Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors-Grammar

PresentPerfectContinuousUnit5MeetingyourancestorsMyyoungerbrotherhasbeenaccessingthenet.Thebabyhasbeensleepingfor1hour.Theyhavebeenplayingbasketballalltheday.Theboyhasbeenreadingabookforalmost4hours.Hehasbeentalkingwithhisgirlfriend.Thetelephonehasbeenringingforalmostaminute.Thesoundhascontinuedaboutoneminute.Thetelephoneisringing.TheyoungboyhasbeenwatchingTV.Thetworobotshavebeendancingandsingingsincetheyhavebeenmade.Idon’tknowwhythepighasbeenrunning.Theyhasbeenplayinggamesintheschool.PlaygamesOh,youhavecomeatlast!Ihavebeenwaitingforyoufortwolonghours.(我等了你足足两个小时)I,msorry!Youhavebeencrying.(你一直在哭.)Ihavebeenknocking.Idon’tthinkanybody’sin.(我一直在敲门。我想没人在里面。)Youarehere!Ihavebeenlookingforyoulong.（我找了你老半天）现在完成进行时•1.构成形式：has\havebeendoing2.用法1,叙述某一动作从过去开始一直继续到现在仍在继续之中或刚刚停止。经常与for,since,allmorning/day/week用在一起。1)Youhavebeenstudyingforfourstraighthours.Whydon’tyoutakeabreak?2)Thetelephonehasbeenringingforalmostaminute.Whydoesn’tsomeoneanswerit?2,叙述从过去某时开始一直继续到现在，但不再继续下去的事情。－－带有浓厚的感情色彩，强调持续了“那么久”或做得“那么辛苦”1)Oh,youhavecomeatlast!Ihavebeenwaitingforyoufortwolonghours.(我等了你足足两个小时)2)Youarehere!Ihavebeenlookingforyoulong.（我找了你老半天）3,叙述“最近”一直从事的工作或活动。－－lately,recently★What’sthematter?Youreyesareredandpuffy.Haveyoubeencrying?(你是不是一直在哭？)★Theweatherhasbeenchangeablelately;I’vebeenhavingalotofcolds.(最近天气变化无常,我时常感冒。）4,叙述从过去某时到现在，或最近，一再重复的动作。Ihavebeenknocking.Idon’tthinkanybody’sin.(我一直在敲门。我想没人在里面。)Ihavebeenwritingletterssincebreakfast.(我从早餐起就一直在写信)现在完成进行时和现在完成时的比较:A.未完结性I’vecleanedthewindows.我把窗户擦干净了。I’vebeencleaningthewindows.我擦窗户来着。(可能窗户尚未擦完)B.短暂性现在完成时与现在完成进行时都可以表示延续至今的状态,但完成进行是常表示短暂性。A.TheyhavelivedinNewYork.B.TheyhavebeenlivinginNewYork.句A具有长期性,而句B具有短暂性。C.刚完结性与现在完成时相比,现在完成进行时有时可以表示刚刚完结的动作。有时它是现在事件的直接原因,或者是得出结论的证据。如:Myhandsaredirty.I’vebeenpaintingthecar.（我的手很脏,我在油汽车来着。）Youreyesareredandpuffy.Haveyoubeencrying?（你的眼睛又红又肿,你是不是哭来着？）D.连续性或重复性现在完成进行时常常用于表示延续至今的连续性或重复性动作。如：JimhavebeenphoningJennyeverynightfortheseveralmonths.Allthesedayshehasbeenwritingarticlestoourmagazine.结论:现在完成进行时主要用于表示A.过去开始而且现在仍在进行的动作。B.过去开始,现在刚刚停止的动作。C.现在看到其直接结果的动作。现在完成时主要用于表示已经完成的动作及其与现在的关系。Inpairs,taketurnstoreadthestatementandturnitintoaquestionusingthepresentperfectcontinuoustense.Thewordsinbracketsmayhelpyou.(P41)e.g.S1:Mrs.Smithlearnedtodrivethreeyearsago.(howlong)S2:Howlonghaveyoubeendriving,Mrs.Smith?1.Samhasjustfinishedlearningtoflyanairplaneonasix-monthcourse.(howlong)Howlonghaveyoubeenlearningtoflyanairplane,Sam?2.Heswamtillhefeltverytired.Hehasjuststeppedoutoftheswimmingpool.(howlong)Howlonghaveyoubeenswimming?3.SallyandZhouXinhavebeenbusyallday.(what)Whathaveyoubeendoing,SallyandZhouXin?4.Theyhavearguedwitheachotherforyearsaboutthebestwaytogrowpotatoes.(what)Whathaveyoubeenarguingaboutforyears?5.JiaoYangusesaparticularkindofwashingpowderandhisclotheshavealwaysbeencleanandsoft.(what)JiaoYang,whatkindofwashingpowderhaveyoubeenusingthatmakesyourclothessocleanandsoft?Consolidation1.——Hi,Tracy,youlooktired.——I'mtired.I___inthelivingroomallday.A.paintedB.hadpaintedC.havebeenpaintingD.havepainted2.—Thereissomuchsnowthesedays,isn'tthere?—Yes,it____forafewdays.A.wassnowingB.hasbeensnowingC.hadbeensnowingD.snowed3.Althoughthesescientists____ontheprojectfornearlyfouryears,Idon'tknowhowlongitwilllast.A.havebeenworkingB.hadworkedC.wereworkingD.areworking4.Nowthatsheisoutofjob,Lucy____goingbacktoschool,butshehasn'tdecidedyet.A.hadconsideredB.hasbeenconsideringC.consideredD.isgoingtoconsider5.Thelittleboyisdirtyfromheadtofootbecausehe___inthemudallmorning.A.hasplayedB.isplayingC.hasbeenplayingD.wasplaying6.I___toseethefilmlastweekbecauseI___ittwice.A.didn'tgo...hadseenB.don'tgo...haveseenC.hadn'tgo...hadseenD.didn'tgo...haveseen8.I'llphoneyouifshe___thisevening.Infactshedidn'ttellmeifshe___.A.wouldcome..,willcomeB.willcome..,cameC.comes..,wouldcomeD.come..,came7.Whodoyouguess___whereI___justnow?A.lie..,layB.islying..,layC.lies..,lainD.lied..,laid9.I____intothebuswhenI___agirlcallmyname.A.hadhardlygot...,hearB.hadhardlygot...,heardC.wasnosoonersetting...,heardD.didhardlyget...,hadheard