人文学报告

人文學報告第三組組員圖資二方凱鴻496100238鄭喬比496100367許芳瑄496100381黃楚余496100525許妤瑩496100616主題：哲學資源（三）ReferenceReferral：PublicLibraryHumanitiesQuestionsinCalifornia'sReferenceNetwork加州公共圖書館的參考網路所遭遇的有關人文學科方面的問題Author：KayRobertsSUMMARYPubliclibrariesreceiveawidevarietyofreferencequestionsinthehumanities.rangingfromrequestsrequitingscholaralyliteraryorhistoricalresearchtorequestsforvaguelyrememberedpoetryandquotations.Theclienteleofpubliclibrariesvarieswidelyinlevelsofexpertiseandexpectationsofthelibrary.Majorbarrierstoreferenceservicearethelackoftimeandresourcesatthelocallevel.problemstypicalofsecond-levelhumanitiesresearch,representativequestionsandsourcesaredescribed.DiscussioncentersonquestionsansweredattheBayAreaLibraryandInformationSystem,asecond-levelreferencecenterinOakland.SUMMARYCLIENTELE,THEIRQUESTIONS,THEREFERRALPROCESS顧客的問題與參考過程Patronscometothepubliclibrarywithanimpressiverangeofquestionsinthehumanities.Theywanttoknowwampumexchangerates,thecontentsofLincoln'spocketswhenhewasassassinated,howtowriteNefertitiinhieroglyphics,orwhokilledOmarMojaddadiinthe1879battleatMaiwand.wampum：貝殼念珠wampumexchangerates：金錢匯率Nefertiti：奈費提蒂讀者對於很多事物感到好奇，如康斯坦次、TomCoffin、沒有對話的小說、ScrittiPolitti的意思、limbo(地邊)對於歷史及宗教的重要性、騎士雕像蹄的部位代表的意思、古老的城鎮Eugoa及Eugia的位置；他們想知道為什麼梵谷傷害自己後，醫師卻不幫他執行手術；他們想要得到“ZOtchlani”的英文翻譯、“俄羅斯人權宣言”、馬丁路德的演說—“我有一個夢想”中文版；他們需要一些詩的副本；他們有一行的詩文，並希望可以找到其完整的詩文背景。這些典型的公共圖書館參考問題都是來自於美國加州的參考中心—BALIS的地方公共圖書館的人文學參考問題抽樣。BALIS=BayAreaLibraryandInformationSystem海灣地區圖書交流服務機構Referral：轉介源自於社會服務領域，其目的在「指引個人到所需要的資源或服務」。關於BALISReferencereferralbeganinCaliforniawiththeBayAreaRefer-enceCenter,fundedbyaLibraryServicesandConstructionActgranttotheSanFranciscoPublicLibraryfromtheCalifomiaStateLibraryin1967.Sincethen,librarieshaveparticipatedinanever-changingnetworkforreferencereferral.Locallibrariesreferquestionstosecond-levelregionalcenters,whichcan,inmm,referunansweredquestionstothestate-widethird-levelcenter,theStateofCaliforniaAnsweringNetwork(SCAN).Specialandacademiclibrariesinteractwiththenetworkinvariousways.Services,poli-ciesandproceduresvaryfromcentertocenter,butamajoract~wtyisansweringpubliclibraryreferencequestionsonallsubjects.I'llfocusonaspectsofsecond-levelhumanitiesresearch,describingresourcesandstrategiesusedatBALLS,whichmaydiffersome-whatfromothercenters.LibrariansatSCANspecializebybroadsubjectareas,tobecomemoreproficientinresourcesinthoseareas.Referencecenterstryvariousstrategiestobetterservetheirwidelyvariedclientele.BALLSsponsoredaSpanishlanguageprojecttoidentifySpanishlanguageresources,purchasematerials,andprovidesecond-levelreferenceinSpanish.Achildren'sspecialistatBALLSprovidesexpertiseonquestionsonchildren'sliteratureandextendssecond-levelreferenceservicestochildren.BALISLibrariesfaxorsendformsthroughsystemdeliverytoBALLS.Wealsoencouragequestionsbytelephonetofacilitatereferralandinsurethattheformdoesnotcreateabarriertoservice.Personalcontactsbetweenlibrariansareanexcellentwaytofacilitatethereferralprocess;todevelopthosecontactsBALLSstaffattendslibrarystaffmeetings,supportswork-shopactivities,andconductsBALISorientations.Wekeepcommunicationopenwhileworkingonquestionsusingmemosorphonecallstoclarifyquestions.Attimes,partialinformationissentasarealitychecktomakesureweareontherighttrackbeforepursuingacompleteanswer.Thisbackandforthprocessofteninvolvesquestionsinthehumanities,whichfrequentlyneedinterpretationandclarification.Justfindinginformationinthehumanitiescanbechallenging.在人文學中尋找資訊是具有挑戰性的Findingthebestresourcemayrequiretimetolookthroughbothreferenceandcirculatingcollections,checkbibliographies,searchonlinecatalogs,andwaitforinterlibraryloandeliveries.要找到最好的來源可能需要花時間在找尋參考與流通的館藏，核對書目，搜尋線上目錄，以及等待館際互借Attimes,ourpatron'sexpectationsexceedwhatinformationisavailable有時候顧客的期望會超出我們可用的資訊。WhenIexhaustedmyresources,IturnedtoSCAN.Thiskindofwork(Second-levelresearch)istime-consumingbecauseweprovidepatronswithanswers,notsources.當我用盡我的資料來源，我轉向SCAN(StateofCaliforniaAnsweringNetwork加州答詢系統)。像這樣的次等調查是很耗時間的，因為我們提供給顧客的是答案不是來源。SCANSCAN:FocusesonCalifornialibraryreferencenewsandinformation.Includesupdatesonpublicofficials,listsofprestigiousawards,awho's-whoobituary,factsandfigures,andmovietie-ins.聚焦在加州圖書館相關新聞跟資訊，包括政府官員的最新消息、有關名望的獎項、名人錄、訃告、事實與數據，以及電影相關連結Impreciseknowledgeofwhatwearelookingforcancomplicatereferenceinthehumanities,ascanalackofindexing.ThepatronrequestingtherestofCoward,takethiscoward'shandmanyyearsagowasnotsureifitwasalinefromafilmorpoetry.Thelibrarianworkingonthisquestionhaswonderfulinstinctsforpoetry,andsearchedthroughbooksofcollectedpoetryafterfa'stcheckingallindexedpoemsoncowardice.HervirtuewasrewardedwhenshefoundEveMerriam'sTheCowardinacollectioneditedbyScottBates:PoemsofWarResistance.Todaythisquestionwouldbesimple,sincethelineisthelastinthepoem,andisnowindexedinFactsonFile'swonderfulreferencebookLastLines;anIndextotheLastLinesofPoetry.Itisstilldifficulttoidentifylineswhenwearenotsureiftheyarepoetry,proseorsong,particularlyiftheyareembeddedinthemiddleofthework.ThepatronwhoaskedforLindbergh'sIWanttobeaSpan