John Donne诗歌隐喻赏析

AValediction:ForbiddingMourning——JohnDonne(1572-1631)KEYWORDSMetaphysicalschoolConceitsMetaphorsLovelyricsBriefIntroductiontohislife•BorninaRomanCatholicfamimily.•ReceivedhiseducationatOxfordandCambridge.•In1601,heelopedwithAnnMoreandwascastintoprisonbyherfather.•In1615,hegaveuphisCatholicfaithandbecameanAnglicanpriest.•In1621,hewasappointedtheDeanofSt.Paul'sCathedral•byKingJamesI.•GOandcatchafallingstar,•去吧，去抓一颗流星•Getwithchildamandrakeroot,•去让曼德拉草的根长成婴儿•Tellmewhereallpastyearsare,•告诉我，哪里可以找回逝去的年华•Orwhocleftthedevil'sfoot,谁能劈开恶魔的脚趾•Teachmetohearmermaidssinging,•教我去听美人鱼的歌声•Ortokeepoffenvy'sstinging,•或者避开嫉妒者的诽谤•Andfind•Whatwind•找到那•Servestoadvanceanhonestmind.(1-9)•可以提高老实人地位的风•Ohstay,threelivesinonefleaspare•噢，住手！一只跳蚤可是三条生命啊•Wherewealmost,naymorethanmarriedare.•它的身体不仅是见证我们的婚约•ThisfleaisyouandI,andthis•还是你和我•Ourmarriagebedandmarriagetempleis;•我们的婚床和婚姻的殿堂•Thoughparentsgrudge,andyou,wearemet,•尽管父母怨恨，你不情愿，我们还是相遇•Andcloisteredintheselivingwallsofjet.•并躲藏在黝黑的生命之墙里•Thoughusemakeyouapttokillme•尽管你会习惯的拍死跳蚤•Letnottothat,self-murderaddedbe,•千万别，这会杀了我，也会增加你的自杀之罪•Andsacrilege,threesinsinkillingthree•杀害三条生命会亵渎神明BackgroundofThePoem•JohnDonnewrotethispoemforhiswifeuponlivingforFrancein1611.Thispoemdoesn’thavemuchwritingrhetoric,butjustlikehisotherlovepoems,itsreasoninganddebateoflyricalwhimareabundant.AValediction:ForbiddingMouringAsvir/tuousmen/passmildly/away,Andwhi/spertotheir/souls,/togo,Whilstsome/oftheir/sadfriends/dosay,Thebreath/goesnow,/andsome/say,No:正如有德行的人安详别世，轻声向灵魂辞安，悲伤的友人或伤逝，叹其气绝魂离，亦有说不然Donnewasfascinatedbydeathbecausehebelievedthatwasthepointatwhichthebodyandsoulpartedways.Inthiscase,thedyingmanisabletowhisperhissouloutofhismortalbodyandontoheaven.•Solet/usmelt,/andmake/nonoise,•Notear-floods,/norsigh-tem/pestsmove;•'Twerepro/fana/tionof/our/joys•Totell/thelaity/our/love.•就让我们轻声说话，不要喧哗，•不要泪涌如潮，不要凄声哀鸣；•那是对我们欢乐的亵渎，•让俗人知道我们的爱。1.profanation:blasphemousbehaviour;degradationofsomethingworthyofrespect.2.laity:onewhoisnotaclergyman.•Moving/ofth'earth/bringsharms/andfears;•Menre/ckonwhat/itdid,/andmeant;•Buttre/pida/tionof/thespheres,•Thoughgrea/terfar,/isin/nocent.•地动带来伤害，叫人害怕，•人们推其为断其意；•天体震动，虽然威力更大，•却对什么都没有损伤Donnecontrastsearthlynaturaldisasterswiththebigger,grandermotionsoftheheavenlybodies(planets,stars)•Dullsub/luna/rylo/vers'love•(Whosesoul/issense)/cannot/admit•Absence,/because/itdoth/remove•Thosethings/whichel/emen/tedit.•乏味的凡情俗爱•（感官为上）最忌•别离，因为情人分开，•爱的根基就会破碎支离。sublunary:belowthemoon,i.e.,earthlyadmit:stand•Butwe/byalove/somuch/refin'd,•Thatour/selves/knownot/whatitis,•Inter/-assured/ofthemind,•Careless,/eyes,lips,/andhands/tomiss.•但我们的爱纯净无比，•我们自己也不知那是什么东西，•打心里头相互信任，•不在乎肉体分离。refin'd:purifiedHereDonnerefersthathisloveisn'ttaintedbythemerephysicalaffection•Our/twosouls/therefore,/whichareone,•ThoughI/mustgo,/endure/notyet•Abreach,/butanex/pansion,•Likegold/toai/rythin/nessbeat.•因而，我俩灵魂合一，•我纵须远离，不违爱诺，•而是一种延展，•宛如黄金锻展成轻飘韧箔。breach:breaking;heremeansseparationexpansion:Thesimileofbeatinggoldintoverythinsheetsisusedtodescribetheparting•Ifthey/betwo,/theyare/twoso•Asstiff/twincom/passes/aretwo;•Thysoul,/thefixt/foot,makes/noshow•Tomove,/butdoth,/ifthe'o/therdo.•就算是两个吧，两个也是•和一副两脚的圆规情况相同•你的灵魂是定脚，固定不移•但另一只脚移动，你便随之转动。•Andthough/itin/thecen/tresit,•Yetwhen/theo/therfar/dothroam,•Itleans,/andhear/kensa/fterit,•Andgrows/erect,/asthat/comeshome.•虽然一只脚坐镇中心，•但当另一只脚在外游离，•它就侧过身去倾听，•当那只脚回到家，它又把腰杆直起。。hearkens:leansasiflisteningtoattentively•Suchwilt/thoube/tome,/whomust•Liketh'o/therfoot,/obli/quelyrun;•Thyfirm/nessmakes/mycir/clejust,•Andmakes/meend,/whereI/begun.•这就是你和我的关系，我必须，•像另一只脚，斜走侧踮，•你的坚定能使我的圆圈圆得完美，•让我的游离结束在我开始的地点。obliquely:slantinglyjust:completeThefootthatdrawsthecircumferencereturnstothefootsittingatthecentreafteracircleisdown,whichimpliedthatthepoetwillreturntohisloverafterthejourney.Thankyou