语法系列6 名词性从句

名词性从句名词性从句主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句在复合句中的作用相当于名词，因此这四种从句统称为名词性从句。名词性从句的语序：连词（连接代词、连接副词）+主语+谓语1.主语从句功能：在复合句中充当主句的主语。位置：通常位于句首。引导词：连词that,whether;连接代词who,what,which;连接副词when,where,how,why等。说明：当主语从句较长时，通常用形式主语it来替换主语从句，而把从句放在句末。eg)WhetherwewillvisittheGreatWalltomorrowhasnotbeendecided.=IthasnotbeendecidedwhetherwewillvisittheGreatWalltomorrow.2.宾语从句功能：在复合句中充当动词或介词的宾语。位置：位于及物动词或介词后面。引导词：连词that,whether,if;连接代词who,whose,what,which;连接副词when,where,how,why等。eg)1.Canyouimaginewhatwillhappennext?2.Whetherwewillsucceeddependsonhowwemakeuseofourtime.3.表语从句功能：在复合句中充当主句的表语。位置：位于系动词后面。引导词：连词that,whether,asif;连接代词who,what,which;连接副词when,where,how,why等。eg)1.Thequestioniswhywemustdoit.2.Itlooksasifit’sgoingtorain.4.同位语从句功能：在复合句中起同位语的作用。位置：位于某些名词（如fact,idea,news,promise等）的后面。引导词：连词that,whether;连接代词who,what,which;连接副词when,where,how,why等。eg)1.ThewholecountrywasexcitedatthenewsthattheirfootballteamhadwontheWorldCup.2.Ihavenoideawhenhewillbeback.名词性从句的主要考点1.what与that引导名词性从句的区别2.if与whether引导名词性从句的区别3.that与whether引导名词性从句的区别4.who与whoever引导名词性从句的区别5.that引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别1.what与that引导名词性从句的区别what在所引导的名词性从句中要充当句子成分(通常作主语和宾语,有时也作表语);that在所引导的名词性从句中不充当句子成分。eg)1.Whathedoesisquitedifferentfromwhathesays.2.Heisnolongerwhathewastenyearsago.3.It’sapitythatyoudidn’tturnupatthepartylastnight.2.if与whether引导名词性从句的区别if与whether所引导的从句在充当及物动词的宾语时，通常可以互换。如：Idon’tknowif/whetherhewillcometomorrow.但在下面三种情况中一般不用if引导名词性从句。1）引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句时；2）引导的从句充当介词宾语时；3）与or或ornot连用时。eg)1.Thequestioniswhethertheycancontinuedoinglikethat.2.Itmakesnodifferencewhetherhewillcomeornot.3.that与whether引导名词性从句的区别that在引导名词性从句时，表示确定的情况；whether在引导名词性从句时，表示不确定的情况。eg)1.Thereisnodoubtthattheywillwinthegame.2.Thereisstillsomedoubtwhethertheywillwinthegame.4.who与whoever引导名词性从句的区别who引导的名词性从句指一件事，whoever引导的名词性从句指人。eg)1.Whowillattendthemeetinghasnotbeendecidedyet.2.Whoeverwillattendthemeetingpleasesignyournameintheform.=Thosewhowillattendthemeetingpleasesignyournamesintheform.5.that引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别that在所引导的名词性从句中不充当句子成分；而在所引导的定语从句中要充当句子成分。eg)1.HaveyouheardthenewsthatanotheroilfieldwasfoundinChina?（同位语从句）2.Haveyouheardthenewsthat/whichwasbroadcastontheradiojustnow?（定语从句）名词性从句练习一（2008年全国各地高考试题摘录）1.Thecompaniesareworkingtogethertocreate______theyhopewillbethebestmeansoftransportinthe21stcentury.（2008北京卷）A.whichB.thatC.whatD.who2.Thelasttimewehadgreatfunwas______wewerevisitingtheWaterPark.（2008天津卷）A.whereB.howC.whenD.whyCC名词性从句练习一（2008年全国各地高考试题摘录）3.Whenasked______theyneededmost,thekidssaidtheywantedtofeelimportantandloved.（2008湖南卷）A.whatB.whyC.whomD.which4.TomorrowisTom’sbirthday.Haveyougotanyidea______thepartyistobeheld?（2008陕西卷）A.whatB.whichC.thatD.whereAD名词性从句练习一（2008年全国各地高考试题摘录）5.PeopleinChongqingareproudof______theyhaveachievedinthepasttenyears.（2008重庆卷）A.thatB.whichC.whatD.how6.Somechildrenwanttochallengethemselvesbylearningalanguagedifferentfrom______theirparentsspeakathome.（2008浙江卷）A.whatB.thatC.whichD.oneCA名词性从句练习一（2008年全国各地高考试题摘录）7.______isknowntousallisthatthe2008OlympicGameswilltakeplaceinBeijing.（2008福建卷）A.ItB.WhatC.AsD.Which8.______wasmostimportanttoher,shetoldme,washerfamily.（2008山东卷）A.ItB.ThisC.WhatD.AsBC名词性从句练习二（2009年全国各地高考试题摘录）1.CouldIspeakto______isinchargeofInternationalSalesplease?（2009全国卷Ⅰ）A.whoB.whatC.whoeverD.whatever2.Atfirsthehatedthenewjobbutdecidedtogivehimselfafewmonthstosee______itgotanybetter.（2009北京卷）A.whenB.howC.whyD.ifCD名词性从句练习二（2009年全国各地高考试题摘录）3.Sheisverydeartous.Wehavebeenpreparedtodo______ittakestosaveherlife.（2009湖南卷）A.whicheverB.howeverC.whateverD.whoever4.Thehow-tobookcanbeofhelpto______wantstodothejob.（2009陕西卷）A.whoB.whomeverC.nomatterwhoD.whoeverCD名词性从句练习二（2009年全国各地高考试题摘录）5.Weshouldconsiderthestudents’request______theschoollibraryprovidemorebooksonpopularscience.（2009重庆卷）A.thatB.whenC.whichD.where6.Agoodfriendofminefrom______IwasbornshowedupatmyhomerightbeforeIleftforBeijing.（2009安徽卷）A.howB.whomC.whenD.whichAC名词性从句练习二（2009年全国各地高考试题摘录）7.Itisobvioustothestudents______theyshouldgetwellpreparedfortheirfuture.（2009天津卷）A.asB.whichC.whetherD.that8.ManyyoungpeopleintheWestareexpectedtoleave______couldbelife’smostimportantdecision---marriage---almostentirelyuptoluck.（2009江苏卷）A.asB.thatC.whichD.whatDD名词性从句练习二（2009年全国各地高考试题摘录）9.---Isthereanypossibility______youcouldpickmeupattheairport?---Noproblem.（2009浙江卷）A.whenB.thatC.whetherD.what10.Newscamefromtheschooloffice______WangLinhadbeenadmittedtoBeijingUniversity.（2009四川卷）A.whichB.whatC.thatD.whereBC名词性从句练习二（2009年全国各地高考试题摘录）11.Thefacthasworriedmanyscientists______theearthisbecomingwarmerandwarmertheseyears.（2009江西卷）A.whatB.whichC.thatD.thoughC名词性从句练习三（2010年全国各地高考试题摘录）1.Wehaven’tdiscussedyet______wearegoingtoplaceournewfurniture.（2010全国卷Ⅰ）A.thatB.whichC.whatD.where2.---Haveyoufinishedthebook?---No,I’vereadupto______thechildrendiscoverthesecretcave.（2010全国卷Ⅱ）A.whichB.whatC.thatD.whereDD名词性从句练习三（2010年全国各地高考试题摘录）3.Toimprovethequalityofourproducts,weaskedforsuggestions______hadusedtheproducts.（2010重庆卷）A.whoeverB.whoC.whicheverD.which4.Cindyshutthedoorheavilyandburstintotears.Nooneintheofficeknew______shewassoangry.（2010湖南卷）A