55湖泊水生植物管理方案探讨

:,,1977,,3(No12002CB412307);(No12002AA601013)31,2,321222(1.,100083;2.,100012;3.,246011),3,,,,ManagementofmacrophytesinlakesChenShuqin1,2,3,XuQiujin2,HuSherong1,JinXiangcan2,YanChangzou2,WangXingmin2.(1.ChinaUniversityofMiningandTechnology,Beijing100083;2.ChineseResearchAcademyofEnvironmentalSciences,Beijing100012;3.AnqingNormalCollege,AnqingAnhui246011)Abstract:Basedondistribution,diversityandquantityofmacrophytes,lakesaredividedintothreetypes:ex2cessive2growthlake,appropriate2growthlakeandnegative2growthlake.Thethreetypesoflakesarepresentedwiththeircharacteristics,problemsandcorrespondingsolutions.Effectivemacrophytesmanagementprogramsandtheas2sociatedpremises,protectionandcontrolmeasures,andimplementationschemesareproposedforimprovingqualityofmacrophytesinlakes,especiallyeutrophiclakes.Keywords:LakeMacrophytesManagement,1989-1993131,28,2114%,61,4615%,3211%[1]20056,,26,7311%,,2619%,[2],,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,Car2volho[3]Rostherne,,,Welch[4]Moses,1977,812m3/s,183d,0146%,5180%,,707,,,1985,,,19983,Chla,,[528],,,2,,,211,1m,3kg/m2;1m,2kg/m2,[9],414%,,TP011mg/L,TNTP10,1/2,,1210kg/m2[10],,,,,(1)(2),,McQueen[11],,,,1001,50%(3),,,,,,,,,2121516%,,21211(1),,,,,,,(2),,,,[12],10001(3),,,,,[13](4):,,,(5),807289200695,(ElodeaNuttallii),,,[14]21212,,,,5%10%,,,,,,213(),80%,,,,,,,21311(1),,,[15](2)(),,(3),,,,,(4),,(5),(6)21312,,,,21313(1)()4:,r2,(),;,(),;,(),,();,,(2),,1190721314(1),,,,,,,,(2),,,,3(1),(2),,,,(3),,,(4),,,,,,,()[1],,.[J].,1998,9(3):83290.[2].[M].:,2001:1432144.[3]CarvolhoL,BekliogluM,MossB.Changesinadeeplakefol2lowingsewagediversionachallengetotheorthodoxyofex2ternalphosphoruscontrolasarestorationstrategy[J].Fresh2waterBiology,1995,34(2):3992410.[4]WelchEB,BarbieroRP,BouchardDI,etal.Laketrophicstatechangeandconstantalgalcompositionfollowingdilutionanddi2version[J].EcologicalEngineering,1992(1):1732197.[5]BoydCE.()[M].,.:,1975:1213.[6],.(Potamogetoncrispus)[J].,1991,11(4):4112416.[7],,,.(Potamogetoncrispus)[J].,1994,14(2):1682173.[8]MeijerM,HosperH.EffectsofbiomanipulationinthelargeandShallowLakeWolderwijd[M].Netherlands:Hydrobiolo2gia,1997:3352349.[9],,,.()[M].:,1995:2712296.[10].[J].,2002(2):326.[11]McQueenDJ,PostJR,MillsEL.Trophicrelationshipsinfreshwaterpelagicinteractions[J].Verh.Intern.Verein.Lim2nol.,1986,23:7392747.[12],.[J].,1996,7(1):83288.[13],,.[J].,1999,11(4):3632367.[14],.[J].,1996,16(2):1012106.[15],,,.[J].,1997,9(2):1592167.:(:2005210228)9200691,:(),()()211920,,,20018,(),,,8,1901728920069