72虚拟语气

虚拟语气虚拟语气基本类型1、表示与现在事实相反的情况：从句：主语+过去时主句：主语+should/would/could/might+doIf…did,…woulddo…如果我是你，我会带把伞。IfIwereyou,Iwouldtakeanumbrella.2、表示与过去事实相反的情况从句：主语+haddone主句：主语+should/would/could/mighthavedoneIf…haddone,…wouldhavedone…如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她。IfIhadgotthereearlier,Ishould/couldhavemether.3、表示对将来情况的主观推测从句：①if+主语+did/were②if+主语+should+do（万一）③if+主语+weretodo主句：主语+should/would/could/mightdoIf…did/shoulddo/weretodo,…woulddo…如果下周日下大雪，我们就不能去滑冰了。IftherewereaheavysnownextSunday,wewouldnotgoskating.后接虚拟语气的句型1.用在wish后的宾语从句a、表示与现在事实相反的愿望，谓语动词:过去式我希望我有你那样的头脑。eg.IwishIhadyourbrains.b、表示与过去事实相反的愿望，谓语动词：had+done我希望我原来知道这件事的真相。eg:.IwishIhadknownthetruthofthematter.c、表示将来难以实现的愿望谓语动词：should/would+动词原形我希望我还能有一次这样的机会。eg.IwishIshouldhaveachanceagain.(注：ifonly和asif/asthough也有相同用法）2.wouldrather,hadrather,wouldsooner等宾语从句常表示与客观事实不相符的一种愿望，故使用虚拟语气。其虚拟语气的结构为：过去had+过去分词现在过去时(be用were)将来过去时(be用were)我倒想你昨天看过了这场电影。I’dratheryouhadseenthefilmyesterday.我倒想你现在在这儿。I’dratheryouwereherenow.我们倒想你明天去那儿We’dratheryouwentheretomorrow.3.在evenif,eventhough让步状语从可用虚拟语气，主句、从句的结构与if所引导的条件从句结构相同。即使他亲自来也不知该怎么办。Evenifhewereherehimself,heshouldnotknowwhattodo.即使华佗在世也救不了他。NobodycouldsavehimeventhoughHuaTuocamehere.4.虚拟语气还可用在定语从句中，表示：“早该做某事了”时，定语从句中的谓语动词须用虚拟语气，其虚拟语气的结构为：Itis(high/about)timethat+主语+动词的过去式/should+动词原形，即从句用虚拟过去式。我该去学校接我的女儿了。ItistimethatIwenttopickupmydaughteratschool.你早该上班了。Itishightimeyoushouldgotowork.5.一想要(desire)二宁愿(prefer)三命令(order.command)四建议(advice.suggest.propose)五要求(demand.require.request.desire.insist)中，无论主句谓语动词为何种时态，从句的谓语动词都用：“should+动词原形”或只用“动词原形”。Hesuggestedthatwe(should)taketheteacher’sadvice.Heinsistedthatwe(should)taketheteacher’sadvice.Hedemandedthatwe(should)taketheteacher’sadvice.Heorderedthatwe(should)taketheteacher’sadvice.6.表情绪、观点的形容词或名词也要用虚拟语气。如:necessary、important、impossible、natural、strange、surprising、funny、right、wrong、better、apity等。句型：Itis.......that+主语从句，从句的谓语动词都要用should+动词原形或只用动词过去式。1.Themillionsofcalculationsinvolved,hadtheybeendonebyhand,______allpracticalvaluebythetimetheywerefinished.A.couldloseB.wouldhavelostC.mightloseD.oughttohavelost2.HadPaulreceivedsixmorevotesinthelastelection,heourchairmannow.A.musthavebeenB.wouldhavebeenC.wereD.wouldbe3.LookattheterriblesituationIamin!IfonlyIyouradviceA.followB.wouldfollowC.hadfollowedD.havefollowed4.Ifthehorsewontoday,itthirtyracesinfiveyears.A.wouldhavewonB.wonC.musthavewonD.didhavewon5.Thereisarealpossibilitythattheseanimalscouldbefrightened,_______asuddenloudnoise.A.beingthereB.shouldtherebeC.therewasD.therehavingbeen6.Theboarddeemediturgentthatthesefilesrightaway.A.hadtobeprintedB.shouldhavebeenprintedC.mustbeprintedD.shouldbeprinted7.Iwouldhavegonetovisithiminthehospitalhaditbeenatallpossible,butI______fullyoccupiedthewholeoflastweek.A.wereB.hadbeenC.havebeenD.was8.Ifyouhadn’ttakensuchalongtimetogetdressed,we’dtherebynow.A.beB.circlesC.iscirclingD.becircling9.Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest,soitseemsasifthesun________roundtheearth.A.werecirclingB.circlesC.iscirclingD.becircling10.IwishthatI______withyoulastnight.A.wentB.hadgoneC.couldgoD.couldhavegone11.Georgewouldcertainlyhaveattendedtheproceedings，.A.ifhedidn’tgetaflattireB.iftheflattirehadn’thappenedC.hadhenothadaflattireD.hadthetirenotflatteneditself12.Lookingroundthetown,hefeltasthoughheawayforages.A.hasbeenB.wasC.isD.hadbeen13.Youradvicethat______tillnextweekisreasonable.A.shewaitsB.shewaitC.waitsheD.shewaited14.Johnissostronglybuiltthathelooksasifheaselephant.A.liftsB.isliftingC.liftedD.couldlift15.Mostinsuranceagentswouldratheryouanythingaboutcollectingclaimsuntiltheyinvestigatethesituation.A.doB.don’tC.didn’tD.didn’tdo16.Althoughmostadoptedpersonswanttherighttoknowwhotheirnaturalparentsare,somewhohavefoundthemwishthattheytheexperienceofmeeting.A.hadn’tB.didn’thavehadC.hadn’thadD.hadn’thave