英语 倒装句讲解

GrammarInversion语法精解1.倒装Inversions英语句子的自然顺序是主语在前,谓语在后。把谓语动词放在主语之前,就叫倒装结构。如果全部谓语放在主语之前,叫全部倒装;如果只把助动词或be动词放在主语之前就叫部分倒装。基本语序naturalordersubject主+predicate谓+object宾IloveEnglish.谓语v.+subject+其他成分助动词auxiliary/情态动词modalverb+subject+v+…完全倒装fullinversion部分倒装partialinversionHerecametheheadmaster.NeverwillIforgiveyou.全部倒装1.用于therebe句型。Therearemanystudentsintheclassroom.主语位于谓语arethere之后原句自然顺序是：Manystudentsarethereintheclassroom.2.用于“here(there,now,then)+不及物动词+主语的句型中,或以out,in,up,down,away等副词开头的句子里面,表示强调。Herecomesthebus.Outrushedthepuppy.Awaywentthegirl.注意：代词作主语时,主谓语序不变。Hereitis.Inhecomes.3.当句首状语是表示地点的介词词组时,也常引起全部倒装。Southofthecityliesabigsteelfactory.Fromthevalleycameafrighteningsound.Underthetreestandsalittleboy.划线的均是表示地点状语的介词词组,并且是位于句首。4.表语置于句首时,倒装结构采用“表语＋连系动词＋主语”的结构1)形容词＋连系动词＋主语PresentatthemeetingwereProfessorWhite,ProfessorSmithandmanyotherguests.2)过去分词＋连系动词＋主语Gonearethedayswhentheycoulddowhattheyliked.3)介词＋连系动词＋主语AmongthegoodsareChristmastrees,flowers,candlesandtoys.5.为了保持句子结构平衡,或为了强调表语或状语,或为了使上下文结构紧凑。Theyarrivedatafarmhouse,infrontofwhichsatasmallboy.Insidethepyramidsaretheburialroomsforthekingsandqueensandlongpassagestotheserooms.强调状语保持句子结构平衡1.用于疑问句DoyouspeakEnglish?2.用于省略if的虚拟条件句Hadyoureviewedyourlessons,youmighthavepassedtheexamination.由Ifyouhadreviewedyourlessons这样一个虚拟条件分句变过来的。部分倒装3.用于“形容词(或名词、动词)＋as(though)”引导的让步状语从句。Prettyassheis,sheisnotclever.Tryashewould,hemightfailagain.Moneyastheyhad,theydon’tknowhowtospendit.4.用于nosoonerthan,hardlywhen和notuntil的句型中。Nosoonerhadshegoneoutthantheclassbegan.Notuntiltheteachercamedidhefinishhishomework.Notuntilthechildfellasleepdidthemotherleavetheroom.当Notuntil引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。5.用于never,hardly,seldom,scarcely,little,atnotime,notonly,barely,rarely,little,notabit，no等否定词开头的句子里。NevershallIdothisagain.Atnotimecanyousay“no”totheorder.LittledoIdreamIwouldseeyouhere.Notonlycanmp3sprovideuswithfun,butalsotheycanhelpuslearnEnglishwell.只有当Notonly…butalso连接两个分句时，才在第一个分句用倒装结构。如果置于句首的Notonly…butalso仅连接两个并列词语，不可用倒装结构。NotonlyyoubutalsoIamfondofmusic.6.用于only开头的句子(only位于句首,修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句)Onlyafterbeingaskedthreetimesdidhecometothemeeting.OnlybypracticingeverydaycanyoulearnEnglishwell.7.用于so,nor,neither开头的句子,表示重复的内容。此句谓语应与前句谓语的时态形式一致。HehasbeentoBeijing.SohaveI.Jackcannotanswerthequestion.NeithercanI.HehasbeentoBeijing.SohaveI.Sohehas我也去过。是的，他确实去过。8.在so/suchthat的结构中,若so置于句首,则句子部分倒装SodifficultaproblemisitthatIcan’tworkitout.Suchanoblepersonishethatpeopleallrespecthim.9.如果直接引语后注明引语是什么人所说的,主语是名词时,用倒装结构。主语是代词时,一般不用倒装结构。“Let’go,”saidtheman/hesaid.10.用于某些祝愿的句子。Mayyousucceed.部分倒装：NAOSHI1No(never,not,neither,nothing,nowhere,nolonger)2Seldom(little,few,rarely,scarcely,hardly)3否定词组bynomeans,innocase,innoway,atnotime,innosense,onnoaccount,undernocircumstances,onnoaccount4否定句型notonly/notuntil/nosooner…than/hardly….when部分倒装：NAOSHI1.Hegotthenewsonlyyesterday.(only+状语)Onlyyesterdaydidhegetthenews.2.OnlyIunderstandyou.3.Iwillacceptyouasmychildonlyifyoupasstheexam.4.Onlyifpeopleofallthecountriesareunited_________(我们才能解决)theexistingproblemsintheworld.Canwesolve部分倒装：NAOSHI1.IwassointerestedinthisvideogamethatIdidn’tnoticemyfatherwasbehindme.SointerestedwasI…2.Mrgreenissuchanicemanthateveryonelikeshim.SuchanicemanisMrgreen…完全倒装：NAOSHI1.所有地点+两个时间：here,there,now,then,up,down,in,out,away,off…2.谓语动词用一般现在时或一般过去时3.主语是名词，而不是代词NAOSHI前置原则1.although,though,eventhough,while2.主+系+表结构改：表+as/though+主+系AlthoughIwastiredatthattime,Iwasveryhappy.Tiredas/thoughIwasatthattime,Iwasveryhappy.1.---DoyouknowJimquarreledwithhisbrother?---Idon’tknow,_______.A.nordon’tIcareB.nordoIcareC.Idon’tcareneitherD.Idon’tcarealso配套练习Ⅰ.Multiplechoices.2.Notuntilallthefishdiedintheriver____howseriousthepollutionwas.A.didthevillagersrealizeB.thevillagersrealizedC.thevillagersdidrealizedD.didn’tthevillagersrealized3.Onlyinthisway____doitwell.A.mustweB.wecouldC.canweD.wecan4.Hardly____whenitbegantorain.A.hadhearrivedB.arrivedheC.hehadarrivedD.didhearrive5.Onlywhenclassbegan____thathehadlefthisbookathome.A.willrealizeB.hedidrealizeC.didherealizeD.shouldherealize6.Notasinglemistake____inthedictationyesterday.A.didhemakeB.madebyhimC.hemadeD.hehadmade7.Nosooner____histalkthanhe___bytheworkers.A.hefinished;surroundedallB.didhefinish;didsurroundC.hadhefinished;wassurroundedD.afterhefinished;wassurroundednear8.Little___knowaboutverbs,Franz__hishead.A.didhe;darenotliftB.he;darenotliftC.didhe;darenottoliftD.doesn’t;doesn’tdareliftdaredosth中dare为情态动词，后跟动词原形。daretodosth中dare为实意动词，而跟不定式todosth。9.Notonly__apromise,butalsokeptit.A.hadhemadeB.hehadmadeC.didhemakeD.hemakes10.Ifinallygotthejob.Neverinalllife___sohappy.A.didIfeelB.IfeltC.IhadfeltD.hadIfelt11.Innocountry___Britain,ithasbeensaid,____experiencefourseasonsinthecourseofasingleday.A.otherthan;onecanB.otherthan;canoneC.ratherthan;onecanD.ratherthan;canone12.____amobilephonecanyouring___youwanttotalkwithanywhere.A.Using;whoeverB.Onlyon;whoeverC.With;whoeverD.Using;whomever13.IfinallygotthejobIdreamedabout.Neverinallmylife___sohappy.(全国)A.didIfeelB.IfeltC.IhadfeltD.hadIfelt14.Neverinmywildestdreams___thesepeop