2014人教版中考英语专项复习-被动语态

PassiveVoice被动语态英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。1.当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者,2.或者只需强调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态。被动语态结构：be+过去分词(PP)+(by…)在改写中应注意：1.把原来的宾语提到前面作被动语态的主语;2.把动词变成“be+过去分词”;3.主动语态中的主语变为介词by的宾语。表格：被动态基本结构一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时一般将来时过去将来时现在完成时过去完成时am/is/aredonewas/weredoneam/is/arebeingdonewas/werebeingdoneshall/will/begoingtobedonewouldbedonehave/hasbeendonehadbeendone•Somepeopleattackedthetowers.SVO•ThetowerswereattackedSVbysomepeople.Oralpractice-主动句改被动句Oralpractice--1.Changeeachsentenceintopassivevoice:1)Acarknockedhimdownyesterday.2)Twodoctorsandtennursesmakeupthemedicalteam．3)WhenIgotthere,theywerecuttingupafallentree．•Hewasknockeddownbyacaryesterday．•Themedicalteamismadeupofbytwo…．•Afallentreewasbeingcutup,whenIgotthere.4)We’llputontheplaynextSunday．5)Workersarebuildinganewteachingbuildinginourschool．6)Theyhadcompletedtherailwaybytheendoflastyear．•TheplaywillbeputonnextSunday．•Anewteachingbuildingisbeingbuiltbyworkersinourschool．•Therailwayhadbeencompletedbytheendoflastyear．7)Weshouldprotecttheearth．8)Youneedtopaintthewall．•Theearthshouldbeprotected．•Thewallneedstobepainted．几种特殊结构1.Myunclegavemeagiftonmybirthday．2.Weoftenhearhimplayguitar．•Iwasgivenagiftonmybirthday．•Agiftwasgiventomeonmybirthday.•Heisoftenheardtoplayguitar•注意：see,watch,hear,notice,feel,make,listento,lookat等动词/短语后作宾语补语的不定式都不带to；但改成被动语态后必须带to。•Weshouldtakecareoftheoldpeople.•Theoldpeopleshouldbetakencareof.1。动词(表示主语的属性特征)+副词(well/badly/easily/smoothly),用主动式表被动义。read,write,sell,wash,clean,wear,lock,open,cook,shut,dry,eat,drink,…Thebooks____well．A.weresoldB.sellC.havesoldD.arebeingsoldThiskindofcloth____easily．A.haswashedB.waswashedC.washesD.iswashedBC主动式表被动义2.不定式在某些形容词后作状语,且和句子的主语(或宾语)构成动宾关系时,用主动式表被动义。difficult,easy,hard,fit,pleasant,good,comfortable,light,heavy,safe,…Thefishisnotfit_______(eat)．WefindEnglishishard_______(learn)．Thearticleisdifficult___________(understand).toeattolearntounderstand3.不定式作后置定语,与被修饰的名词构成动宾关系,又和该句主语(或宾语)构成主谓关系时,用主动式表被动义。Ihavealotofhomework______(do)．I’llgivehimsomebooks______(read)．todotoread表示状态特征的连系动词+adj./n.,用主动式表被动义。4表示状态特征的连系动词+adj./n.,用主动式表被动义。(look,sound,feel,smell,taste,prove,appear,make,...)•Thesteelfeelscold．5表示“开始、结束、运动”的动词用主动式表被动义。(begin,open,start,stop,end,finish,shut,move,run,...)•Theshopopensat6am.everyday．表示主语的属性特征的动词+副词well/badly/easily/smoothly,用主动式表被动义6.作“需要”讲的want/need/require后接动名词作宾语时，用主动式表被动义；当然也可接不定式的被动式作宾语。•Yourjacketneedswashing/tobewashed．Quiz1Quiz11.Thesteel_____cold．A.isfeltB.wasfeelingC.feelsD.isbeingfelt2.Hisplan_____good．A.hassoundedB.issoundingC.issoundedD.soundsCDQuiz2Quiz2•Theshop_____at6am.everyday．A.opensB.openedC.isopenedD.isopening•Work_____at7pm.today．A.endsB.endedC.wasendedD.hadendedAB•Thepen______smoothly．A.waswroteB.writesC.haswritingD.iswritten•Thiscoat_____easily．A.haswashedB.waswashedC.washesD.iswashedQuiz3BC•Yourjacketneeds________(wash)．•Thehouserequires_______(repair)．Quiz4washingrepairing•Thefishisnotfit_______(eat)．•WefindEnglishdifficult_________(learn)．Quiz5toeattolearn•Ihavemuchhomework_____(do)．•I’llgivetheboysomebooks_______(read)．Quiz6todotoreadCorrectingmistake2.Correctthemistake(s)ineachsentenceifany:1)Twoboyshurtwhileplayingaball．2)ThesingerlivedinLondonuntilhewassendingtouniversity．3)Howlongdoyouthinkthemeetingwillbelasted?wassentwilllastwerehurt4)Afirewasbrokenoutlastnight．5)Hehadtotravelbybusashiscarwasdamagedinanaccidentafewdaysbefore．6)Thelargebuildingthatisnowbuiltwillbeahospital．hadbeendamagedisnowbeingbuiltbrokeout7)Classisbegunat7:30everyday．8)Hisplanissoundedgood．9)Yourcoatneedsbeingwashed．beginssoundstobewashed/washing1.Anexhibitionofpaintings____atthemuseumnextweek．A．aretobeheldB.istobeheldC.areholdingD．willholdMultiplechoiceB2.I’msorry,sir．Yourrecorderisn’treadyyet．It____inthefactory．A.isbeingrepairedB.isrepairedC.hasbeenrepairedD.hasn’tbeenrepairedA3．Everypossiblemeans____,butnone____successful．A.hastried;hasprovedB．tried;provesC.hasbeentried;provesD.isbeingtried;isprovedC4．Thequestionheaskedishard____．A.foranswerB.toanswerC．tobeansweredD.answeringB5．Inwarmweather,fruitandmeat____long．A.cannotbekeptB.don’tkeepC.mustn’tkeepD.isnotkeptA6．Hereceivedatelegram____:“Motherill”．A．writtenB.readingC.saidD.writingB7.--Didyouhandhimtheletteryesterday?--No,I____tohim．A.broughtitB.tookitC.haditsentD.carrieditC8．Alicehadadress____lastweek．A．madeB.makeC.tobemadeD.tomakeA9．Theteachercouldn’tmakehim____attentiontobecausethestudentsweresonoisy.A.payB.paidC.topayD.tobepaidB10.--Whenwillthelecturebegin?--Whenthestudents____．A．havesatB．satdownC．willsitD．areseatedDMultipleChoice:1.()Ifthework________,youcangoandplaygames.A.finishedB.hasfinishedC.willbefinishedD.isfinished2.()Itwasrainingheavilyoutside,thechildrenweremade______intheclassroom.4.()Tomakeourcitymorebeautiful,rubbish______intotheriver.A.needn’tbethrownB.mustn’tbethrownC.can’tthrowD.maynotthrow5.()Ilikemybike.It________verywell.A.ridesB.isridingC.isriddenD.hasriddenDBBA3.()Kate_______theletterbeforehermothercameintoherbedroom.A.haswrittenB.waswrittenC.hadwrittenD.iswritingA.stayB.tostayC.stayingD.stayedC6.()—Iwon’t