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TheMillionPoundBankNote曲师大外国语学院崔晓婷2014.03.121.OliverbelievesthatwithamillionpoundbanknoteamancouldsurviveamonthinLondon.that,只起连接作用,不充当从句中任何成分(宾语从句)奥利佛认为,一个人靠一张百万英镑的钞票能在伦敦生活一个月。2.HisbrotherRoderickdoubtsit.doubt用于否定句或疑问句,其后用that引导宾语从句;用于肯定句时,其后用whether/if引导宾语从句。•eg.我确信你们会成功完成家庭作业。Idon’tdoubtthatyouwillsucceedinfinishinghomework.译:他(门卫)怀疑我是不是这个学校的老师。Hedoubtedif/whetherIwasthepracticeteacherofthisschool.我相信她是诚实的。Idon’tdoubtthatsheishonest.•3.Theyseeapennilessyoungmanwanderingonthepavementoutsidetheirhouse.复合结构seesb.doingsth.Wandering宾补,ing表示正在进行,徘徊、闲逛、漫步;注意力不集中,走神eg.他(门卫)在街上不停地来回闲逛。Hekeepswanderingupanddownthestreet.4.ItisHenryAdams,anAmericanbusinessman,whoislostinLondonanddoesnotknowwhatheshoulddo.belostin迷路,迷失what连接代词,连接主、宾从句。做从句中do的宾语。5.Permitmetoleadtheway,sir.请允许我带路,先生。permitsb.todosth.允许某人做某事permit(doing)sth.允许(做)某事eg.最终,他(门卫)允许我进来。Finally,Iwaspermittedtocomein.6.Iwonder,MrAdams,ifyou’dmindusaskingafewquestions?Notatall.Gorightahead.Iwonderif…我想能否。。。委婉提出请求mindus(our)asking…动名词的复合结构eg.你介意我开下门么?Doyoumindmyopeningthedoor?你介意我查下你的学生卡么?Wouldyoumindmycheckingyourstudentcard?goahead用于祈使句的回答,可以、往下说、用吧、干吧、请吧eg.MayIuseyourgun?Goahead.尽管天气不好,旅行将照常进行。Despitethebadweather,thejourneywillgoahead.•7.Mayweaskwhatyou’redoinginthiscountryandwhatyourplansare?and连接两个宾语从句,what在从句中做不同成分。8.Hiseyesstareatwhatisleftofthebrothers’dinneronthetable.what引导的名词性从句做介词at的宾语。what(连接代词)在从句中做主语。他瞥了一眼黑板上的字。Heglancedatwhatwaswrittenontheblackboard.•9.Well,towardsnightfallIfoundmyselfcarriedouttoseabyastrongwind.carriedout被动简单句,主语+谓语+复合宾语find+宾语+宾补动宾关系表示出乎意料的结果。eg.他一醒来就发现自己躺在医院里。Hefoundhimselflyinginthehospitalwhenhewokeup.•Hefoundhimselfwalkinginthedirectionofthepark.我们四处漫步后发现自己回到了酒店。Afterwanderingaroundwefoundourselvesbackatthehotel.10.Ididn’tknowwhetherIcouldsurviveuntilmorning.复合句:whether引导宾语从句,并作know的宾语。11.ThenextmorningI’djustaboutgivenmyselfupfor(being)lostwhenIwasspottedbyaship.复合句:when引导时间状语从句,并列连词。justaboutadv,即将,正要。•eg.我刚要走,他就来了。•Iwasjustaboutleaving/toleavewhenhecamein.她刚要去洗手间,上课铃就响了。Shewasjustaboutgoingtothebathroomwhenthebellrang.12.Well.ThefactisthatIearnedmypassagebyworkingasanunpaidhand,whichaccountsformyappearance.thefact为主语,that引导表语从句,不可省略,which引导非限制性定语从句,用来指代整个主句的内容。eg.Thefacthasworriedmanyscientists___theearthisbecomingwarmerandwarmertheseyears.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.though解析:C缺少同位语从句引导词,从句结构意义均完整。13.Ifthisisyourideaofsomekindofjoke,Idon’tthinkit’sveryfunny.否定转移,当主句主语是第一人称,并且一般现在时,谓语是think,believe,suppose,imagine,guess,except,consider等表示“认为、相信、猜测”等意义的动词后接宾语从句时,若从句表示否定,常将否定词not转移到主句。例:我认为他不是地球人。Idon’tthink(that)heisamanofearth.•注意:这类句子后若带有附加疑问句,应用肯定形式来反问,反问部分主语和从句保持一致。•Idon’tbelieveshehasfinishedthejob,___hasshe__?14.Nowifyou’llexcuseme,IthinkI’llbeonmyway.①will在条件状语从句中不表示将来,实际为情态动词,表示客气、委婉。条件状语从句一般现在时表示将来。②will将来时。15.That’swhywe’vegivenyoutheletter.James,showMrAdamsout.why引导表语从句,可做固定句式使用,why后接结果。showsb.out送某人出去,送客showsb.in带某人进来showsb.around带领某人参观例:老师带我们参观了教学楼。Teachersshowusaroundtheteachingbuilding16.Well,whydon’tyouexplainwhatthisisallabout?What引导宾语从句,在从句中做about的宾语。你为什么不跟我讲讲这究竟是怎么回事呢?跟踪练习1.Wedon’tpermit___inthehospital,sowedon’tpermityou___here,either.A.tosmoke;tosmokeB.smoking;smokingC.smoking;tosmokeD.tosmoke;smoking答案:C2.Hisparentsdiedinacaraccidentwhenhewasfive,sohewas__byhisuncle.A.broughtonB.broughtupC.broughtdownD.broughtin答案:Bbringon导致bringup养育培育bringdown使降低bringin引进、挣得3.Youdidn’tbotherme,___,Ilikeyourcompany.A.InotherwordsB.OnthecontraryC.ForonethingD.Ontheotherhand答案:B你没有打扰我,相反,我很喜欢你的陪伴。4.___ofcola___usedinthisplanteveryyear.•Aplenty;wasB.Largeamounts;wasC.Alargenumber;wasD.Alargeamount;was答案:Dalargeamount与largeamountsof修饰不可数名词做主语时,谓语动词形式取决于amount的单复数。Plentyof修饰可数名词和不可数名词,前无a;alargenumberof修饰可数名词复数。5.Theteacherpointedoutthemistakes___Ishouldpayattention.A.thatB.whichC.towhichD.when答案:Cpayattentionto注意。。。句中themistakes做先行词,towhichIshouldpayattention是定语从句。Grammar1.Iknowhim.2.Iknowwhoheis.主语谓语宾语(简单句)主语谓语宾语从句连词从句主语从句谓语主句(复合句)连接词(引导词)•1.当宾语从句是陈述句时(包括肯定句和否定句),连词由that引导,因为that在从句中不作任何成分,也没有任何具体意思,因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略。Kimisays(that)hewon’ttakepartinthesportsmeetingnextSunday.2.当宾语从句是一般疑问句时,由连词whether或if引导(口语中常用if),因为if/whether翻译成:“是否”,具有一定的意义,所以不能省略她问我能不能帮她翻译那个句子。Sheaskedmeif/whetherIcouldtranslatethesentenceforher.3.当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时,由连接代词(what,who,whom,which,whose)或连接副词(when,where,how,why)引导,因为连接代词或连接副词在从句中担任一定的句子成分,具有一定的意义,所以不可以省略Pleasetellmewho(whom)wehavetosee.Doyouknowwhattimetheplaneleaves?二、时态1.如果主句是现在的时态(包括一般现在时,现在进行时,现在完成时),从句的时态可根据实际情况而定,(包括一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时,现在完成时等)Iknowhelivedheretenyearsago.Ihaveheardthathewillcometomorrow.2.如果主句是过去的时态(包括一般过去时,过去进行时),那么从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态(包括一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时,过去完成时)Heaskedwhetherhisfatherwouldcomebacktomorrow.Hesaidthathehadseenit.3.当从句是客观真理,定义,公理,定理时用一般现在时。Theteachersaidthatthesuntravelsaroundtheearth.三、语序宾语从句的语序用陈述语序:连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分注意事项1.could/would是委婉语气,而不是过去式,因此宾语从句的时态根据实际情况用不同时态。Couldyoutelluswhichgatewehavetogoto?2.如果主句的谓语动词是ask时,连词不可能是that;如果主句的谓语动词是say时,连词用that3.如果从句中含有or或ornot时,只能用whether而不用if•Hesaid(that)hewasgoingtotakecareofthechild.•HeasksifIlikeplayingthepiano.4.连词+宾语
本文标题:The Million Pound Bank Note 百万英镑
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