山东自考英语二 unit3 books

Unit3TextABooks1.acquirev.学得（知识，技术）；养成（习惯，行为，嗜好）e.g.SheacquiredaknowledgeofEnglish.acquireahabitofsmokingacquisitionn.获得，取得，习得形近词辨析1).requirev.要求2).inquirev.打听，询问NewWords2.consistentadj.一致的，调和的，坚固的(05/7)e.g.Areyouaconsistentmaninyourfeeling?Hisactionisnotconsistentwithhiswords.consistvi(由部分、因素)组成，构成(of)；与···一致，相容，并存，符合(with)NewWords3.literateadj.有文化的，有阅读能力和写作能力的n.学者literacyn.识字，有文化，能读能写illiterateadj.没文化的Dothechildrenofhighly(literacy)parentshaveanadvantageatschool?4.dip(dipped,dipping)浸，泡，浏览dipinto浏览，翻阅，稍加研究literateNewWords5.advancevt&vi预付，提出，前进，提前inadvance在前头；预先，实现；提前advancementn.提前，预付Thepublisherdidn’tadvancethepricesofbooksbecauseofthehighpriceofpaper.6.boren.令人讨厌的人，怒潮vt.使厌烦boringadj.令人讨厌的，令人厌烦的boredadj.讨厌的，厌烦的beboredtodosth.厌烦做某事beboredwithsb./sth.厌烦某人或某事7.availabilityn.可用，可用的东西availableadj.可用的，可得到的；有空的，不忙的Theready(available)ofgunshasledtotheincreasingviolence.availabilityNewWords8.curiousadj.好奇的，求知的，古怪的e.g.Childrenarenaturallycuriousabouteverythingaroundthem.becurioustodosth极想做某事e.g.I’mcurioustoknowwhathappenedtohimyesterday.curiosityn.好奇心NewWords9.emergevi.显现，浮现，暴露，形成emergentadj.紧急的，浮现的，突然出现的emergencen.出现，发生，暴露10.violencen.暴力，暴行，猛烈，强烈violentadj.狂暴的，剧烈的，猛烈的，（程度）厉害的，极端的NewWords11.hatredn.憎恨，敌意，仇恨hatevt.憎恨，仇恨12.ideallyadv.理想地，在观念上地，完美地ideal=perfectadj.理想的，完美的Para.1.Knowledgemaybeacquiredthroughconversation,watchingtelevisionortraveling,butthedeepestandmostconsistentwayisthroughreading.知识可以通过交谈、看电视或旅游来获得，但最深入、最经常的途径是读书。Ifweconsidertheliteratepopulationoftheworld,wemayconcludethatafewspendtheirwholelivesonacademicreading;1.spendv.花费spend/take/cost/pay都有“花费”的意思，但用法不同①spend的主语必须是人sbspendtime/moneyonsth某人在···上花费时间（金钱）。sbspendtime/money(in)doingsth.花费时间（金钱）做某事sbspendmoneyforsth.花钱买···TextAnalysis②take后面常跟双宾语，且主语多为形式主语itIttakes/tooksb.+时间+todosth做某事花了某人多少时间Ittakes/took+时间+forsbtodosth③cost的主语是物或某种活动sth.costs/cost(sb.)+金钱某物花了（某人）多少钱（doing）sth.costs/cost+时间.做某事花了（某人）多少时间TextAnalysis④pay的主语一般是人A.pay(sb.)moneyforsth.付钱（给某人）买···B.payforsth.付···的钱e.g.Ihavetopayforthebooklost.我不得不赔偿丢失的书款。C.payforsb.替某人付款e.g.Don’tworry.I’llpayforyou.别担心，我会给你付钱的。D.paysb.付钱给某人e.g.Theypayuseverymonth.E.paymoneyback还钱F.payoffone’smoney还清钱manyreadsomethinglightforpleasure,afewdipintosomethingmoreseriousnowandthen;whileverymanymen,womenandchildrenneveradvancebeyondthesportspageofanewspaper,afashionarticleoracomic.多数人只是看些闲书消遣；时常浏览一些比较严肃读物的人也是少数；而更多的男人、妇女和儿童只看报纸上的体育新闻、时装介绍或连环漫画。Para.2.Ifyouhavelearnttolovebooksasachild,thereadinghabitwillneverdesertyou.Butifthishasnotbeenyourgoodfortune,youtendtothinkofreadingasabore.2.sbthinkofsomethingas把···看做是，以为···是regard…as把···看做是如果从小就学会爱读书，那么你会永远保持读书的习惯，但如果你没有这种好运气养成爱读书的习惯，你就会认为读书是件讨厌的事。Afew,butveryfew,cometothehabitlateinlife.Thecircumstanceswhichhelptosetachildonthepathtotheliteraryadventureare:3.cometo达到（某种状况，尤指坏的结局）；总数为；苏醒；谈到4.setsbonthepathto…使某人走上什么道路有一些人，为数不多，直到晚年才养成爱读书的习惯。有助于使儿童走上读书道路的环境是：alifeevenbarelyaboverealpoverty,sothatthereisscopeinthefamilyforthoughtsandactivitiesnotwhollydevotedtothestruggleformakingaliving;5.barelyadv.仅仅，刚刚，勉强可能e.g.Hecouldbarelyreadandwrite.6.scopen.(做或实现某事的)机会，能力7.devotetosth/doingsth致力于某事/做某事makealiving谋生，以···为生theavailabilityoffreebookseitherathomeorinapubliclibrary;andthepossessionofacharacterbothcuriousandindependent．或者家中有书，或者可在公共图书馆借书，做到看书不花钱；本人具有求知欲和独立性。8.independentadj.独立的independencen.独立Para.3.Inordertodesiretoreadonemustbecurious.一个人想读书，必须有求知欲。9.inorderto为了（后跟动词原形）10.desirevt.希望，渴求，请求n.愿望，欲望，希望，请求desiretodosth希望/渴求做某事；desiresb.todosth希望某人做某事Idesiretotakealongjourneyaroundtheworld.Idesireallofyoutopassthefollowingexamination.Afewchildrenareabletokeepthiscuriosityandtheirmentalindependencealivedespitetheeducationalsystemoftheircountry.少数儿童不论他们国家的教育制度如何，始终能够保持这种求知欲和思想上独立性。Butmanyfailtodosoeitherbecauseofanoverstrictsystemwherewhatismostimportantismemorywork;orbecauseofacarelessandlazyonewhereeventhebasicdisciplinesofliteracyareignoredinthesacrednameoffreeexpression.但多数儿童却做不到这一点,这要么是由于教育制度过于严格，把死记硬背看作天下第一号大事；要么是由于教育制度松散、使人怠惰，在“自由表达”的神圣旗帜下，甚至连读书写字这样的基本要求也被忽视。11.inthenameof以···的名义，代表···Itisawonderthatatleastafewchildrensurvivetheirschoolingandemergeaspeoplewhocanthink,peoplewhoareopen-mindedandknowledgeable.12.knowledgeableadj.博学的，有见识的，知识渊博的e.g.Sheisveryknowledgeableaboutplants.knowledgen.知识，了解，理解Para.4.Thus,variouscircumstancesarenotfavorableforthereadinghabit.Andwemayaddtothistheworldwideatmosphereofviolenceandanarchy,theNewDarkAgeinwhichwelivetoday.13.befavorableforsth/sb有利于…14.addto增加，加强因此，不利于培养阅读习惯的环境是各种各样的，我们对此还可加一条，那就是遍及全世界的暴力行为和无政府状态——我们现在就生活在其中的新黑暗时代。Manyofusnolongerhavethepeaceofmindnecessarytoaquiethourwithabook.Butitispreciselybecauseofourpresenttroublesthatweshouldread.我们很多人再也没有静下来读上一小时书所必需的那种心情了。然而正是由于当前存在的各种问题，我们更应该读书。TextAnalysis15.Itis/was…that强调句型Itis/was+被强调部分（主语、宾语或状语）+that/who（当强调主语且主人指代人）+其它部分e.g.ItwasthreeweeksagothatwebeganourEnglishclass.e.g.ItisMissLiuwhoisourEnglishteacher.e.g.Itisthestudentswhoaresingingintheclassroom.Itis/was…that强调句型的变型TextAnalysis①一般疑问句的强调句型Is/Was+it+被强调部分+that/who+其它部分？Isitthestudentswhoaresingingintheclassroom?②特殊疑问