3M锂离子电池材料研究进展

EngagingandEnablingCustomers3MConfidential.230©May2014.AllRightsReserved.3M3MElectronics&EnergyBusinessGroupPotentialSafetySolutionforLithiumionBatteryPackHighVoltageandHighEnergyNMCbasedCathodeAdvanced3Malloy3MLithiumIonBatteryMaterialandSolutionforEVandEnergyStorageApplicationOutline:3MConfidential.330©May2014.AllRightsReserved.3M3MElectronics&EnergyBusinessGroupPotentialSafetySolutionforLithiumionBatteryPack(Novec1230Immersion)WilliamMeyring,ZhonghuaLu,NicholasJohnson3MConfidential.430©May2014.AllRightsReserved.3M3MElectronics&EnergyBusinessGroupTheApplicationofNovec1230forLithiumIonBatteryPackLithiumionbatteryisbeingwidelyusedfortheelectricdrivevehicle(EV)suchaspureEV,plug-inhybridEV(highenergydensity,longlifespanandhighpowerdensity).Largenumberoflithiumionbatteriesareusedinthebatterypackviaserialorparallelconnection.Thermalrunawaypropagationamongthebatteryisthemajorsafetyconcernsinceaninternalshortinsidethesinglecellviaexternalforceorinsidemetalparticleimpuritycannotbeavoided100%completely.Onceithappens,thewholebatterypackmayhavethermalrunawayandproducefire.ImmersingofLithiumionbatterypackin3MNovecfluidhassignificantpotentialtoincreasedthesafetyoflithium-ionbatterypack.IntroductionTeslaEVonFireSolution:Problem:3MConfidential.530©May2014.AllRightsReserved.3M3MElectronics&EnergyBusinessGroup2.0Ah18650typelithiumionbatteriesbasedontheLiCoO2/graphitechemistryareusedtomake3P2Sbatterypack.RunNailpenetrationtointernallyshortasingle18650andmakeitthermalrunawayinthe3P2SbatterypackComparetheresponseofthebatterypackanditscellskintemperaturesinNovec1230inAirExperimentDesign:X3MConfidential.630©May2014.AllRightsReserved.3M3MElectronics&EnergyBusinessGroupBeforeNoFluidPostEventFluidImmersionNailPeakEvent3MConfidential.730©May2014.AllRightsReserved.3M3MElectronics&EnergyBusinessGroupNoFluidSurfaceTemperatureofcellsduringunprotectedtestwithnofluidFullyImmersedSurfaceTemperatureoffullyimmersedcellsduringtest3MNovecsuppressedthebatterythermalrun-away3MConfidential.830©May2014.AllRightsReserved.3M3MElectronics&EnergyBusinessGroupRapidlyanduniformlyheatcellstooperatingtemperaturewithout“overshooting.”Coolcellsuniformlyduringoperation±1°C.NonflammableNovec™fluidsprovideintrinsicFireProtectionDielectricNovec™fluidsprovideintrinsicdielectricprotectioninvapororliquidform.Passive2-PhaseImmersionTechnologyMaintainingConstantCellTemperature3MNovecFluidkeepsallcellsatsametemp,extendingcellcyclelife3MConfidential.930©May2014.AllRightsReserved.3M3MElectronics&EnergyBusinessGroupFluidimmersioncanincreasethesafetyandlifetimeoflithium-ionbatteriesandprovidefireandthermalrunawayprotectionfordevicesthatutilizethemElectricalandhybridvehiclesBulktransportationsuchasairplanes,cargocarriersandtrainsWarehousestorageandshipmentofnewandrecycledlithium-ionbatteriesEnergystoragesystemsPotentialApplications:3MConfidential.1030©May2014.AllRightsReserved.3M3MElectronics&EnergyBusinessGroupHighVoltageandHighEnergyNMCbasedCathode3MConfidential.1130©May2014.AllRightsReserved.3M3MElectronics&EnergyBusinessGroupCathodeDevelopmentApproachCycleNMCbasedcathodetohighvoltagesuchas4.7VtoobtainhighcapacityImprovehighvoltagecycleabilityIncreaseelectrodedensityReduceCocontenttoreducecost3MConfidential.1230©May2014.AllRightsReserved.3M3MElectronics&EnergyBusinessGroup3MHighEnergyandHighVoltageCathode:3MConfidential.1330©May2014.AllRightsReserved.3M3MElectronics&EnergyBusinessGroupProductConceptsConcept1:CS(Core-shellstructuredNMC)Advantage:Combiningthegoodcapacityretentionoftheshellandgoodrateandhighdensityofthecore.Ni/Mn1Ni/Mn13MConfidential.1430©May2014.AllRightsReserved.3M3MElectronics&EnergyBusinessGroupIntroductionofTerminologyChargeEndpointCapacity=∫∆c·dt(ElectrolyteOxidation)(GoodCapacityRetention:Stablechargeendpointcapacity,noshifting)CoulombicEfficiency(CE)=Qd/Qc(GoodCapacityRetention:HigherCEandmoreclosetoone)3MConfidential.1530©May2014.AllRightsReserved.3M3MElectronics&EnergyBusinessGroupCSisverystableatfullychargedstateathighVandLowcellimpedance(viaUHPCtestusing18650cells,Graphiteasanode,40oC,2.5-4.6V,fullfluorinatedsolvent)442CSorCoatedCSCS442442CSorCoatedCS442442CSCoatedCSCSorCoatedCSCoatedCS442CSorCoatedCS442CSorCoatedCSDatafrom:DahnLab,DalhousieUniversityCapacity(mAh/g)3MConfidential.1630©May2014.AllRightsReserved.3M3MElectronics&EnergyBusinessGroupConcept2:C442(SurfacecoatedNMC)NMC442InertCompounds020406080Cycles120120240200160200160240BC-723KNMC442C4422.5-4.7V,30oC3MConfidential.1730©May2014.AllRightsReserved.3M3MElectronics&EnergyBusinessGroupC442in18650cells(MAGEasanode)C442hasverygoodhightemperaturecyclingperformance.3MConfidential.1830©May2014.AllRightsReserved.3M3MElectronics&EnergyBusinessGroupC442couldcompetewithNCAintermofenergy18650cells3MConfidential.1930©May2014.AllRightsReserved.3M3MElectronics&EnergyBusinessGroup18650cellsC442couldcompetewithNCAintermofcost.3MConfidential.2030©May2014.AllRightsReserved.3M3MElectronics&EnergyBusinessGroupCathodeSummaryCSisverystableinfullychargedstateathighvoltageandlowcellimpedance.C442isattracti