EVDO概述

Sonnet18DefinitionofSonnet•Asonnetisalyric,invariably,offourteenlines,usuallyiniambicpentameter,restrictedtoadefiniterhymescheme.•十四行诗是一种有十四行诗句构成的抒情诗体，用抑扬格五音步作全诗的形式，有固定韵律。TypesofSonnet•Therearethreedominanttypesofsonnet,allnamedaftertheirfoundersorperfecters(完善者):Petrarchansonnet皮特拉克十四行诗Spenseriansonnet斯宾塞体十四行诗Shakespeareansonnet莎士比亚式十四行诗ShakespearianSonnet•AlsoknownastheEnglishSonnet,consistsofthreequatrains(四行诗)followedbyacouplet(对句).•Therhymeschemeisababcdcdefefgg.•Athemeisdevelopedinthequatrains,andaconcludingthoughtispresentedinthecouplet.Sometimetoohottheeyeofheavenshines,cAndoftenishisgoldcomplexiondimm’d;dAndeveryfairfromfairsometimedeclines,cBychance,ornature’schangingcourse,untrimm’d.dButthyeternalsummershallnotfade,eNorlosepossessionofthatfairthouow’st,fNorshallDeathbragthouwander’stinhisshade,eWhenineternallinestotimethougrow’st.fSolongasmancanbreatheoreyescansee,gSolonglivesthis,andthisgiveslifetothee.gShallIcomparetheetoasummer’sday?aThouartmorelovelyandmoretemperate.bRoughwindsdoshakethedarlingbudsofmay,aAndsummer’sleasehathalltooshortadate.bSonnet18Sometimetoohottheeyeofheavenshines,cAndoftenishisgoldcomplexiondimm’d;dAndeveryfairfromfairsometimedeclines,cBychance,ornature’schangingcourse,untrimm’d.dButthyeternalsummershallnotfade,eNorlosepossessionofthatfairthouow’st,fNorshallDeathbragthouwander’stinhisshade,eWhenineternallinestotimethougrow’st.fSolongasmancanbreatheoreyescansee,gSolonglivesthis,andthisgiveslifetothee.gShallIcomparetheetoasummer’sday?aThouartmorelovelyandmoretemperate.bRoughwindsdoshakethedarlingbudsofmay,aAndsummer’sleasehathalltooshortadate.bSonnet18Introduction(起)Elucidation(承)Transition(转)Conclusion(合)Appreciation•ShallIcomparetheetoasummer’sday?•Thouartmorelovelyandmoretemperate.-asummer’sday:InEngland,summerisnothotbutcomfortablywarm.Itisthemostpleasantseasonoftheyear.-temperate:gentle,soft,mild温和的英译:HowcanIcompareyoutoasummer’sdaysinceyouarelovelierandgentlerthanit?ModernEnglishv.s.MiddleEnglish现代英语和中古英语•you•You(宾格)•your•yours•thine•thou•Thee•Thy英译：Infact,theviolentwindsdodestroythelovelybudsofMay,andsummerlastsforonlyaveryshortperiodoftime.•RoughwindsdoshakethedarlingbudsofMay,•AndSummer’sleasehathalltooshortadate.rough:violent;terribledarling:lovely;dear;charminglease:Hereitisfigurativelyused,meaning“lifetime”.hath:oldusefor“has”date:periodoftime•Butthyeternalsummershallnotfade,•Norlosepossessionofthatfairthouow’st,•NorshallDeathbragthouwand’restinhisshade,•Whenineternallinestotimethougrow’steternalsummer:(metaphor)immortalyouthfulnessDeath:(personification)thedestroyeroflifeeternallines:immortallinesofpoetrysuchasthelinesinthispoemtotimethougro’st:you’llgrowtogetherwithtime,justastimethatlastsforever英译:Ifyouarewritteninaneternalpoem,youwillbecomepartoftime;youwillalwaysbeyoungoryouryouthfulnesswillbeeverlasting(willneverdisappear);youwillneverloseyourbeauty;andevenDeathshallnotboastthatyouareunderhiscontrol.•Solongasmencanbreatheoreyescansee,•Solonglivethis,andthisgiveslifetothee.–this:thispoem英译：Aslongasthereismanlivinginthisworld,aslongasman’seyescanseethings,thispoemwillbeeternalanditwillalsomakeyouimmortal.Sonnet18(1609)ShallIcomparetheetoasummer'sday?我怎么能够把你来比作夏天？Thouartmorelovelyandmoretemperate:你不独比它可爱也比它温婉：RoughwindsdoshakethedarlingbudsofMay,狂风把五月宠爱的嫩蕊作践，Andsummer'sleasehathalltooshortadate:夏天出赁的期限又未免太短：Sometimetoohottheeyeofheavenshines,天上的眼睛有时照得太酷烈，Andoftenishisgoldcomplexiondimmed,它那炳耀的金颜又常遭掩蔽：Andeveryfairfromfairsometimedeclines,被机缘或无常的天道所摧折，Bychance,ornature'schangingcourseuntrimmed没有芳艳不终于雕残或销毁。Butthyeternalsummershallnotfade,但是你的长夏永远不会雕落，Norlosepossessionofthatfairthouow'st,也不会损失你这皎洁的红芳，Norshalldeathbragthouwand'restinhisshade,或死神夸口你在他影里漂泊，Whenineternallinestotimethougrow'st,当你在不朽的诗里与时同长。Solongasmencanbreatheoreyescansee,只要一天有人类，或人有眼睛，Solonglivesthis,andthisgiveslifetothee.这诗将长存，并且赐给你生命。Theme•Aprofoundmeditationonthedestructivepoweroftimeandtheeternalbeautybroughtforthbypoetrytotheoneheloves.•Anicesummer'sdayisusuallytransient,butthebeautyinpoetrycanlastforever.ThusShakespearehasafaithinthepermanenceofpoetry.