Book3 Unit3宾语从句表语从句

宾语从句和表语从句RelatedConception(相关概念)1.名词:表示人或事物的名称的词叫名词。2.名词在句子当中一般可以作什么成分?名词在句中主要作主语、表语、宾语和同位语。1.Henryisabusinessman.主语表语2.Henry,abusinessman,receivedamillionpoundbanknote.主语同位语宾语名词性从句主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句主语从句在句中做------宾语从句在句中做------表语从句在句中做------同位语从句在句中-----主语宾语表语同位语•WhatmadeHenrypuzzledwasunknown.主语从句•Thetwobrothersthinkthatit’sveryfunny.宾语从句•ThefactisthatIearnedmypassagebyworkingasanunpaidhand,which...表语从句•Whatmakesmeadmirehermostisthatshealwaysbelievesthatshe’sthebestathleteintheworld.•宾语从句（TheObjectClause）宾语从句在复合句中起______作用，可以作动词的宾语，也可以作介词的宾语。宾语从句必须用_____语序。引导宾语从句连词：that，if，whether；(在从句中不作任何成分)连接代词：who,whom,which,what，whatever,whoever等(在从句中作主语/宾语/表语)连接副词：when,where,how,why等(在从句中作状语)宾语陈述1.HenryAdamsdoesnotknowwhatheshoulddo.(what在从句中作宾语)2.Doyouknowwhowillbesenttoworkthere?（who在从句中作主语）3.Canyoufindoutwhosewalletitis?(whose在从句中作定语)4.Haveyoudecidedwhereyoushouldhaveyourholidays?（where在从句中作地点状语）5.Shealwaysthinkofhowshecandomorefortheclass.（how在从句中作方式状语）6.CanIspeakwhoeverishere?(作主语)7.Henrydidn’tgiveusanyreasonaboutwhyhehadbeenlateforthemeeting.(作原因状语)一.that引导的宾语从句1.Oliverbelieves(that)amancouldsurviveamonthinLondon.2.I’mafraid(that)Idon’tquitefollowyou,sir.3.Idon’tthink(that)itsveryfunny.4.Myunclesaidthathewouldcomeandthathewouldalsobringhisson.5.Weallagree(that)itwouldbeconvinenttogotherebybus.归纳总结1：that在引导宾语从句时无词义，也不充当任何成分，且通常可以省略。但如果含有两个或两个以上的并列宾语从句时，通常只有第一个从句的that可以省略，其余从句的that一般不能省略。归纳总结2：否定转移:第一人称I,we与动词think,consider,suppose猜想,believe,expect,guess,imagine等连用,要将从句中的否定形式转移到主句中去。我认为他不会来这里.Ithinkhewon’tcomehere.()Idon’tthinkhewillcomehere.()√我认为他不会对我撒谎的.I___________he___________me.我认为我们不应该借钱给他.I____________we____________himmoney.don’tthinkwilllietodon’tthinkshouldlend1.她坚持要把这次旅游安排得尽善尽美。Sheinsistedthatshe(should)organizethetripproperly.2.他命令关闭所有的大门。Hecommandedthatallthegates(should)beshut.3.我建议他应该更努力学习。Isuggestedthathe(should)studyharder.4.老师要求我们和睦相处。Theteacherrequeststhatwe(should)getalongwellwitheachother.总结归纳3：在一些表示坚持、命令、建议、要求等意义的动词后，that宾语从句中谓语常用should+动词原形，should可省略。1.坚持：insist2.命令：order,command3.建议：suggest,propose,advise4.要求：desire,demand,require,request•Wethinkitnecessarythateveryoneshouldformagoodhabit.it为形式宾语，that从句为真正的宾语。归纳总结4：it作形式宾语，真正的宾语从句后置think/find/consider/believe/feel/make+it+adj./n.+that从句Wefounditstrangethatnoonewouldtakethemoney.Wethinkitourdutythatweshouldhelpothers.Ifinditimpossiblethatheshouldfinishtheworkintwodays.1.Wethinkthatmiddleschoolstudentsmasteroneforeignlanguagepossible.(改用形式宾语it)Wethinkitpossiblethatmiddleschoolstudentsmasteroneforeignlanguage.我觉得你放弃这份工作是不明智的.Ithink_____unwise_____________________.itthatyougiveupthejob他们要使公众明白他们做的是一项重要的工作.他把每天早上锻炼身体作为一个规定Hemakes___arule_________________everymorning.itthathetakesexerciseTheywanttomake____cleantothepublic_______________________itthattheydoanimportantjob.我不知道他来不来。我想知道他来还是不来。你们是在谈论着他来还是不来吗？Idon’tknowwhether/ifhewillcome.Iwanttoknowwhetherhewillcomeornot.Areyoutalkingaboutwhetherhewillcome?1.Iwonderifyou’dmindusaskingafewquestions.归纳总结5：if和whether引导宾语从句介词之后或与ornot连用时，只能用whetherHedidn’tsay________ornothewouldbestayinghere.A.thatB.ifC.weatherD.whetherHedoesn’tknow________togotoBeijingornot.A.thatB.ifC.whetherD.if/whetherDidshesayanythingabout______wecouldpasstheexam?A.thatB.ifC.whetherD.if/whether注意:宾语从句的时态：(1)主句谓语动词是一般现在时态，宾语从句根据句意可用任何时态。(2)主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，宾语从句用相应的过去时态。(3)宾从是客观真理时，只能用一般现在时态。语序问题：从句用陈述语序宾语从句的时态和语序1.Couldyoutellmeifit_____tomorrow?A.rainsB.israiningC.willrainD.rain2.Theteachertoldhisstudentsthesun_____intheeast.A.riseB.risesC.roseD.risen3.Peterknew_______.A.whetherhehasfinishedreadingthebookB.whytheboyhadsomanyquestionsC.therewere12monthsinayearD.whentheywillleaveforParis4.Couldyoutellme______?A.whereisthenearestrailwaystationB.wherethenearestrailwaystationwasC.wherethenearestrailwaystationisD.wherewasthenearestrailwaystation5.Ireallydon'tknowifshe_______itwhenshe________.A.finds/arrivesB.finds/willarriveC.willfind/willarriveD.willfind/arrives6.─Wheredoyouthink_____he____theTVset?─Sorry,I'venoidea.A./,boughtB.has,boughtC.did,buyD.didbought在主句为动词be加某些形容词（如sorry,sure,afraid,glad等）作表语时，后面所跟的省略that的从句也可算是宾语从句I’msorry(that)Idon’tknow.We’resure(that)ourteamwillwin.I’mafraid(that)hewon’tpasstheexam.summary•一.that引导的宾语从句•1.that省略情况•2.否定前移•3.that宾语从句中的虚拟语气•4.that从句中it作形式宾语•二.whether/if引导的宾语从句•考点主要有：引导词，时态，语序1.Theshockingnewsmademerealize_____terribleproblemswewouldface.(北京2011)A.whatB.howC.thatD.why2.Wehaven’tdiscussedyet______wearegoingtoplaceournewfurniture.(2010课标全国卷)A.thatB.whichC.whatD.where3.Beforethesalesstart,Imakealistof______mykidswillneedforthecomingseason.(山东2010)A.whyB.whatC.howD.which4.Cindyshutthedoorheavilyandburstintotears.Nooneintheofficeknew______shewassoangry.(湖南2010)A.whereB.whetherC.thatD.why5.Howmuchoneenjoyshimselftravellingdependslargelyon______hegoeswith,whetherhisfriendsorrelatives.(四川2010)A.whatB.whoC.howD.why在复合句中作表语的从句称作表语从句。表语从句位于系动词之后。表语从句表示状态的系动词：be,appear,seem,keep,remain,continue,stay,prove表示感觉的系动词：look,feel,smell,sound,taste表示转变的系动词：become,fall,get,go,grow,turn可引导表语从句的连词：1.that,whether(在从句中不