Cnc_Programming_Basics

CNCPrg.Basics1CNCProgrammingBasicsProgramstructureEveryprogramconsistsof:1.ProgramStartTheprogramstartistheprogramnumber.Theprogramnumberbeginswithcharacter/letterO.2.ProgramContentsNCblocks3.ProgramEndM30foramainprogramM17forasub-programCNCPrg.Basics2CNCProgramNumbersProgramNumbersO6999...O0256O0255...O0000CNCPrg.Basics3CNCProgramBlocks(1)•Nistheaddress•BlocknumbersfromN0000to•N9999•Ablockconsistsofnumberandwords•Wordsarecontentsofablock•BlocknumbersareselectedinthejumpsoftenforthepurposeofinsertionCNCPrg.Basics4CNCProgramBlocks(2)•Ablockconsistsofoneormoreblocks•AWordconsistsofacharacter(address)andanumber.•Everyaddresshasacertainmeaning,onwhichthecorrespondingnumberdependsCNCPrg.Basics5CNCPrg.SyntaxRegulations•Themaximumblocklengthmustnotexceededfourlines.Ifmax.lengthexceededalarm650occurs.•Everyblockstartswithablocknumber.•AftertheblocknumbersfollowstheGcommand.•WordsconsistsofcoordinatesX(U),Z(W).•ForG02,G03programinterpolationparameterIandKareplacedafterX(U),Z(W).•TheFword(feed,threadpitch).•TheSword(cuttingspeed).•TheTword(tooladdress).•TheMword(additionalfunctions).CNCPrg.Basics6AbsoluteValueProgrammingP0N……P0P1N…G01X40.Z25.F…P1P2N…G01X60.Z-40.F…P2N……AbsolutecoordinatesystemExample:CNCPrg.Basics7IncrementalValueProgrammingIncrementalcoordinatesystemExample:P0N……P0P1N…G01U5.W-25.F…P1P2N…G01X10.Z-15.F…P2N……CNCPrg.Basics8MixedProgrammingMixedcoordinatesystemExample:P0N……P0P1N…G01U5.W-25.F…P1P2N…G01X60.Z-15.F…P2N……CNCPrg.Basics9Self-holdingFunctions(1)•ThemajorityofGandMcommandsandotherwordsareself-holding,remainactiveuntiloverwrittenordeactivated/deselected.•Aimedtosimplifyandtoreduceprogrammingtasks.Example:G41canbedeactivatedbyissuingG40command.CNCPrg.Basics10Self-holdingFunctions(2)Take-overofG00commandsinblockN0110InblockN0120G00isdeactivatedbyG01.G01isactive.N0100G00X50.Z+10.N0110X36.Z+2.N0120G01X40.Z-10.F…N0050M03N0060……N0120M04Example1:Example2:M03activatedatN0050andeffectivefromN0050throughN120.M03deactivatedatN0120byM04commandCNCPrg.Basics11ReferencePointsM=Machinezeropoint.(unchangeableref.Pointdeterminedbymachinemanufacturer)N=ToolmountingreferencepointW=Workpiecezeropoint.(canbefreelydeterminedbytheprogrammerandcanbemovedwithinprogramCNCPrg.Basics12Workpiece(1)CNCPrg.Basics13Workpiece(2)CNCPrg.Basics14G&MCommandsG00:RapidtraverseG01:LinearinterpolationG02:CircularinterpolationclockwiseG03:CircularinterpolationcounterclockwiseG70:MeasuringinInch(USA)G71:Measuringinmm(Othercountries)M03:SpindleONclockwiseM04:SpindleONcounterclockwiseM20:TailstockbackM21:TailstockforwardCNCPrg.Basics15G00,RapidTraverseAbsolutedimensionsofthetargetpointcoordinates:N030G90N040G00X48Z-26AnabsoluteXcoordinaterelatedtothediameter.Incrementaldimensionsofthetargetpointcoordinates:N030G91N040G00X-10,5Z-31ToolpositionX69Z5CNCPrg.Basics16G01,LinearInterpolationP0:toolpositionG90:N030G00X39Z2N040G01X39Z0N050G90N060G01X48Z-37G91:N030G00X39Z2N040G01X39Z0N050G91N060G01X4.5Z-37G01X…Z…CNCPrg.Basics17G90&G91CommandsG90G01X+140Z-90Targetpointabs.G91G01X+40Z-60Targetpointincr.PO:StartPointP1:TargetPoint