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aberrantadj越轨的,脱轨的(偏离常规轨道的);不正常的=deviantaberrant:standard=digressive:topicabeyancen中止,搁置,保留(暂时地搁置一边的状态)=doldrums=latencyabstemiousadj饮食适度的,有节制的=abstentious=abstinent=continent=sober=temperate;节省的,节俭的abstemious:indulge=austere:decoratealacrityn欣然同意的敏捷之状(特别愿意做事,而且做起来特别敏捷)=dispatch=expedition=promptitude敏捷【反】hesitanceandreluctance(犹豫且不情愿);dilatoriness(n拖延);recalcitrance(n反抗;顽抗);sluggish(adj行动迟缓的);husbandry节约:dissipate挥霍浪费=alacrity:procrastinatealacrity:apathetic=temerity:timidallayv减轻,缓和(痛苦、烦恼、情绪激动等)=relieve=alleviate=assuage=mitigate=mollify=lullamelioratev改善,改良=improve=meliorate【反】aggravate(vt使恶化);dampen(v使沮丧);demoralize(v士气受挫)anachronism:chronology=fallacy:logicantipathyn厌恶,反感=animosity=animus敌意=antagonism=rancor长期的怨恨apathyn冷漠(指对有普遍重要性或吸引力的事情缺乏兴趣或关心)=indifference=impassivity=phlegm=stoicism=stolidityappreciableadj可感知的;可评估的(enoughtobeperceived)=noticeable=perceptible=palpable=tangibleapprisev通知,告诉=inform=notifyapprobationn(官方)称赞,认可,批准【反】opprobrium(n谴责,恶名声);condemnation(n谴责);castigation(n强烈谴责);execration(n诅咒;憎恶)censure(强烈和严厉)责难,(公开和正式)非难:blameless=approbation:reprehensible应受谴责的appropriatev拨款(拨出作特殊用途);盗用(未经许可为自己独自占有)=annex=filch偷=pilfer偷窃=purloin=snitch;adj恰当的(适合于某特定的人,条件,事件或地点的)=applicable=apt=befitting=felicitous巧妙的,可喜的,极为适当的smuggler:import=embezzler:appropriate【反】surrender(vt交出);inappropriate(adj不适当的)-meet(adj适宜的)/apt(adj适当的)/measured(adj标准的;有规则的)audaciousadj大胆鲁莽的(常指不顾结果的大胆)=daredevil【反】circumspect(adj慎重周到的)『meticulous极为慎重的』;timid(adj胆小的)audacious:trepidation(恐惧=apprehension)=shiftless懒散的(没有志气或目标的):aspirationaustereadj简朴的,不加修饰的;(人)严格节制的=ascetic【反】baroque(adj结构复杂的);lavish(adj浪费的)averv断言=affirm(肯定地确认);证明…属实【反】deny(v否认);belie(v掩饰,证明…为假)banaladj平凡的,陈腐的,老套的(特点是可预见的)=dull=stale=hackneyed=commonplace=insipid=trite=vapid=jejune(insipid:invention=prosaic:imagination)disjointed:coherence=banal:originalitybeliev掩饰=disguise=misrepresent=garble曲解,窜改=warp扭曲偏离的;证明…为假bombasticadj夸大的,言过其实的=grandiloquent【反】understated(adj说话保守地);unpretentious(adj谦逊的);boorishadj粗野的=ill-manneredburgeonv迅速成长,发展=proliferate【反】subside(v下沉);wither(v衰弱);subdue(v征服);wane(vi变小;衰落);wasteaway(浪费)cacophonousadj声音刺耳的,令人不快的【反】mellifluous(adj甜美流畅的);dulcet(adj美妙的,悦耳的);euphonious(adj悦耳的)capriciousn变化无常的(具有奇异念头的、易冲动、不可预料的)=erratic=flighty;任性的【反】resolute(adj坚决的);steadfast(adj坚定的);constant(adj不变的);pertinacious(adj固执的castigationn严厉惩罚,苛责【反】approbation(n赞扬);accolade(n赞美;骑士爵位的授予)chicaneryn诡计=trickery;强词夺理【反】aboveboardaction(光明正大的行为);honestdealing(诚实对待)forthrightness(n直率)coagulatev.使凝结;使凝固;凝结;凝固codan尾声(乐章或乐曲正式的结尾)【反】prelude(n序曲);overture(n前奏commensurateadj(大小、范围或持续时间)同样的;成比例的;相称的【例】Iwassatisfiedwiththejobcommensuratewithmyabilities这份工作与我的能力相称,所以我很满意compendiumn(短且完全的)概要=summary=abstractcomplaisantadj乐于顺从的,讨好的(殷勤的、取悦别人的)=obliging反】obdurate(adj固执的【例】Sheisentirelycomplaisanttome她对我百依百顺compliantadj顺从的(倾向于或愿意遵从的)=complying=submissive【参】pliant(adj柔顺的);suppliant(adj恳求的);compliance(n服从,听从)contriteadj(因为有罪孽或过错而感到)后悔而悲痛的=penitent【反】impenitent(adj不悔悟的;顽固的)conciliatoryadj抚慰的;调和的【反】polemical(adj争论的);contentious(adj好争吵的);discontent(adj不满的);belligerent(adj好战的)confoundv使迷惑=puzzle;混淆(使不易区分)conundrumn谜语(答案为双关语)=puzzling;(自相矛盾的、难以解决的)巨难的题=questions=dilemmaconvolutedadj旋绕的=coiled=spiraled;费解的,错综复杂的=intricate【反】straightforward(adj正直坦率的;简单易懂的;直接了当的cravenadj懦弱的,畏缩的=cowardly;n懦夫=coward【反】valorous(adj勇敢的;无畏的);gallant(adj英勇的)dauntv威吓,使畏缩(使丧失勇气)=intimidate=dishearten=dismay【反】embolden(vt使大胆);makeresolute(使坚决);hearten(vt鼓励)cowed(adj胆怯的)-undaunted(adj无畏的)daunting(adj使人畏缩的)-meek(adj温顺的;驯服的)decorumn正派得体(行为举止适宜)=decency=etiquette【反】effrontery(n厚颜无耻);impropriety(n不适当;不得体)defaultn拖债;未履行(财政上的义务);deferencen(有礼貌的)听从;尊敬=respect【反】effrontery(n厚颜无耻);contempt(n轻视;不尊敬);delineatev(用图、语言或手势)描画出…的轮廓=draw=depict=describedenigratev污蔑(人格或名誉);诽谤=defame=blacken=belittlederidev嘲弄,嘲笑(以轻蔑的笑容说话或对待)=ridiculedesiccatev(使)完全干燥;脱水;干燥贮存(食物);adj枯燥的,乏味的desultoryadj不连贯的(从一件事跳到另一件事)=disconnected;随意的;任意的=randomdesultory:plan=languid:energy=facile:profunditydeterrentadj威慑的,制止的=deterring=discouraging;n威慑物diatriben(口头或书面猛烈的)抨击(一种辛辣的、谩骂性的斥责)【反】encomium=eulogy=panegyric(n赞辞;称赞);eulogy(n赞词;颂词);laudatorypieceofwriting(赞扬性的文章)dichotomyn二分(法);对立(因矛盾而彼此排斥的两部分digressiveadj离题的(不着边际的)=ramblingdisabusev打消(某人)的错误(念头、偏见或幻想);纠正;使醒悟【反】hoodwink(v欺骗);leadintoerror(使错);mislead(vt误导)discerningadj有敏锐眼力的;辨别力好的;有洞察力的【反】myopic(adj近视的)discordantadj不一致的;冲突的=conflicting;声音不和谐的;刺耳的discreditv诽谤;使…被怀疑;不信=disbelieve;n丧失名誉(的事,比如小克和小莱)=disgrace=dishonordiscreteadj个别的=distinct;不连续的=discontinuousdisingenuousadj不坦白的;不真诚的=crafty狡诈的(精通阴险、肮脏或欺骗手段)=insinceredisjointedadj脱臼的;脱节的;杂乱的【反】orderly(adj有秩序的;整齐的disparateadj迥然不同的(根本上的种类有区分)【反】homogeneous(adj同类的);like(adj相似的);analogous(adj类似的;相似的);similar(adj相似的)dissoluteadj放荡的;无节制的(缺少道德限制并沉溺于性快乐中)=dissipated挥霍浪费=immoral=profligate=debauched使放荡不羁;使堕落dissonancen不和谐(声音刺耳的、不和谐的)【反】concord(n和谐;一致;和睦divestv卸下盛装=strip(stripdance脱衣舞),剥夺(权利或财产)=dispossess被剥夺财产、权利的;精神上无寄托的【反】endow(v捐赠;赋予)dupen容易上当者(被人当工具利用的人);v欺骗coward:craven=dupe:gullible=credulous懦夫是懦弱的=易上当者是轻信的ebulliencen兴冲冲;热情高涨=exuberance【反】impassivity(n平静;泰然自若);torpor(n迟钝;无感觉);calmrest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