燃煤锅炉计算机监控系统的开发

河北工业大学硕士学位论文燃煤锅炉计算机监控系统的开发姓名：陈冀川申请学位级别：硕士专业：电力系统及其自动化指导教师：张福民20071201iTHEDEVLOPMENTWITHTHECOMPUTERMONITORINGANDCONTROLSYSTEMOFCOALBOILERABSTRACTTheboilerisakindofimportantequipmentsincoal-burningpowerplantsandheatingofcity.Aintelligentboilercontrolsystem,basedonIPC-PLC-distributedI/O,hasbeendesignedforcoalboiler.Thesystemincludesfieldcontrolsystem,computersupervisionsystem,controlalgorithm.Thispaperintroducesthehardwareconfigurationofsystemsandthesoftwareachievementoffunctions.ThefieldcontrolsystemiscomposedbythePROFIBUS-DPfieldbuscontrolsystemwiththeSIEMENSS7-300PLCandtheET200MdistributedI/O.ThesystemisprogrammedbySTEP7.ProgrammedwithSTLandLAD,thesoftwarepartoffieldcontrolsystemmakestheauto-controlavailable,includingprogramstartandstop,catenationprotect,PIDcontrol,burningcontroletc.Theindustrialpersonalcomputer(IPC),withhighstabilizationandanti-jammingperformance,hasbeenselectedasuppercomputer.TheHumanMachineInterface(HMI)hasbeendesignedbySIEMENSWinCCtosupervise,logandcontroltherealtimedata.Theintelligentcontrolalgorithm,designedforthechain-gratecoalboiler,ismadeoftheFuzzycontrolalgorithmforthetemperatureofwatereffusedfromtheboiler,theboilerthermalefficiencyonlinecontrolalgorithmandtheair-coalratioself-adaptiveandonlineautomaticcontrolalgorithm.TheintelligentcontrolalgorithmisprogrammedbytheGlobalScriptofWinCCandexecutedbythePLC.Withtheintelligentcontrolalgorithmandothercontrolalgorithms,pressurecontrolalgorithmofthehearth,pressurecontrolalgorithmofthewateroutoftheboilerandisobaricwater-suppliedcontrolalgorithm,thegoalthattheoperationoftheboilerissafe,economicalandenvironmentprotection,isavailable.Intheboilercontrolsystem,theregularcontrolsandcomputerintelligentcontrolarealliiiexecutedbyPLCanddistributedI/O,thehuman-computerinterface,technologicalflow,equipmentconditionssurveillance,advancedintelligentalgorithm,managementandsoonareallachievedbyIPC.Theentiresystemnotonlymakefulluseoftheadvantagesoftheeachequipment,satisfyallrequirementsofthetechnicalcontrol,butalsoimprovetheAutomationstandardsoftheboiler.Keywords:PLC,IPC,industrialEthernet,fieldbus,Boilercontrol,intelligencecontrol1§1-1[1]10t/h[2][3][4][30][5][6][7][8]2[9]§1-2[2][2]§1-3PLCPID3§2-12040506070(IPC)(DCS)DCSDCS()()()()(PLC)DCS4DCS[10](FCS)FCSDCSPLCPLCPLC()PLCIPCDCS[14][10]§2-2[1][12][13]IPCPLC(CPU)IPC-PLCDCS2.1PLCS7-300PLC[15][16][17]CPUCPU315-2DPPLCPLCSIMATICStep72.1Fig.2.1ThediagramofboilercontrolsystemPROFIBUS-DPS7-3001#S7-3002#S7-3003#ET200M1#2#3#SwitchX2085PIDPLCIPCSIMATICWinCCPLC[18]PLCI/OET200MDPPROFIBUSDPPLC3#[19][20]400V[21]§2-3[22][23]PIDPID2.2/PID2.2Fig.2.2Theblockdiagramofboilerwatertemperaturecontrol6PIDPLC§2-4[24][25][22]:⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧∆+−=−−=−=)()1()()1()()()()()(nununutnenenenTnTnewdw&(2.1)(2.1)Tw(n)Twd(n)u(n)t2.3EEcU2.3Fig.2.3ThediagramoffuzzycontrolmodulestructureEEcecU7[9]:QQ1=η(2.2)(2.2)Q1Q,)%(165432qqqqq++++−=η(2.3)(2.3)q2q3q4q5q6[6]4TRεδ=(2.4)(2.4)RTtt8PLCSTEP75.2PLC§3-1[28][29][30]PROFIBUS-DPSIEMENSS7-300PLCI/OSIMATICET200MS7-300SIEMENSPLCPLCS7-300I/O32DINCPU1024DI/O128AI/O16384DI/O2048AI/OI/OPCSIMATICET200MI/O[31][32][33]8S7-300CPFM256I/OHARTHARTHIM153-2ET200MIM153ET200MI/ODPCPUET200MI/O/9PLC(DI)23(DO)7(AI)14(AO)4PID4PS307324V5APLCCPUI/OCPU[34][35]CPU315-2DP64KB96KB4M(MMC)1024/8192DI/DO(/)256/512AI/AO(/)0.3s204864128CPUPROFIBUS-DP12Mbps64DP23.8km(16OLM)PG/OPPROFIBUS-DPS7[28]SM32116DI16DC24VSM32388DI8/DO8DC24V/0.5ASM331[36]4AI812bit8AI812bit2AI212bit12bitS7-300CPUSM3324AO412bit12bitSTEP7CP343-1[37][38]SIMATICS7-300PLC10/100Mbit/sISOTCP/IPPG/OPS7I/OIM153-1[39]ET200MI/OPROFIBUS-DPCPUDPCP1613[40][41][42][43]CP343-1PLCPLCCP1613PLC10CPUDP(DP)ET200MI/OPROFIBUSDPCPUCPUMPI3.1KWRN2231WZP2231WZP23101.6MPa3.1Fig.3.1ThediagramofhardwareconfigandnetworkstructureSCALANCEX2001104000Pa-200200PaIFM4080K4-20mADCPLC0-10V4-20mA1-5VSTEP74-20mAPLC4-20mADCPLC4-20mADCPLC400V[21]PLCPLC220VPLC§3-2STEP7PLCSTEP7SIMATICWIN98/2000/NTWindowsPLCSTEP73.2STEP7STEP7(Project)(1)(2)STEP7()SIMATIC(SIMATICManager)SIMATICManagerSIMATICManagerSIMATICManagerSTEP7(Input/Output)(BitMemory)(Block)12PLCCPUI/OLAD(LadderLogic)STL(StatementList)FBD(FunctionBlockDiagram)LADSTEP7STLSTEP7CPUFBDSTEP7PLCNetPro[47]STEP7STEP7PLCCPUPLC3.2Fig.3.2Theflowchartofestablishtheautomationproject13SIMATICManagerFileNewProjectWizardNewProjectNextCPUCPU315-2DPNextOBOB1STLNextProjectname1#FinishSIMATICManager3.32#3#3#PROFIBUS-DP1#SIMATIC300StationHardware1CPU234118CP343-14CPUCPUCPUOB35100ms160000ms500ms56AI812Bit87AI212Bit28AO412Bit3.3Fig.3.3TheProjectestablishedbyWizard1449DI16DC24V1610DI8/DO8DC24V/0.5A883.42#3#3#DPET200MI/O3#3#DP3#PROFIBUSDP3#DPDP3.5PROFIBUSGeneralNetworkedPROFIBUSinterfaceDP3.6ParametersNewPROFIBUS3.41#Fig.3.4Theconfigdiagramof1#boilermasterframe3.5DPFig.3.5ThedialogboxofDPproperties153.7OKPROFIBUS3.83.7PROFIBUSFig.3.7ThedialogboxofnewsubnetPROFIBUS3.6PROFIBUSinterfaceDPFig3.6ThedialogboxofPROFIBUSinterfaceDPproperties163#PROFIBUSDPPROFIBUS-DPDPPROFIBUSDPIM1531-1ET200M3.8DPFig3.8TheprojectwithDPmaster3.9PROFIBUSDPFig.3.9ThehardwareconfigurationofPROFIBUSDPslave17ET200MIM153I/OS7-