmentalriskattachedtonuclearpoweris______.•3.Onedisadvantageof____isthattheyspoilthelandscape.•4.Moneypresentlyusedfornuclearresearchcouldbebetterspenton_______.•5.Thenuclearindustryshouldoperatenuclearpowerplants_______.•例题:CTherearetechnicallimitationstotheamountofpaperwhi