海明威英文简介

ErnestHemingway(July21,1899–July2,1961)Childhood:•*thesecondchild,andfirstson;•*raisedinOakPark,Illinois,asuburbofChicago；•*father—asuccessfulphysician，lovefishingandhunting;•*mother—amusicteacher；•*musiclessonswereusefulinhiswritingandalifelongpassionforoutdooradventureandforlivinginremoteorisolatedareas；SchoolLife:•*attendedOakParkandRiverForestHighSchoolandexcelledbothacademicallyandathletically;•*firstwritingexperiencewasfortheschool'snewspaperandyearbook;Hemingwayatthetimeofhisgraduationfromhighschool,1917AfterHighSchool:•*workedasareporterforTheKansasCityStar(堪萨斯《星报》)beforeWorldWarIforonlysixmonths;WorldWarⅠ:•*joinedtheRedCrossAmbulance•Corps(红十字会战场服务队);•*onJuly8,1918,woundedbut•carriedanItaliansoldiertosafety,receivedtheItalianSilverMedalofBravery;•*wheninthehospital,metandfellinlovewithAgnes,aRedCrossnursebutrejected;Journalist&Writing:•*beganasafreelancer(自由职业)andforeigncorrespondentfortheTorontoStarWeekly;•*alsoworkedasanassociateeditoroftheCo-operativeCommonwealth,amonthlyjournal;•*metHadleyRichardson,thefirstwife,andmarriedin1921;HadleyRichardsonLifeinParis(1921-1928):•*settledinParisandcoveredtheGreco-TurkishWarfortheTorontoStar;•*madefriendswithJamesJoyce,F.ScottFitzgerald;•*HismarriagetoHadleybrokeupashewasworkingonTheSunAlsoRisesbecauseofhisaffairwithPaulinePfeiffer,divorcedinJanuary1927andmarriedPaulinePfeiffer,secondwife,inMay.The2ndwifeLifeinKeyWest:•*In1928，theymovedtoKeyWest,Florida,tobegintheirnewlifetogether;•*hisfathercommittedsuicide;•*Duringtheearly1930sHemingwaywerebusywithhunting,fishing,bullfighting,travelingandwriting;HemingwayhouseSpanishCivilWar:•*in1937hereportedonthewarfortheNorthAmericanNewspaperAlliance(NANA)•*heusedthisexperienceinSpainasthebackgroundforForWhomtheBellTolls;•Afterthewar,HemingwaydivorcedwithPaulineandmarriedMarthaGellhorn,histhirdwifein1940andwrotethefamousnovel,ForWhomtheBellTolls,whichwasnominatedforaPulitzerPrize；WorldWarII:•*inEuropefromJunetoDec.1944;•*involvedinthewaractivitiesasawarcorrespondentandin1947awardedaBronzeStarforhisbraveryduringWWII;•*HeleftMarthain1945whenpreparingtoreturntoCubaandmeanwhile,hehadaskedMaryWelsh,Timemagazinecorrespondent,tomarryhimontheirthirdmeeting;Lateryears:•*hadaseriesofaccidentsandhealthproblemsafterthewar;•*WhenhetraveledtothesiteofWWIandbegantoworkonAcrosstheRiverandIntotheTrees(《过河入林》);•*ThenextyearwroteOldManandtheSeathebestIcanwriteeverforallofmylife“andwonthePulitzerPrizeinMay1952andInOctober1954receivedtheNobelPrizeinLiterature;“因为他精通于叙事艺术，突出地表现在其近著《老人与海》之中；同时也因为他对当代文体风格之影响”Suicide:•Discouragedbyatroubledfamilybackground,illnessandthebeliefthathewaslosinghisgiftforwriting,hequitedeliberatelyshothimselfwithhisfavoriteshotgunintheearlymorninghoursofJuly2,1961;Hemmingway’sWorks～(￣▽￣～)(～￣▽￣)～Novels•TheTorrentsofSpring(1925)《春潮》•TheSunAlsoRises(1926)《太阳照常升起》•AFarewelltoArms(1929)《永别了，武器》•ToHaveandHaveNot(1937)《富有与贫穷》•ForWhomtheBellTolls(1940)《丧钟为谁而鸣》•AcrosstheRiverandIntotheTrees(1950)《过河入林》•TheOldManandtheSea(1952)《老人与海》•TheSunAlsoRises(1926)--Inthisnovel,HemingwaypresentshisnotionthattheLostGeneration,consideredtohavebeendecadent,dissoluteandirretrievablydamagedbyWorldWarI,wasresilientandstrong.•AFarewelltoArms(1929)--basedonhiswarexperienceinItaly,alovetragedyintheWar,theloverscalled“modernRomeoandJuliet”,firmlyestablishedhisreputation•ForWhomtheBellTolls(1940)--BasedonhisexperienceasajournalistinSpainduringitscivilwar,anti-FascismTheOldManandtheSea•TheOldManandtheSeaisanovelwrittenbyHemingwayin1951inCuba,andpublishedin1952.ItwasthelastmajorworkoffictiontobeproducedbyHemingwayandpublishedinhislifetime.•Oneofhismostfamousworks,itcentersuponSantiago,anagingfishermanwhostruggleswithagiantmarlinfaroutintheGulfStream.TheOldManandtheSeawasawardedthePulitzerPrizeforFictionin1953andwascitedbytheNobelCommitteeascontributingtotheawardingoftheNobelPrizeinLiteraturetoHemingwayin1954.•DeathintheAfternoon(1932)《午后之死》•GreenHillsofAfrica(1935)《非洲的青山》NonfictionDeathintheAfternoonisanon-fictionbookbyHemingwayabouttheceremonyandtraditionsofSpanishbullfighting.Itwasoriginallypublishedin1932.ThebookprovidesalookatthehistoryandwhatHemingwayconsidersthemagnificenceofbullfighting.Italsocontainsadeepercontemplationonthenatureoffearandcourage.GreenHillsofAfricaisa1935workofnonfictionwrittenbyHemingway.Itishissecondworkofnonfiction,GreenHillsofAfricaisanaccountofamonthonsafariheandhiswife,PaulineMariePfeiffer,tookinEastAfricaduringDecember1933.GreenHillsofAfricaisdividedintofourparts:PursuitandConversation,PursuitRemembered,PursuitandFailure,andPursuitasHappiness,eachofwhichplaysadifferentroleinthestory.ShortStoriescollection•ThreeStoriesandTenPoems(1923)《三个故事和十首诗》•CatintheRain(1925)《雨中的猫》•InOurTime(1925)《在我们的时代里》•MenWithoutWomen(1927)《没有女人的男人》•TheSnowsofKilimanjaro(1932)《乞力马扎罗的雪》•WinnerTakeNothing(1933)《胜者一无所获》•TheFifthColumnandtheFirstForty-NineStories(1938)《第五纵队与49个故事》Posthumousworks•TheseliteraryworkswerepublishedafterHemingway'sdeath.•(1964)AMoveableFeast•(1969)TheFifthColumnandFourStoriesoftheSpanishCivilWar•(1970)IslandsintheStre