美国运动

SportsinAmericaGroup7:刘庆娟蔡步高WatchingorattendingsportseventsisanimportantpartofthelivesofmanyAmericans.Someofthemarewellworthtalkingabouthere.FootballFootballFootballgame,itmeansAmericanfootballhere,it'salsocalledrugby.(InAmericanEnglish,footballisusuallycalledsoccer,notfootball.)•Time:•Americanfootballteamscanbedividedintotwokinds---Professionalfootballteamsandvarsityfootballteam(学校体育比赛代表队）.ProfessionalfootballteamsThetimethethegameisheld--Duringthelatesummer(preseason)thefall(regularseason),andthewinteruntillateinJanuary(postseason,orplayofftime超级锦标赛).AllthisculminatesintheSuperBowl超级杯赛）todecidethechampionteamfortheyear.Teams--24teamsaredividedintotwoconferences--theAmericanFootballConference(AFC)theNationalFootballConference(NFC)Interestinprofessionalfootballsuddendlyincreasedwiththeadventofcolortelevision,withwhichtheteamscouldbeeasilydistinguished,andpageantry,thecoloredbannersandflags,heightenthevisualinterest.VarsityfootballteamsMostcollegesanduniversitieshaveavarsityfootballteam,withadditionalpersonnelinamacrchingband（行进乐队）andasquadofcheerleaders,whosetaskistoleadthespectetorsincheeringfortheirteam.FootballinAmericans'lifeFootballisgreatenterta--inmentforthem,spectatorsareasmuchinterstedineatinganddrinkingastheyareinthegameitself.It'satimetopartywheretheyenjoytheirfavoritesnacksandbeers,andatimetoadvertiseproductsforconsumption.AreasonitgotpopularThegamecombinestheteamworkwithindividualprowess(能力）inarough,contactcompetition.Americansliketoglorifyindividualswhosucceedinovercomingobstacles,naturalonesasthosepresentedbyothers.FootballheroThefootballheroisaballcarrierwhocanevadethedefensiveteam,allofwhomaretryingtostophim.Aneffectivedefensiveplayer,whoisabletomovethroughtheprotectionandstoptheballcarrier,willoftenbecomefamous.Theformerfootballplayer,O.J.Simpson,earnedhisfameallovertheworld.In1994,hewasaccusedofkillinghiswifeandherboyfriend.BaseballBaseballisthegreatAmericangame,throughmanyothercountriesaredeeplyinvolvedwiththegame.PopularityArea--Allovertheworld.Forinstance,Cuba,Japan,theDominicanRepublic.Groups--Bothboysandgirls.Forms--Professionalbaseball,organizedLittleLeagueorBabeRuthbaseballteams,informalsoftballleagues,varsityteams.AreasonbaseballgotpopularThatwasduringtheperiodofheroworship,asindustrializationspreadthroughAmerica,peoplefelttheywerelosingcontroloftheirlives,thattheywerebecomingburiedandlostinamass,facelesssociety.Andinthepresent,sportsheroescouldalsoservetoremindAmericansthattalentedindividualcansucceedthroughhardwork.Baseballisalessintenseactivityontheplayingfield,whichmeansthatthespectatorscanwatchthegameinamorerelaxedandlazyway,anidealwaytofritterawayahotsummerafternoon.Duringthistime,beerandsoftdrinks,aswellasothersnackssuchaspeanuts,popcorn,contributemuchtospectators'fun.MajorteamsBeforeWorldWarTwo,thereweretwomajorleagues,ofbaseballteams--theolderNationalLeagueandtheAmericanLeague.Athirdprofessionalgroup,NegroLeague,whichisalmostentirelyattendedbyAfricanAmerican,andalsoarefleationofthesegregationpopiciesprevalenttheninnortherncities.GreatchangesAfterWorldWarTwo,therewasthedemolitionofthecolorbarrier,startingwiththehiringofthesuperbathlete,African-AmeeicanJackieRobinson.Gradually,allteamshavebecomeintegrated.Nowadays...Baseballseason----BeginswithspringtraininginFebrurary,Regularseason--atthebeginningofAprilandendsinOctober.TheWorldSeries世界职业棒球大赛betweentheleadingteamstakeplaceinthelaterpartofOctober.ThebestfouroutofsevengamesdeterminestheannualWorldSeriesChampions,whichmarkstheendofbaseballseason.TheWorldSeriesisanoccasionforneighborsandco-workerstoengageinsomeminorwageringontheoutcomeofthegames.Bettingonthegameshasalwaysbeenpresent,evenonceleadingtoascandalofplayersaffectingtheoutcomeofagameondirectlybybigmoneygamblers---TheBlackSox'scndalof1919黑袜子丑闻.Gamblingonsportseventsrepresentasizableamountofmoney,asmoreandmoreAmericanswagerlaegerandlargeramountsontheseevents.