蜡染 英文

waxprintingWaxprinting,alsoknownasbatikItisbelievedthatwaxprintingexistedinChinaasearlyasduringthelateQin(BC221-207)orearlyHan(BC206–CD220)Dynasty,thoughwidespreadknowledgetheexistenceofChinesebatikasafinishedproductfirstoccurredduringtheTang(618-907)Dynasty,whenbatikbecameyetanotherSilkRoadcommoditythatwasexportedtoEuropeandelsewhere.Waxprinting,whichbeenpasseddownfromonegenerationtothenextinChina,isauniquelyinspireddrawinganddyeinghandworkoftheMiaoethnicminority.Today,waxprintingismainlydistributedamongtheethnicminorityareasofGuizhou,Yunnan,SichuanandGuangxiprovinces.Inthecourseofitsdevelopment,theartacquireditsuniquefolkartisticfeaturesandisoneofthemostcharacteristicnationalartsinChina.•Thekindsofwaxprintingproductsarevarious.Therearewallhangings,letterbags,bags,aprons,cushions,table-clothes,doorcurtains,cloth-madedollsandsoon.Thestyleisfromabstracttorealistic.Thecontentvariesfromfigures,flowersandbirds,landscapestocalligraphy.Guizhouwomenhaveaspecialloveforbatik.Insomeprovince,women'sclothingheadwearaprons,andskirtsaremostlymadeofbatik•CalledlaraninChinese,waxprintingisawayofdecoratingfabricbycoveringpartsofitwithacoatofwaxandthendyeingit.Beeswaxisthemainingredientbutotherresinscanalsobeused.Tomakeawaxprinting,certainareasofthefabricareselectedandblockedoutbybrushingordrawingwaxthathasbeenheatedinalittlepotoverthecloth;theclothisthendyeddifferentcolors.Thepartscoveredbywaxresistthedyeandretaintheiroriginalhues.Thisprocessofwaxinganddyeingcanberepeatedtocreatemoreelaborateandcolorfuldesigns.Afterthefinaldyeingthewaxisremovedandthefabricispreparedforusageordisplay.Thewaxprintingscanbeframedand,ifusedproperly,canmakeanyhouseorofficemoreuniqueandinviting.•Therawmaterialsusedinwaxdyeingarepurecottonfabrics;theusualtoolsusedforapplyingwaxincludeapieceofcopperandbrasswithbamboohandles.Theyaremadefromtwosmalltriangularpiecesofmetal,withtheirapexesboundtoabambooholderbyacopperwire.Itisheldlikeapeneitheruprightoronaslantinrelationtothecloth,whichislaidflatonaboard.Thistoolisconvenientfordrawingstraightorslightlycurvedlines•MiaoandBouyeiminoritygirlsinChinaarehighlyskilledatwaxprinting.Therealisticdesignsareusuallyplain,simpleorroughinstyle.Theshapes,notconfinedtotheexactdetailofnature,areboldlydiverseandoftenexaggerated.Thisdiversityandexaggerationcomepurelyfromtheimagination,andarebreathtakinglycharming.Thevarieddesignspresentedineithergeometricshapesorasnaturalimages,whichgenerallystemfromhumanlifeorlegend,andarecharacterizedwitharichfolkhue.differentkindsofwaxprintingknivesBatikSkills1、Beeswaxismelted2、Acopperknifeisusedtoapplythemeltedwaxtotheclothtoformdesigns.3.Afterthebeeswaxhasdried,theclothisputintoavatofindigofordyeing.4、rinseit5、thedyedclotheisputintohotwaterandboiledtogetridofthebeeswaxThisishowwhitedesignsappearagainstabackgroundofbluetheskillofwaxprintingTheicecracksrepresentthebeautyandsoulofbatiks.batikisstilllovedbypeopletodayHowtomaintain？PayattentiontomoistureAfterwashing,useironflat(donotusecleaner,donotusewashmachine)FormountingCleanenvironment,doregularly