simple sentence structure1

GrammarinUseSimplesentencestructureSimplesentencestructure1.Sentenceelements2.Simplesentencestructure1.Sentenceelements句子成分概念：组成句子的各个部分，即主语、谓语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语，主语和谓语是句子的主体部分。1.Sentenceelements句子成分主语Subject主语是谓语讲述的对象，表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。一般由名词、代词充当。大多数主语都在句首。主语（subject）:句子叙述的主体，一般位于句首Thesunrisesintheeast.Helikesdancing.Twentyyearsisashorttimeinhistory.讲述“谁”Weworkinabigfactory.讲述“什么”Theclassroomisverybig.Threeareenough.三个人就够了在“Therebe…”句型中，主语的位置在中间。如：Therearesomebottlesofmilkinthebox.ExercisePleasefindthesubjectinthefollowingsentences1.SheisourEnglishteacher.2.Thiswhitemobilephoneishers.3.Itissocoldtoday.4.Thereisanredappleonthedesk.5.Theboytalkingwiththewomenismyyoungerbrother.6.Thegirlinreddressisbeautiful.谓语predicate谓语：说明主语是什么，做什么或怎么样。由动词充当，主语和谓语在人称和数上必须保持一致。谓语动词存在多种时态，它是句子的核心。谓语（predicate）:放在主语的后面。Heisverygenerous.ShelooksverysmartandcoolWehavefinishedthejob.HecanspeakGerman.Iloveyou!Theywenttosleepverylatelastnight.Hepracticesrunningeverymorning.找出下列句子的谓语1.Idon'tlikethepictureonthewall.2.Heiseatingintherestaurantnow.3.Doyouusuallygotoschoolbybus?4.Didthetwinshavebreadfortheirbreakfast?按要求找出下列句子的主谓：1.Treesturngreeninspring.（主谓）2.Hebrokeapieceofglass.（谓）3.Don’tgetnervous，andhelpyourselfhere．（主谓）4.Luckilythe1989earthquakedidn’thappeninthecenteroftown.（主谓）5.Therearemanypeopleinthehall.（主）6.Wouldyoupleasepassmethecup?（主谓）主谓小测祈使句,省略主语you宾语Object宾语:表示动作、行为的对象，由名词、代词…。它和谓语动词一起说明主语是什么，通常放在谓语动词后面。有时，会有双宾语。如：Hedoesn’tlikeredflowers.Heoftenhelpsme.Helikestosleepintheopenair.TheAmericansenjoyedtheirlifeinChina.Ialwaystrustyou.IlikeChina.Hehatesyou.Weneedtwoblackmarkers.Weshouldhelptheoldandthepoor.IenjoyworkingwithyouHeisafraidofher--hisheadteacher.Underthesnow,therearemanyrocks.介词后面的宾语：介宾注意：人称代词要用宾格Idecidedtogowith_______.A.heB.hisC.herD.theyE.sheHegavemeabookyesterday.Givethepoormansomemoney.间接宾语(sb)+直接宾语(sth)：双宾①Mybrotherhasn’tdonehishomework.②PeopleallovertheworldspeakEnglish.③Youmustpaygoodattentiontoyourjob.④Howmanynewwordsdidyoulearnlastclass?找出下列句子的宾语表语表语：说明主语是说明或怎么样，由名词、形容词、数词、副词、不定式、介词短语、句子等充当。它的位置在系动词后面。Youlookyoungerthanbefore.Myfatherisateacher.Everyoneishere.Theyareatthetheatre.MyjobistoteachthemEnglish.Herjobistrainingthenurses.定语定语用来修饰名词或代词。定语的位置很灵活，凡是有名词、代词的地方都可以有定语。Theblackbikeismine.What’syourname?Theymadesomepaperflowers.TheboysintheroomareinClassThree,GradeOne.状语用来修饰动词、形容词或副词。它表示行为发生的时间、地点、目的、方式、程度等，一般由副词、介词短语、不定式，从句或相当于副词的词或短语来充当。状语一般放在句末，但有时也可以放在句首、句中。如：HediditcarefullyTheymissedmeverymuch.Withouthishelp,wecouldn’tworkitout.Inordertocatchupwithmyclassmates,Imuststudyhard.WhenIwasyoung,Icouldswimwell.状语※副词作状语的位置：①放在句中修饰动词，通常是be动词之后，实义动词之前，助动词和实义动词之间，如usually,often，sometime，seldom，never，also，only，ever，still……E.g.Iusuallygotoschoolbybike.②放在句末修饰动词，如verymuch，alot，quickly，fast，high，slowly……E.g.…③修饰形容词或副词时出现在它们前面，如verygood，soearly……E.g…④有的副词在句子中位置灵活，如already，only，sometime……E.g…Exercise-analyzesentenceelements1.Pleasetellusastory.2.Myfatherboughtanewbikeformelastweek.3.Mr.Liisgoingtoteachushistorynextterm.4.Shelikestoreadnewspapersandbooksinthereading-room.5.Sheboughtareallybeautifulbagyesterday.6.Theoldmansittingtherewasfeelingverytired.7.Soontheyallbecameinterestedinthesubject.8.Someofthestudentsintheschooloftenwanttogoswimming.