河南安阳市殷墟小屯西地商代大墓发掘简报

考古2009年第9期中国社会科学院考古研究所安阳工作队:KEYWORDS:Anyang,HenanXiaotunwithintheYinRuinslargesizedtombwithtwopassageslaterfourthphaseoftheYinRuinsABSTRACT:In2003to2004,theAnyangArchaeologicalTeam,IA,CASScarriedoutexcavationatLocusWestofXiaotunandrevealedtherealargesizedtombwithtwopassage,ofwhichthesouthernpassageextendsfirsteastwardandthenturnstothesouth.Thisisarectangularearthenpitfurnishedwithmaturesecondtierplatformsalongthepitwalls,awaistpitonthebottom,andlevelplatformsonthesouthernandnorthernsidesofthechamber.Itcontainsadoublecoffinandeighthumanandsixanimalvictims.Amongthegravegoodsarepottery,bronzes,lacquerware,jades,stoneimplements,andbone,toothandshellartifacts.Inthelightoftheunearthedstratigraphicevidenceandobjects,itcanbeassignedtothelaterfourthphaseoftheYinRuins,andthetombownermusthavebeenahighranknobleman.ItsexcavationprovidedimportantdataforfurtherinquiringintothelayoutofthepalaceandancestraltemplequarteratXiaotunanditsvicinity,andatthesametimeputforwardanumberofnewproblems.20032004,()1960,,,!,,;∀[1],31,10,1,2,10,#54(822)#9#55(823)#,,2003AXTT2M1(M1,),一地层关系和保存状况M1T2,,T2(;,1)1:,,035~08,M13(F3F4F7)9(M14M16~M23)1(H9),F3M1,F7M14M16M1,M1M17~M237H9,F3T21T2DK4~DK43M1F4F3,M1T2,M1F4,,M1,F3,F3M1,F4,F3M1,F3M120,,,,,M1M1,,,80%,,,,,,二墓葬形制M1!∀,(;,1)(),,,473,183,163,,2105,2191812,035,,,,13,1003~07,,,,15,72108~1065215(),,,,,,,,,1,8489058,513674,105,5105,361,7413~18,1511022~036,6342115(),,,#56(824)#M1,11~15,,,9#57(825)#12,109,0706,1(),193126,2527327,2132,1829,,617~28,21,三殉人和殉牲()8,(;,2)2,,,125,14,,,102,,15,1,4,,()61,06,,2,,,13,2,13,;1,()四随葬品()2,;1!∀592,,,!∀,1!∀8,!∀(,1),1,045,!∀(),,12!∀,!∀,21,#58(826)#9#59(827)#M1M1!∀,,!∀,!∀(,2)!∀,1,,,21,2,,,,1111()(),,!0∀16,1(M1∃13),34(,6)1(M1∃094),,,1826(,1)2M1∃091,,,2264(,2)1(M1∃15),,,,,,8452116(,5)1(M1∃026),,10(,7)#60(828)#9#61(829)##62(830)#9#63(831)##64(832)#1(M1∃1)2(M1∃14)3(M1∃12)4(M1∃20)5(M1∃10)6(M1∃15)1(M1∃4)2(M1∃3)3(M1∃23)4(M1∃24)5(M1∃22)6(M1∃25)36,,,M1∃070,2718(,2)85,2M1∃055,4(,14)1(M1∃085),,,5934(,11)2M1∃06,1713(,16)(),,1,!M1∀1,,7,11,,2,23,11(M1∃22),,64(,5)2,,M1∃25,236(,6)M1∃4,30469#65(833)#1(M1∃12)2(M1∃10)3(M1∃14)4(M1∃11)5(M1∃1)6(M1∃9)7(M1∃13)8(M1∃6)9(M1∃7)10(M1∃15)(353/5,3/10)(,1)2M1∃23,,,,1768(,3)M1∃24,,,1167(,4)1(M1∃3),,245(,2)1(M1∃1)24(,1)1(M1∃10)4(,5)2M1∃15,97(,6)1(M1∃12),49209(,3)1(M1∃14)2804~05(,2)1(M1∃20)#66(834)#,96(,4)2,,,!M1∀,2,1(,2),,,,,1(M1∃6),62(,8)1(M1∃11),,32(,4)3M1∃7,,,68(,9)M1∃9,,3056(,6)M1∃15,,4342(,10)1(M1∃13),,,166(,7)1(M1∃10),,,249(,2)1(M1∃12),2439(,1)1(M1∃1),,,,8635(,5)1(M1∃14),,,26(,3)五结语1928,,,,200,,M1,,()M1,1,,,M1,2,,2005M93[2]3,4,,,,,,,()9#67(835)##68(836)#9#69(837)#作本文线图由屈光富刘小贞黄晓芳绘制,照片由岳占伟拍摄[1]:(1958~1961)90,,1987[2][3]:10464~6,15,,2004[4]:125,,2004[5]:1991,199310[6]:,(2000),,2002[7]:,200559~62,,2006[8]a:#,,1996b:,,1951[9]a.:133,,1994b.:,(1990)245,,1991[10]a.:,,1948b.:1971,19723c.[5][11]:153,,2004(责任编辑苗霞)Archaeology20099本期要览60,,,,,,,,1989~19901989~1990,132,!∀,,2007,,M3,M4M4,2003~2004,M1,M1M1,!∀!∀,!∀!∀!∀%!∀!∀!∀,!∀