中西文化差异(英文)

CulturaldifferencesbetweenChinaandItalytaly‘spubliceducationisfreeandcompulsoryfrom6–14yearsofage.Ithasafive-yearprimarystageandaneight-yearsecondarystage,dividedintofirst-gradesecondaryschool(middleschool)andsecond-gradesecondaryschool(orhighschool).Italyhasbothpublicandprivateeducationsystems.Primaryschoollastsfiveyears.Untilmiddleschool,thenormaleducationalcurriculumisuniformforall:althoughonecanattendaprivateorstate-fundedschool,thesubjectsstudiedarethesame,exceptinspecialschoolsforpupilswithdifferentcarerequirements.Secondaryeducation(Scuolemedie)isfurtherdividedintwostages:MedieInferiori,whichcorrespondtotheMiddleSchoolgrades,andMedieSuperiori,whichcorrespondtotheHighSchoollevel.ThelowertierofScuoleMediecorrespondstoMiddleSchool,laststhreeyears,andinvolvesanexamattheendofthethirdyear;ScuoleSuperioriusuallylastfiveyears(eventhoughIstitutiProfessionalimightofferadiplomaafteronlythreeyears).Everytierinvolvesanexamattheendofthefinalyearrequiredtoaccessthefollowingtier.Education©2016PPT001PowerPointMultipurposeTheme.AllRightsReserved.3列奥纳多·迪·皮耶罗·达·芬奇（意大利文原名：LeonardodiserPierodaVinci，儒略历1452年4月15日（公历4月23日）—1519年5月2日，享年67岁），意大利学者、艺术家。欧洲文艺复兴时期的天才科学家、发明家、画家。现代学者称他为“文艺复兴时期最完美的代表”，是人类历史上绝无仅有的全才，他最大的成就是绘画，他的杰作《蒙娜丽莎》、《最后的晚餐》、《岩间圣母》等作品，体现了他精湛的艺术造诣。他认为自然中最美的研究对象是人体，人体是大自然的奇妙之作品，画家应以人为绘画对象的核心。4伽利略（GalileoGalilei，1564-02-15-1642-01-08）。意大利数学家、物理学家、天文学家，科学革命的先驱。伽利略发明了摆针和温度计，在科学上为人类作出过巨大贡献，是近代实验科学的奠基人之一。历史上他首先在科学实验的基础上融汇贯通了数学、物理学和天文学三门知识，扩大、加深并改变了人类对物质运动和宇宙的认识。伽利略从实验中总结出自由落体定律、惯性定律和伽利略相对性原理等。从而推翻了亚里士多德物理学的许多臆断，奠定了经典力学的基础，反驳了托勒密的地心体系，有力地支持了哥白尼的日心学说。他以系统的实验和观察推翻了纯属思辨传统的自然观，开创了以实验事实为根据并具有严密逻辑体系的近代科学。因此被誉为“近代力学之父”、“现代科学之父”。其工作为牛顿的理论体系的建立奠定了基础EtiquettedifferencebetweenChinaandAmericaDuetothedifferenthistoryandcultureofChinaandtheUnitedStates,Thetwopeopleinthedecencycommunicationhabitshavemanydifferences.1.GreetingInAmerica,peopleoftenusethefollowingexpressionstogreeteachother“Goodmorning/evening/afternoon.“Fineday,isn’tit?”Howiseverythinggoing?”WhileinChina,wealwayssay“你吃了吗？”“你上哪里去？”“你干什么去？”toshowourconsideration.2.conversationIntheUnitedStates,donottalkaboutprivateaffairssuchasage,income,marriage,belief.ButinChina,Chinesepeopleonprivacyboundariesarenotsodeep.Theydonotcareaboutwhetherpeopleunderstandtheirgenerallife.Therefore,communicatewithAmericans,ifwedon’tpayattentiontothispoint,thepersonmaythinkthatwehaveulteriormotives,sometimesabusinessdealmaywasted.3.presentGenerally,Americansdon’tsendgifts.Whilesendgifts,theyusedtosendbooks,flowers,chocolatesandotherthingsnotveryexpensive.Theypaymoreattentiontothepackaging,sometimesbeautifullypackagedinsidejustafewpiecesofchocolate,theycaremoreaboutsincerity,ratherthanprice.ChinahasthistosayGoodthingsshouldbeinpairs,sotheChinesepeoplepayattentiontopairsgifts，andtheyaremorewillingtosendexpensivethingstoshowtheirsincerity.Intotal,therearealotofdifferencesbetweentheUSandChineseinetiquette.Soitisessentialtounderstandeachotheretiquettehabits,notonlyrespectforeachother,butalsotobringaconvenient.ArchitectureStyleDuringtheRomanRepublic,mostRomanbuildingsweremadeofconcreteandbricks,buteversinceabout100BCandtheRomanEmpire,marbleandgoldweremorewidelyusedasdecorationthemesinthearchitectureofRome,especiallyintemples,palaces,foraandpublicbuildingsingeneral.RomansmainlycopiedtheirordersfromtheCorinthianorders,theDoricordersandtheIonicorders.ThearchitecturestyleofS.P.Q.RRomeiswidelyregardedasbeingthecenterofBaroquearchitecture,andwasprofoundlyinfluencedbythemovement.BaroquearchitectureBaroquearchitectureBaroquearchitectureisthebuildingstyleoftheBaroqueera,beguninlate16th-centuryItaly,thattooktheRomanvocabularyofRenaissancearchitectureanduseditinanewfashion,oftentoexpressthetriumphoftheCatholicChurchandtheabsolutiststate.MaltaItalySpainPortugalRomaniaFranceNetherlandsEnglandPolish–LithuanianCommonwealthHolyRomanEmpireScandinaviaTurkey亭ting(Chinesepavilions)台tai(terraces)楼lou(Multistorybuildings)阁ge(Two-storypavilions)轩xuan(Verandaswithwindows)塔ta(Chinesepagodas)榭xie(Pavilionsorhousesonterraces)屋wu(Roomsalongroofedcorridors）ChinaarchitectureClothingHistoryLifestyleThoughtCulture01020304ReasonREDwhiteconservativecomfortablebodybeautyboldholypuretheReligiousDifferencesbetweenItaly＆China意大利与中国的宗教差异--by谭鑫辉Youmustknowthatherearesdifferencesbetweennoodles&spaghettiInadditiontothis,greatdifferencesalsolieinreligiousculturebetweenItalyandChinareligionsinItalyandChinaItaly(Catholiccountry)Catholicism（天主教）(morethan90%)Protestantism（基督新教）(morethan200thousand)Judasim（犹太教）(40thousand)Islam（伊斯兰教）EasternOethodoxy（东正教）veryfewBuddhism（佛教）China(multi-religiouscountry)6mianreligionsBuddhism（佛教）Taoism（道教）Islam（伊斯兰教）Catholicism（天主教）Christianism(基督教）Confucianist（儒家）CatholicisminItalyCatholicismclassPope（教皇）(264inall)Cardinal（红衣主教）Archbishop（大主教）Bishop（主教）Priest（神甫）Nun（修女）Religiouscareer281Catholicdioceses（天主教区）about2000Christianmiddleschools（教会中学）manyChristiancolleges（教会大学）ReligiousactivitiesmanagethewelfareaccordingtothelawhostlotsofreligiousceremoniesReligionsinChinaHerearenoreligiouseducation