丘吉尔Winston Churchill

WinstonChurchill(1874-1965)1FamilyHornors&ArtPoliticsLiterature&SayingsContentSirWinstonLeonardSpencer-Churchill温斯顿·伦纳德·斯宾塞·丘吉尔爵士Name:SirWinstonLeonardSpencer-ChurchillNationality:EnglandOccupation:Politician,historian,artist,speechmaker,writerregardedasoneofthe“greatestwartimeleadersofthe20thcentury”30November,1874–24January,1965Father:RandolphChurchill,aConservativepoliticianMother:JennieJerome,thedaughterofLeonardJerome,aNewYorkbusinessman.FamilyWinstonChurchill(1874-1965)withfiancéeClementineHozier(1885-1977)shortlybeforetheirmarriagein1908Churchillmethisfuturewife,ClementineHozier,in1904ataball(舞会)inCreweHouse.In1908,theymetagainatadinnerparty.ChurchillfoundhimselfseatedbesideClementine,andtheysoonbeganalifelongromance.In1900ConservativeMP(MemberofParliment)forOldham(奥尔汉姆保守党下院议员)In1906Under-SecretaryofState（副国务卿）In1908PresidentoftheBoardofTrade.（贸易大臣）In1910HomeSecretary（内政大臣）In1911FirstLordoftheAdmiralty（英国海军大臣）In1912RoyalNavalAirService&AirDepartment（英国海军航空队）1914FirstWorldWarIn1915ChancelloroftheDuchyofLancaster（兰卡斯特公爵郡大臣）In1919MinisterofWarandAir（战争与航空大臣）PoliticsIn1921ColonialSecretary（殖民地大臣）In1922DefeatedbyE.D.MorelatDundeeGeneralElectionIn1924GeneralElectionStanleyBaldwin,theleaderofthenewConservativeadministration,appointedChurchillasChancelloroftheExchequer(英国财政大臣)In1929TheConservativegovernment(保守党)wasdefeatedingeneralelectionPoliticsOntheoutbreakoftheSecondWorldWarChurchillwasappointedFirstLordoftheAdmiraltyandon4thApril1940becamechairmanoftheMilitaryCoordinatingCommittee.InMay,1940,hebecamePrimeMinisterandMinisterofDefenseandremainedinofficeuntil1945.POLITICSChurchillinWorldWarⅡAfterPearlHarborChurchillworkedcloselywithFranklinD.RoosevelttoensurevictoryoverGermanyandJapan.HewasalsoaloyalallyoftheSovietUnionafterAdolfHitler（安道夫希特勒）launchedOperationBarbarossa（巴尔巴罗萨）inJune,1941.ChurchillheldimportantmeetingswithFranklinD.RooseveltandJosephStalin（斯大林）atTeheran(November,1943)andYalta(February,1945).TheEndofChurchill’sPoliticalLifeHetookoverthepremiershipagainintheConservativevictoryof1951andresignedin1955.HeremainedaMemberofParliamentuntilthegeneralelectionof1964,whenhedidnotseekre-election.1963,PresidentKennedyconferredonhimthehonorarycitizenshipoftheUnitedStates1953,ChurchillwasawardedtheNobelPrizeforLiterature1953,QueenElizabethIIconferredonhimthedignityofKnighthoodandinvestedhimwiththeinsigniaoftheOrderoftheGarter.HornorsWinstonChurchill'sPaintingandArtIknowofnothingwhich,withoutexhaustingthebody,moreentirelyoccupiesthemindWroteChurchillonpainting.1.Churchill'sliterarycareerbeganwithcampaignreports:TheStoryoftheMalakandFieldForce(1898)andTheRiverWar(1899)2.1900,hepublishedhisonlynovel,Savrola3.1906,hisfirstmajorwork,thebiographyofhisfather,LordRandolphChurchill4.1933-1938,hisotherfamousbiography,thelifeofhisgreatancestor,TheDukeofMarlborough5.1923-1929,Churchill'shistoryoftheFirstWorldWarTheWorldCrisis1930,anautobiographicalaccountofhisyouth,MyEarlyLife1948-1953/54,hismemoirsoftheSecondWorldWar1956-1958,HistoryoftheEnglish-speakingPeoplesHismagnificentoratory:TheUnrelentingStruggle(1942),TheDawnofLiberation(1945),andVictory(1946).literatureSayingsAttitudeisalittlethingthatmakesabigdifference.态度是小事，但能造成很大区别。Apessimistseesthedifficultyineveryopportunity;anoptimistseestheopportunityineverydifficulty.悲观主义者从每个机遇中看到困难，乐观主义者从每个困难中看到机遇。Kitesrisehighestagainstthewind,notwithit.风筝顶着风高飞，而不是顺着风。Alovefortraditionhasneverweakenedanation,indeedithasstrengthenednationsintheirhourofperil热爱传统从不会使一个国家变弱，甚至在生死存亡的关键时刻，他会使国家更强大。Historyiswrittenbythevictors.历史是由胜利者书写的。Thanks！