7基本句型与句子结构

I、句子种类（按交际用途分）陈述句疑问句祈使句感叹句II、句子类型（按句子结构分）简单句并列句复合句疑问句的分类1）一般疑问句1.---Wouldyoulikesomemoresoup?---______.Itisdelicious,butI’vehadenough.（重庆06）A.Yes,pleaseB.No,thankyouC.NothingmoreD.I’dlikesome2..---Doyoumindmysmokinghere?---______.(四川)A.No,thanks.B.No.Goodidea.C.Yes,please.D.Yes.BetternotBD注意：---Haven’tyoubeentotheUK?---(1)_______,Ihavebeenthereforseveraltimes.---(2)_______,Ihaven’t.A.NoB.YesBA2）特殊疑问句1.—Howaboutseeingthenewmovieatthetheatretonight?—______,butI’vegottogoovermynotesfortomorrow’sexam.（重庆06）A.AllrightB.SoundsgreatC.Ican’tD.No,Iamterriblysorry.2.—It’salongtimesinceIsawmysister.—_______________herthisweekend?A.WhynotvisitB.whynottovisitC.WhynotvisitingD.Whydon’tvisitBAIhaven’theardfromHenryforalongtime.Whatdoyouthink________tohim?A.hashappenedB.washappeningC.tohappenD.happensA4）反义疑问句1.TomhardlyknowsFrench,____________?2Youneedn’tcome,______you?Youneedtocome,______you?4.Let’sgotothematchatonce,______we?Leavemealone,______you?doeshemustdon’tshallwill3）选择疑问句Whichdoyoulikebetter,theredoneortheblueone?感叹句的构成：How+adj.+主语+谓语！What+a/an+adj.+n.+主语+谓语！----_____rolesheplayedinthefilm！---NowondershehaswonanOscar.A.HowinterestingB.HowaninterestingC.WhatinterestingD.WhataninterestingD1.五种基本句型2.Therebe句型3.句子的扩展1.ImetmybestfriendTomatthestationyesterday.↓主语↓谓语↓定语↓宾语↓同位语↓状语1.主＋谓2.主＋谓＋宾3.主＋系＋表4.主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾5.主＋谓＋宾＋宾补英语5种基本句型1.主语+谓语1.Thebooksellswell.2.Thepenwritessmoothly.谓语动词由主动形式表达被动意义，因为___________________________。动词表达主语的特性2.主+谓+宾Wecan’taffordtopaysuchaprice.•Wouldyoumindwaitingafewminutes?•IhopethatIhavesaidnothingtopainyou.此处谓语是_________动词及物tips很多动词都有及物与不及物两种用法：如sell,wash,burn,cook,open,write,run,read,etc.Translatethefollowing,1.他在洗衣服。2.他的衣服好洗。Heiswashinghisclothes.Hisclotheswasheasily.3.主语+系词+表语1.Hisplanistokeeptheaffairsecret.2.Myjobisrepairingcars.3.Thequestioniswhatyouwanttodo.13常见的系动词大致可分为三类。第一类：表示特征或状态的，be，look，feel，seem，appear，smell，taste，sound，turnoutHowsweetthemusicsounds!Thedayturnedout(tobe)afineone.Itisgettingwarmerandwarmer.Itgrewdark.Thefoodhasgonebad.第二类：表示从一种状态到另一种状态的变化，有become，get，grow，turn，fall，go，come，等。14第三类：表示保持状态的，有keep，remain，continue等。.Theweathercontinuedfineforalongtime.天气持续晴朗了好长时间。系动词没有被动Theflowers_______sweetinthebotanicgardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofnature.(04上海)A.smeltB.smellingC.tobesmeltB1.Wedon’tcareifahuntingdogsmells______,butwereallydon’twanthimtosmell_______.（1995上海卷）A.well;wellB.bad;badC.well;badlyD.badly;bad2.---Youdon'tlookvery___.Areyouill?---No,I'mjustabittired.(2003北京春招)A.goodB.wellC.strongD.healthyDB3.Whydon'tyouputthemeatinthefridge?Itwill______freshforseveraldays.（NMET2003）A.bestayedB.stayC.bestayingD.havestayed4.Becarefulwhenyoucrossthisverybusystreet,ifnot,youmay_____runoverbyacar.（2002北京卷）A.haveB.getC.becomeD.turnBB4.主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语1.Hehandedmealetter.Hehandedaletter_______.2、Shecookedusadeliciousmeal.Shecookedadeliciousmeal______.3、Canyouinformme__________________?(格林小姐住在哪里吗)tomeforuswhereMissGreenlives动词后接双宾语，_____是间接宾语，______是直接宾语；而且，直接宾语也可以由______充当人物从句•常跟双宾语的动词有：（需借助to的）bring,give,lend,hand,offer,pass,pay,promise,return,send,show,teach,tell,write,ask等；•（需借助for的）buy,call,cook,choose,draw,find,get,make,order,sing,save,spare等。4.主语+谓语+宾语+宾补1.Hefoundhisnewjob_______(令人厌倦).2.Whatdoyouadviseme________?(做什么)3.Wewanttheplan_______________immediately.(执行）4.Iwanttogetmyhair______short.(理发）5.Hehadus_________allthroughthemeal.（笑）boringtodotobecarriedoutcutlaughing1.Hefelt__________tomentionthistoher.(这是他的职责)2.Ithink________thatyoushouldstaywithus.(这个明智)ithisdutyitwise二、therebe句型1.Therearealotofdifficulties__________.(面对我们)2.Thereweremanythings_________.(要去做)3.Thereare25students__________________.(在操场上玩球)facingustobedone3.Youwouldn’twant_________anotherwar.4.Theteacherwassatisfiedwith___________nomistakesinhishomework.5.__________nothingelsetodo,wewenthome.theretobetherebeingTherebeingplayingfootballontheplayground三.句子的扩展Westudiedhard.我们努力学习。（简单句，主谓）日夜地dayandnight我们考试没有及格。Wefailedintheexam.我们日夜地努力学习，但是考试没有及格。Westudiedharddayandnight,butwefailedintheexam.尽管我们日夜地努力学习，但是考试没有及格。（主从复合句）Thoughwestudiedharddayandnight,wefailedintheexam.并列句1.他的话是正确的。2.他坚持我向他道歉。3.这就是你的错误。Hiswordsareright.Whathesaidisright.Heinsistedonmyapologytohim.HeinsistedthatIshouldapologizetohim.Thisisyourmistake.Thisiswhereyoumadeamistake.主语从句宾语从句表语从句4.他的建议被拒绝了。Hissuggestionwasrefused.他的周末去远足的建议被拒绝了。Hissuggestionthatweshouldgohikingattheweekendwasrefused.同位语从句5.他是一个好孩子。Heisagoodboy.他是一个人人都喜欢的好孩子。Heisagoodboy(who/whom/that)everyonelikes.定语从句引申与增补选择转折对比因果and,notonly…butalsoor,either…orbut,yetwhilefor,so并列句1.Noddingtheheadmeansagreement,_______shakingitmeansdisagreement.2.Mypronunciationisnotverygood______Ipractisereadingeveryday.3.Ineverfeltreallycomfortableabroad,_____ImissedeverythingaboutChina.4.Thrillridescanalsosendyouhighintospace____deepdownintheocean.5.Minzhiwantstogototown,____shecan’taffordtobuyabusticket.sowhileandorbut链接高考1.（山东卷2005）Thecountrylifehewasusedto______greatlysince1992.A.changeB.haschangedC.changingD.havechanged2.Justafterputtingawaythedishes_______.A.thedoorbellrang•B.Nancyheardthedo