高级英语Lesson5修辞The Libido for the Ugly

FiguresofSpeechofL5TheLibidofortheUglyPresentedbyZENGYAO2012/11/30Theauthorpaintaverbalpictureoftheindustrialtownbybombastic(言过其实的)andacidtongue.Extensivederogatorywords.Twodevicesemployedtodepictthederogatoryimagery(贬损性的意象):•AblendofintensivefiguresofspeechTheme:TheinnateloveofuglinessinUSisapathological(病态的)problem.dreadful,hideous,bleak,appalling,forlorn,revolting,macabre,monstrousness,leprous,misshapen,dingy,loathsome,obscene,putrid,ghastly,leprous,uremic,eczematousRhetoricalDevicesHyperboleSarcasm,RidiculeandIronyAntitheticalcontrastSpeechContentsTheauthormakesfulluseoffiguresofspeechtocreatenauseating(恶心的)anddreadfulimagestoreinforcehisverbalattack.MetaphorandSimileSomeotherRhetoricalDevicesmentionedinthearticle:SpeechContentsParallelismrepetitionRhetoricalquestionInversionSynecdoche提喻transferredepithet(Para1)“theboastandprideoftherichestandgrandestnationeverseenonearth”(Para1)“Herewaswealth….disgracedaraceofallycats.（流浪猫）”(Para2)“Theunbrokenandagonizingugliness,thesheer（全然的）revoltingmonstrousnessofeveryhouseinsight.”(Para4)“theyhavethemostloathsome（令人厌恶的）townsandvillageseverseenbymortaleye.”(Para5)“Itisasifsometitanicandaberrant（异变的）genius,uncompromisinglyInimicaltoman,haddevotedalltheingenuity（精巧）ofHelltothemakingofthem.”AmomentousbuildinginMilan,ItalyDelayedanduncompletedprojects.重庆的囧楼AstarhotelinBeijingHyperboleinL5superlative仿佛某个离经叛道的大天才硬要与人类作对，倾尽地狱里所有的聪明才智造出这些丑陋的房屋。WhatarethecharacteristicsofHyperbole？DeliberateexaggerationEmphasizingHyperboleinL5:TheyamplifybothprosperityanduglinessofWestmoreland,whichprovokethecuriosityandimaginationofreaders.Adeliberateuseofoverstatementorexaggerationtoachieveemphasis.DefinitionofHyperbole:123contrastSarcasmRidiculeIronyTripletsTohurtwithmaliciousremarkTomakeunkindlyfunofToexpressdifferentmeaningsoppositefromliteralmeanings嘲弄讽刺反讽SarcasminL5(Para3)“Obviously,iftherewerearchitectsofanyprofessionalsenseordignityintheregion,theywouldhaveperfectedachalettohugthehillside”(Para5)“Iawardthischampionshiponlyafterlaboriousresearchandincessantprayer.”(Para5)“Theyareincomparableincolor,andtheyareincomparableindesign.”(Para6)“ButintheAmericanvillageandsmalltownthepullisalwaystowarduglinessandinthatWestmorelandvalleyithasbeenyieldedtowithaneagernessborderinguponpassion.”(Para6)“Itisincrediblethatmereignoranceshouldhaveachievedsuchmasterpiecesofhorror.”(Para8）“Theylikeitasitis:besideit,theParthenon（巴台农神庙）wouldnodoubtoffendthem.”Theyjusthatebeauty,astheylikeuglinessEvenarchitectstherehaveanpathologicalappetiteforugliness.RidiculeinL5(Para2)“asteelstadiumlikeahugerat-trapsomewherefurtherdowntheline.”(Para4)“Whenithastakenonthepatina（铜绿色）ofthemillsitisthecolorofanegglongpastallhopeorcaring.”(Para8)“theymadeitperfectintheirownsightby…ontopofit.”Theauthorunkindlylaughsattheoddcolorofhouses.IronyinL5(Para5)“Iawardthischampionshiponlyafterlaboriousresearchandincessantprayer.”(Para5)“Itisasifsometitanicandaberrantgenius,uncompromisinglyinimicaltoman,haddevotedalltheingenuityofHelltothemakingofthem.”(Para6)“Itisincrediblethatmereignoranceshouldhaveachievedsuchmasterpiecesofhorror.”ThebuildingsinWestmorelandisthemostterrible.Sarcasm,IronyandRidiculeSarcasm:makehurtwithobviousmalice(恶意)Ridicule:unkindlyjokeIrony：sayAindicatingBtocriticizeNuancesoftriplets(细微差别)caricatureItisthedeliberatearrangementofcontrastingwordsorideasinbalancedstructuralformstoachieveemphasis.Antitheticalcontrast:ContrastBalanceHighlightAntitheticalcontrastinL5(Para1)“HerewastheveryheartofindustrialAmerica…andherewasascenesodreadful…reducedthewholeaspirationofmantoamacabre（恐怖的）anddepressingjoke.”BalancedstructureContrastivemeanings(Para1)“Herewaswealthbeyondcomputation,….herewerehumanhabitationssoabominablethattheywouldhavedisgracedaraceofallycats.”MetaphorVSSimileSimile:1.Thetenorandvehicle(本体和喻体)areexposed.2.Indicatorofresemblances（比喻词）areindispensableMetaphor:Thecomparisonisimplied.Itseyeslookliketwolightbulb.Thislittlecatisapoetwithmelancholy（忧郁的）eyes.Definition•Simile：makesacomparisonbetweentwounlikeelementshavingatleastonequalityorcharacteristicincommonbyusinganindicatorofresemblance.(比喻词)•Metaphor:alsomakesacomparisonbetweentwounlikeelements,butthiscomparisonisimpliedratherthanstated.SimileinL5(Para2)“oneblinkedbeforethemasoneblinksbeforeamanwithhisfaceshotaway”(Para2)“setlikeadormer-window（天窗）onthesideofabareleproushill”(Para2)“asteelstadiumlikeahugerat-trapsomewherefurtherdowntheline.”(Para3)“Bythehundreds…likegravestonesinsomegigantic（巨大的）anddecayingcemetery.（腐烂的墓地)(Para2)“asteelstadiumlikeahugerat-trap”MetaphorinL5(Para1)“HerewastheveryheartofindustrialAmerica”(Para3)“theyburythemselvesswinishlyinthemud”(Para4)“Whenithastakenonthepatina（铜绿色）ofthemills（工厂）itisthecolorofanegglongpastallhopeorcaring.”(Para8)“Theeffectisthatofafatwomanwithablackeye.”(Para8)“ItisthatofaPresbyterian（长老会教徒）grinning.”像猪猡一样把自己埋在烂泥里当它被工厂排出来的煤烟覆盖时，它呈现出臭鸡蛋的铜绿色RhetoricalDevicesInversioninL5(Para.3)“Thistheyhaveconvertedintoathing….Low-pitchedroof.”(Para.5)“Butnowhereonthisearth,athomeorabroad,haveIseenanythingtocomparetothevillage…