必修四第二单元词汇学习

Learningkeywordsandexpressionsinunit21.strugglevi.斗挣,努力,拼搏Eg:Weshouldlearntostrugglewithdifficulties.Theywerestrugglingtogetouttheburningcar.他们挣扎着从烧着的车里往外爬。Shestruggledupthestairswithherheavybags.她提着沉重的行李艰难地走上楼梯。[搭配]struggleagainst与…斗争，为反对…而斗争，strugglefor为争取…而斗争2.expandvt＆vi使变大；伸展eg:Metalsexpandwhentheyareheated.金属受热则膨胀。Thechairexpandstoformabed.椅子展开形成一张床。搭配：expand…into把…扩展/膨胀为…Hisstudiowasexpandedintoabigcompany.他的工作室扩大规模而成为一家大公司了。拓展：expansionn扩大；扩张；扩展3.thanksto幸亏;由于;因为Eg:Thankstoyourhelp，muchtroublewassaved.多亏你的帮助,减少了许多麻烦。拓展:thanksto=becauseof由于…多亏…Thankstoyoursupport,wewonthegame.由于交通堵塞我迟到了。__________________________________Thankstothetraffic,Iwaslate.4.rid…of…使…摆脱/清除…ridahouseofmice清除室内老鼠ridoneselfofdebt还清债务ridsb./sth.of摆脱某事/人Youmustridyourselfoftheseold-fashionedideas.你必须摆脱这些陈腐观念的束缚。He’sgone,andI’mgladtoberidofhim.getridof摆脱[类似用法动词]inform/warn/cure…of…,5.besatisfiedwith对…Eg:You’vedonewellatschool.I’mverysatisfiedwithyou.【考点聚焦】1）近义词组:becontentwith同根词:satisfyvt.满足;使满意;satisfactionn.2）besatisfiedtodo对做……感到满意。如：Hewassatisfiedtowintherace.6.wouldrather宁愿，宁可He’dratherworkinthecountryside.[用法1]：wouldrather…than…宁愿…而不…，与其…不如…IwouldratherwatchTVathomethangotothecinema.[用法2]：would…ratherthan…=wouldrather…than…Facingtheenemies,oursoldierswoulddieratherthansurrender.面对敌人,我们的战士宁死不屈。7.thereforeadv.因此;所以;因而Eg:wedon`thaveenoughmoneyandthereforewecan`taffordthenewcar.我们的钱不够，因而买不成这辆新车。拓展：therefore指“因此，所以”，正式用语，常用于数学、逻辑和其他精密的推论中，用以表示严密的推理。Eg:hewastheonlycandidate;therefore,hewaselected.他是唯一的候选人，因此，他当选了。so指“于是，因此”，用于简洁的会话和日常的文化中，推论不必严密。Hewasill,sohedidn`tcome.因为他病了，所以没来。8.exportv./n.出口importv./n.进口Eg:Chinaexportstomanyforeigncountries.Weexportgoodstoover40differentcountries.Theimportofcottongoodswentupsharplyin1986.在1986年,棉织品的进口猛增。9.regretvt遗憾；惋惜n遗憾；懊悔Eg:IdeeplyregretwhatIsaid.我非常后悔说了那些话。Iregretspendingsomuchmoneyonacar.我后悔在车上花了那么多钱。Sheexpressedherregretatthedecision.她对这个决定表示遗憾。拓展：regrettfuladj后悔的；遗憾的regrettableadj可惜的；令人遗憾的10.buildup逐渐增强;建立;开发Eg:Tryandbuildupconfidenceabit.试试让他增进自信。Goodfoodbuildsupthebody.好的食物使身体更加强壮。She`sbuiltupaverysuccessfulbusiness.她创办的生意很红火。11.leadto导致；造成(后果)；通向Eg:Thediscussionledtoabigfight.那场讨论结果引起了一阵大吵。Eattingtoomuchcanleadtohealthproblem.吃太多会引起健康问题。AllroadsleadtoRome.条条大路通罗马。联想：resultin导致bringabout导致12.focusn焦点；中心点vt集中；聚焦focuson集中(注意力、精力等)于Eg:Pleasefocusyourmindsonthefollowingquestions.请集中精力思考下列问题。Eachexercisefocusesonadifferentpoint.每个练习都有不同的重点。Ican`tfocusmythoughttoday.今天我的思想集中不起来。Thephotographisoutoffocus.这张照片焦点没对准。13.reducev.减少；缩小同义词:decrease反义词:increase搭配：reducesth.from…to…某事从…减少到…reducesth.by…某事减少了..Costshavebeenreducedby20%overthepastyear.过去的一年,各项费用已经减少了20％．reducev.reductionn.1)Outofwork,heis________(reduce)tobegging.2)Shemanagedtobuythecell-phone_____areductionof80%.reducedatbereducedto沦落到atareductionof打了…的折扣makeareduction打折扣14.keep…freefrom/of使…免受(影响；伤害);使…不含(有害物)Eg:Keepthechildrenfreefrom/ofharm.别让孩子们受到伤害。weshouldkeeptheriverfreefrom/ofpollution.我们应避免这条河受到污染。Eattingwellandgoodexercisekeepyoufreefrom/ofcold.健康的饮食和锻炼使你远离感冒。15.Commentn评论；议论vi＆vt表达意见；作出评论Eg:Doyouhaveanycomments?你有什么评论吗？Everyonecommentedonhernewcar.大家都在评论她的新车。搭配：Nocomment!无可奉告！Goodbye!Thankyouforyourattention!