王桃花：Lecture 2 Robert Browning

LectureTwoVictorianPoet：RobertBrowningLifeExperienceMajorWorksMyLastDuchessHisMainAchievementinPoetryRobertBrowningLife(1812-1889)Borninawell-to-dofamily.Educatedalmostentirelyathome.Begantowritepoetryat12.Born→Adulthood1.RobertBrowningwasbornonMay7,1812,London.2.ThesonofaclerkintheBankofEnglandinLondon.Browningreceivedonlyaslightformaleducation,althoughhisfathergavehimagroundinginGreekandLatin.3.In1828heattendedclassesattheUniversityofLondonbutleftschoolafterhalfasession.Helivedwithhisparentsuntil1846.4.MajorEnglishpoetoftheVictorianage,notedforhismasteryofdramaticmonologueandpsychologicalportraiture..1.1BornonMay7,1812,inCamberwell,Londoninawell-offfamily,Browningreceivedhiseducationmainlyfromhisprivatetutorandhisfather.1.21819-1826BrowningattendedPeckhamSchool.1.31828-1829BrowningattendedLondonUniversity,droppedoutafterhalfayear.TheBrowningswereasmall,close-knitfamilyandRobertapparentlypreferredtoremainathome,readinginhisfather'slibrary.EarlyyearsHistalentswereappreciatedbyafamouspoetessnamedMissElizabethBarrett（1806-1861）.In1846,theyeloped（私奔）,weresecretlymarriedandwenttoItaly.TheylivedinFlorencefor15yearsinidealhappiness.MarriageBy1845thefirstphaseofBrowning’slifewasnearitsend.InthatyearhemetElizabethBarrett.InMaytheymetandsoondiscoveredtheirloveforeachother.ButherfatherrefusedhertogowithRobert.TheyhadtomarrysecretlyinSeptember1846;aweeklatertheyleftforPisa.ThentheylivedinItaly.2.1In1846,BrowningmarriedElizabethBarrett,sixyearshiselder,afamouspoetessinItaly.FromthetimeoftheirmarriageanduntilElizabeth'sdeath,theBrowningslivedinItaly.2.2In1849,theirsonRobertWiedemannBarrettBrowningwasborn.2.3AfterElizabeth’sdeathin1861,BrowningbroughttheirsonbacktoEnglandandwentonwriting.MiddleyearsReputationWhenRobertBrowningdiedin1889,hewasrankedwithTennysonastheleadingEnglishpoetofhistime.Hewastoinfluence20th-centurypoetrythroughhisdevelopmentoftherevealingdramaticmonologue.3.1Browningdiedin1889andwasburiedinthePoet’sCorner,WestminsterAbbey,besideTennyson.Lastyears&DeathPart2Works诗剧1）Paracelsus（1835）《巴拉塞尔士》2）Strafford(1837)《斯特拉福德》3）PippaPasses(1841)《皮帕走过了》诗歌集1）DramaticLyrics(1842)《戏剧抒情诗》2）DramaticRomancesandLyrics(1845)《戏剧传奇及抒情诗》3）MenandWomen(1855)《男男女女》4）DramanticPersonae(1855)《剧中人物》5）TheRingandtheBook(1868-1869)《指环与书》Browning’sMainAchievementinPoetryBrowning’sprincipalachievementliesinhisdevelopmentofthedramaticmonologue（戏剧独白）.DramaticMonologueDramaticmonologuereferstoalyricpoeminwhichaspeakeraddresseshimselftooneorseverallistenerswhodon’treply.Suchpoemsnotonlytellstoriesbutalsorevealthepersonalityandinnermostsoulofeachcharacter.Suchpoemsrevealnotthepoet'sownthoughtsbutthemindoftheimpersonatedcharacter,whosepersonalityisrevealedunwittingly;thisdistinguishesadramaticmonologuefromalyric,whiletheimpliedpresenceofanauditordistinguishesitfromasoliloquy.“MyLastDuchess”Place:Ferrara(inItaly).NarratorandProtagonist:TheDuke.MyLastDuchess我的前公爵夫人That’smylastDuchesspaintedonthewall,墙上的这幅面是我的前公爵夫人，Lookingasifshewerealive.Icall看起来就像她活着一样。如今，Thatpieceawonder,now:FráPandolf’shands我称它为奇迹：潘道夫师的手笔Workedbusilyaday,andthereshestands.经一日忙碌，从此她就在此站立。Wiltpleaseyousitandlookather?Isaid你愿坐下看看她吗？我有意提起“FráPandolf”bydesign,forneverread潘道夫，因为外来的生客（例如你）Strangerslikeyouthatpicturedcountenance,凡是见了画中描绘的面容、Thedepthandpassionofitsearnestglance,那真挚的眼神的深邃和热情，Buttomyselftheyturned(sincenoneputsby没有一个不转向我（因为除我外ThecurtainIhavedrawnforyou,butI)再没有别人把画上的帘幕拉开），Andseemedastheywouldaskme,iftheydurst,似乎想问我可是又不大敢问；Howsuchaglancecamethere;so,notthefirst是从哪儿来的——这样的眼神？Areyoutoturnandaskthus.Sir,‘twasnot你并非第一个人回头这样问我。Herhusband’spresenceonly,calledthatspot先生，不仅仅是她丈夫的在座OfjoyintotheDuchess’cheek:perhaps使公爵夫人面带欢容，可能FraPandolfchancedtosay,“Hermantlelaps潘道夫偶然说过：“夫人的披风OvermyLady’swristtoomuch,”or“Paint盖住她的手腕太多，”或者说：Mustneverhopetoreproducethefaint“隐约的红晕向颈部渐渐隐没，Half-flushthatdiesalongherthroat:suchstuff这绝非任何颜料所能复制。”Wascourtesy,shethought,andcauseenough这种无聊话，却被她当成好意，Forcallingupthatspotofjoy.Shehad也足以唤起她的欢心。她那颗心——Aheart…howshallIsay?...toosoonmadeglad,怎么说好呢？——要取悦容易得很，Tooeasilyimpressed;shelikewhate’er也太易感动。她看到什么都喜欢，Shelookedon,andherlookswenteverywhere.而她的目光又偏爱到处观看。Sir,‘twasallone!Myfavoratherbreast,先生，她对什么都一样！她胸口上ThedroppingofthedaylightintheWest,佩戴的我的赠品，或落日的余光；Theboughofcherriessomeofficiousfool过分殷勤的傻子在园中攀折Brokeintheorchardforher,thewhitemule给她的一枝樱桃，或她骑着Sherodeinwithroundtheterrace---allandeach绕行花圃的白骡——所有这一切Woulddrawfromheraliketheapprovingspeech,都会使她同样地赞羡不绝，Orblush,atleast.Shethankedmen,---good,butthanked或至少泛起红晕。她感激人．好的！Somehow…Iknownothow…asifsheranked但她的感激（我说不上怎么搞的）Mygiftofanine-hundred-years-oldname仿佛把我赐她的九百年的门第Withanybody’sgift.Who’dstooptoblame与任何人的赠品并列。谁愿意Thissortoftrifling?Evenhadyouskill屈尊去谴责这种轻浮举止？即使Inspeech---(whichIhavenot)---tomakeyourwill你有口才（我却没有）能把你的意志Quitecleartosuchanone，andsay，'Justthis给这样的人儿充分说明：“你这点Orthatinyoudisgustsme；hereyoumiss，或那点令我讨厌。这儿你差得远，Orthereexceedthemark'——andifshelet而那儿你超越了界限。”即使她肯听Herselfbelessonedso，norplainlyset你这样训诫她而毫不争论，Herwitstoyours，