基于VHDL的交通信号控制器的设计

毕业论文论文题目：基于VHDL的交通信号控制器的设计学生姓名：指导教师：所学专业：电子信息工程2010年6月基于VHDL的交通控制器的设计ChengdongCollegeofNortheastAgriculturalUniversityThesisThesistopic：BasedontheVHDLdesignoftrafficsignalcontrollerStudentname：xianglinaTutorname：liuyaoSpecialty：Electronicconfidenceproject基于VHDL的交通控制器的设计June2010基于VHDL的交通控制器设计－I－基于VHDL的交通信号控制器的设计摘要传统的交通灯控制系统多数由单片机或PLC实现，本文介绍的是基于EDA技术设计交通灯系统的一种方案。EDA技术的一个重要特征就是使用硬件描述语言(HDL)来完成系统的设计文件，可以代替设计者完成电子系统设计中的大部分工作，而且可以直接从程序中修改错误及系统功能而不需要硬件电路的指示，应用VHDL的数字电路实验降低了数字系统的设计难度,这在电子设计领域已得到设计者的广泛采用。本设计就是针对交通信号灯控制器的设计问题，提出了基于VHDL语言的交通信号灯系统的硬件实现方法。通过对系统进行结构分析，采用了层次化的设计方法，分别给出了分频模块、倒计时控制模块、动态控制模块的VHDL程序，并且利用MaxPlusⅡ对应用程序进行了仿真，并给出了相应的仿真结果。在用VHDL语言进行电路设计时,应充分认识到VHDL语言的特点,从设计思想、语句运用及描述方法上等多方面对电路进行优化设计。通过电路优化设计,可以使用规模更小的可编程逻辑芯片,从而降低系统成本。关键词：EAD技术；VHDL语言；MaxPlusⅡ；仿真基于VHDL的交通控制器设计－II－BasedonVHDLdesignoftrafficsignalcontrollerAbstractTrafficlightcontrollersystemisusuallydevelopedbymicroprocessororPLC.ThispaperintroducesthedesignoftrafficlightsystembaseonEDA,oneimportantcharacteristicoftheEDAisthatthedesigndocumentsshouldbecompletedbytheHDL,thedigitalcircuitexperimentutilizedvery-high-speedintegratedcircuithardwaredescriptionlanguage(VHDL)mayreducethedifficultiesofdigitalsystemdesigning,anditiswidelyusedbyelectronicdesignernow.Aimingatthedesignproblemoftrafficlightcontroller,thispaperputsforwardahardwarerealizationmethodoftrafficlightsystemwithVHDL.Byanalyzingthearchitectureofsystem,itgivestheprogramofeachmodulewithVHDLusinghierarchicaldesignmeans.ItalsogivesthesimulationresultsbyMaxPlusⅡ.BecompletelyrealizedVHDLLanguage'sfeaturewhendesignedcircuitbyVHDL,Improvingcircuitdesignfromtheideaofdesign,theusageofstatementsandthemethodofdescribe.KeyWords:EDA;VHDLlanguage;MaxPlusⅡ;simulation基于VHDL的交通控制器设计－III－目录摘要.........................................................................................................................................IAbstract.....................................................................................................................................II前言......................................................................................................................................１1EAD和FPGA技术概要.....................................................................................................２1.1EDA技术的介绍.......................................................................................................２1.2EAD与传统设计方法的比较...................................................................................２1.3FPGA技术的介绍.....................................................................................................２1.4FPGA的特点............................................................................................................３2硬件描述语言VHDL..........................................................................................................４2.1不同层次设计需求....................................................................................................４2.2VHDL语言的特点....................................................................................................４2.3VHDL设计及综合过程............................................................................................５2.4MAX+plusⅡ简介.....................................................................................................６2.4.1MAX+plusⅡ软件的特点...............................................................................６2.4.2MAX+plusⅡ软件设计步骤...........................................................................７2.4.3管理器窗口.....................................................................................................７3交通信号控制器..................................................................................................................９3.1设计任务...................................................................................................................９3.2交通灯信号灯控制器的整体框架及工作原理.......................................................９3.3交通信号控制器电路的实现及工作原理...........................................................１１4各模块的VHDL程序设计与仿真.................................................................................１４4.1分频模块...............................................................................................................１４4.1.1100分频模块..............................................................................................１４4.1.250分频模块................................................................................................１５4.2功能控制电路.......................................................................................................１７4.2.1消抖同步模块............................................................................................１７4.2.2状态控制模块............................................................................................１８4.2.3A、B两方向倒计时控制模块contrla和contralb...................................１９4.3动态显示控制电路...............................................................................................２３4.3.1片选信号产生模块.....................................................................