虚拟语气思维导图

虚拟语气表主观愿望、建议或与事实相反的假设等。Ⅱ相对条件虚拟语气1.wish引导的从句2.ifonly引导的从句3.asif/evenif引导的从句4.wouldrather+从句5.itishightimethat从句6.Itisnecessarythat从句7.suggest等词后的that从句1明显条件句(由if条件句)/evenif/eventhrough２含蓄条件句(由but,butfor，or，otherwise，without引导的条件）did/werehaddonewould/might/coulddo(should)doⅠ绝对条件虚拟语气did/were现在，将来haddonesbdidsth/shoulddosth，should不可省在状语从句中其他特殊句型中在名词性从句中条件句中虚拟语气与过去相反与现在相反与将来相反It’stimethatWouldrather…IfonlyWhatif目的状语从句方式状语从句明显虚拟条件句含蓄虚拟条件句主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句Clara时态条件从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式与现在事实相反If主语＋did/were主语＋should/would/could/might+do与将来事实相反If主语＋did/were＋shoulddo＋weretodo与过去事实相反If主语＋haddone主语＋should/would/could/might+havedone虚拟语气在条件句中的用法１.如果我有一百万美元，我就会．．．IfIhadonemilliondollars,Iwould．．．与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句2.要是当时我和她结了婚的话，那我是很不幸的。IfIhadmarriedher,Iwouldhavebeenunhappy.与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句(通常有时间状语)3.如果他明天来的话,我会告诉他.Ifheweretocomeheretomorrow,Iwouldtellhim.常用的提示词有：but,butfor,or，only，otherwise,without,butthat(若不)等。①___________theleadershipoftheParty,wecouldnotliveahappylifetoday.=IfitwerenotfortheleadershipoftheParty,…②Iwasbusythatday.________(=IfIhadnotbeenbusy)Iwouldhavecometoseeyou.③____________(=Iftherewerenomusic),theworldwouldbeadullplace.含蓄条件虚拟语气句ButforOtherwiseWithoutmusicClara虚拟语气在名词性从句中的用法主句从句主语从句Itissuggested/ordered/demanded/insistedItisimportant/natural..Itisapity/nowonder…that+S.+(should)do宾语从句sb.wishdid/wereS+haddonewould/might/coulddoSb.suggest/demand/order/advisethat+S.+(should)do表语从句Mysuggestion/order/demand/request/proposal…isthat+S.+(should)do同位语从句Weagreedtohissuggestion/order/demand/proposal…that+S.+(should)do虚拟语气在名词性从句中的用法在一个坚持（insist）,两个命令（order,command,三个建议（suggest,advise,propose）,四个要求（ask,demandrequest,require）等动词后的宾语从句中，谓语动词用“(should)＋动词原形”，表示建议、要求、命令等。学生们坚持要多上英语课。Thestudentsinsistedthatthey(should)havemoreEnglishclasses.以上这些动词的名词形式后面的表语从句和同位语从句中也要用虚拟语气，也应以(should)+v原.的形式出现。eg.Hisrequestthathiscost(should)bepaidbythehouriscompletelyreasonable.It’snecessary/strange/natural/important+that---Clause从句中的动词要用虚拟，即（should）+动词原形我们很有必要/重要掌握一门外语Itisimportant/necessarythatwe(should)masteraforeignlanguage.IwishIrememberedtheaddress.我要是记得地址就好了。（真可惜我忘了）Iwishhehadnotleft.要是他没有离开这里就好了。（他已离开）Iwishitwouldraintomorrow.要是明天下雨就好了。（说话人以预料明天不会下雨）wish+thatclausedid/werehaddonewould/might//coulddowish后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气Clara虚拟语气在状语从句中的用法主句从句方式状语从句did/wereasif/asthoughS+haddonewould/might/coulddo目的状语从句inorderthatsothat+S.+should+would+incasemight/coulddoforfearthat由asif(asthough)引导的状语从句，从句谓语形式为动词的过去式（be用were）或“had＋过去分词”。他那样对待我，好像我是陌生人似的。HetreatsmeasifIwereastranger.她谈论那部影片，就好像她确实看过一样。Shetalkedaboutthefilmasifshehadreallyseenit.他如此努力的学英语，就好像要去美国一样HelearnsEnglishsohardasifhewouldgototheUSA.注意:如果表示的事情可能会发生,从句中的谓语动词不用虚拟语气。Itseemsasifitisgoingtorainsoon.asif(asthough)引导的状语从句Clara虚拟语气在其他从句中的用法1.It’shightimethat+S.+did/shoulddo2.Iwouldratherthat+S+did/haddone3.Ifonly同wish4.Whatif+S.shoulddoIfonly引导的条件句IfonlyIknewhisname!Ifonlywehadfollowedyouradvice!IfonlyIcouldseehimagain!hadrather，wouldrather用一般过去式表示现在或将来情况，用过去完成式表示过去情况。I'dratheryoudidn'tmakeanycommentonit.It’stimethatwewenttobed.It’stimethatweshouldgotobed.在Itis（high／about）timethat引导的从句中，动词用一般过去式或shoulddo来表示虚拟。Clara交叉虚拟语气条件从句所表示的动作与主句所表示的动作发生的时间不一致（如一个发生在过去，另一个发生在现在）。这时，我们要根据具体时间来调整动词的相应形式。IfIhadn'tstoodundertheladdertocatchyouwhenyoufell，you____now．A.wouldn'tbesmilingB.couldn'thavesmiledC.won'tsmileD.didn'tsmile条件状语的倒装：如果条件状语中有were,had,should时,可以倒装成：Were/Should/Had+主+其他WereIyou,Iwouldtryitagain.Hadhebeenthereyesterday,hewouldhaveseenthefilm.Shoulditsnowtomorrow,wewouldn’tgoout.IfIwereyou,Iwouldtryitagain.Ifhehadbeenthereyesterday,hewouldhaveseenthefilm.Ifitshouldsnowtomorrow,wewouldn’tgoout.Clara