64灰度sxgatftlcd源极驱动芯片的设计与研究

上海交通大学硕士学位论文64灰度SXGATFT-LCD源极驱动芯片的设计与研究姓名：朱敏华申请学位级别：硕士专业：微电子与固体电子学指导教师：戴庆元20080101I64SXGATFT-LCDLCDCRTLCDLCDTVPCTFT-LCDLCDSXGA642600006623.3V9V65MHzγIISMIC0.35um3.3v/18VUNIXCadenceγIIISTUDYANDDESIGNOFA64GRAY-SCALESXGATFT-LCDSOURCEDRIVERABSTRACTWiththedevelopmentofinformationtechnology,LCDisbecomingmoreandmorepopularnowadays.ComparedtoCRTdevices,LCDismoreflexiblewithlowervoltageandpowerconsumption.Itisnowwidelyusedinmanyareassuchascomputer,TVindustryandevenspaceshuttles,especiallythoselarge-scaleTFT-LCDs.SourcedriverasoneofthemostimportantcomponentsinaTFT-LCDisrequiredtobefaster,smallerandhigherperformance.ThethesispresentsthedesignofanSXGA64gray-scaleTFT-LCDsourcedriverwhichcanrealizeafull-colordisplaywith260000kindsofcolors.Thedesigncanbemainlydividedintotwopartswhichisthedigitalpartandtheanalogpartseparately.Levelshiftermoduleisusedtotransferpowerlevelsbetweenthesetwoparts.Thedatainputisaserialinterfaceinaformatof66bit(2pixeleachtime).Inthedigitalpart,thepowersupplyis3.3Vwhileinanalogpart,9Visusedinordertomakemoregray-scalevoltages.65MHzisusedinthedigitalpartastheclocksignal.IVTheworkingprincipleandprocessofthesourcedriveristhoroughlyintroducedfirst.Thenbasedonsomeexamplesandexperience,thethesispresentsthegeneraldesignstructure.Bothdigitalpartandanalogpartarethenintroducedclearlyfromschematictosimulationresults.Therealizationofgammacorrectioncircuit,dot-inversionfunctionandoutputbufferareespeciallyintroduced.Finally,theoveralldesignisgivenbasedonalltheseparatemodules.Ontheall,thedesignisusingafull-customASICdesignmethodwith0.35um3.3v/18VtechnologyfilefromSMICandCadenceenvironmentsunderUNIX.Basedonalltheresultsofthesimulation,thewholedesignisprovedtobeaccordwiththespecificationsverywell.KEYWORDS:TFT,LCD,sourcedriver,gammacorrection11.1F.Reinitzer1888O.Lehmann“”“”2060,,1968RCAG.H.HeilmeierLCD[1]1971TN-LCD801984STN-LCDTFT-LCD80STN-LCDLCD1993TFT-LCDDSTN-LCDTFT-LCD1997550mm×670mmTFT-LCDTFT-LCD2EWSIC1.2TFT-LCDTFTTFTTFTIC10099.999985TFT10TFT-LCD5[2]1TFT-LCDTFT-LCDCRTTFT-LCDCRTTFT-LCD140TFT-LCD32TFT-LCDTFT-LCD3TFT-LCD-20+50TFT-LCD80TFT-LCD4TFT-LCD90%5TFT-LCDTFT-LCDTFT1.3TFT-LCD1.3.1TFT-LCDTFT-LCDTFT-LCDTFT-LCDTFT-LCDTFT-LCDTFT-LCDTFT-LCDLG.PhilipsLCDTFT-LCDTFT-LCD41.3.2TFT-LCDTFT-LCDTFT-LCD10TFT-LCDTFT-LCDTFT-LCDTFT-LCDTFT-LCDTFT-LCDTFT-LCDTFT-LCD“”[3]1.3.3TFT-LCDTFT-LCDTFT-LCDPCADCPLLScalerDe-interlacerOSDMCUTCONICLCDTFTSourceGateICDACTFTICTFTTFTTFT176×220240×320ICIC[4]DisplaySearch[31]TFT-LCD1.120062007TFT-LCD25TFT-LCD2005432010711.1TFT-LCD5TFT-LCD1.1DisplaySearchTFT-LCDTable1.1StatisticofTFT-LCDdemandfromDisplaySearch1.1TFT-LCDFigure1.1Statisticoflarge-scaleTFT-LCDproductionvalue1.4ASICASICApplicationSpecificIntegratedCircuitASIC6ASICASICASICASICASICASICFull-customASICASICSemi-customASICASICProgrammableASICASIC1.4.1ASICASIC1.2a[20]1.2aASICbASICFigure1.2(a)DesignflowofdigitalcircuitsforanASIC(b)DesignflowofanalogcircuitsforanASIC7ASIC[21-24]1)2)a.HDLHardwareDescriptionLanguageHDLCadenceVerilogSynopsysDesignCompilerVerilogVHDLb.CadenceComposer3)HDLCadenceVerilog-XLEDA4)BehavioralSynthesisHDLSynopsysDesignCompilerAmbitBuildGates5)6)[25]SynopsysTestCompilerCadenceVerifault7)SynopsysDesignCompilerCadence88)floorplanCadencePreviewBlockEnsembleCellEnsembleGateEnsembleSiliconEnsembleBlockEnsembleCellEnsembleGateEnsembleSiliconEnsemblePreview9)CadenceDRCERCLVSCadenceDivaDracula10)CadenceVerilog-XL11)1.4.2ASICASIC1.2b[26]192[26]34)5)6)[26]1.4.3ASICASICTop-DownBottom-Up10[5]1.5PDAGPSTFT-LCDICTFT-LCDICASIC“”SMIC0.35um3.3v/18VUNIXCadenceVirtusoSchematicComposerSpectre64D/ASXGATFT-LCD112.12.1.1LCDLCDLiquidCrystalDisplay201cmLCDLCD2.12.1Figure2.1StructureofLCDpanels2.1.2CRTLCD122.290°90°TFT-LCD“”FETFETFETFET2.2Figure2.2Principleofliquid-crystaldisplay132.2TFT-LCD2.2.1TFTTFT-LCD2.32.3TFT-LCDFigure2.3StructureofTFT-LCDdisplayelementTFT-LCDTFTRCTFT-LCDTNSTNTFT-LCD2.4TFT-LCDTFTGSTFTSDTFTGTFTSTFTCsTFT[6]142.4TFT-LCDFigure2.4TFT-LCDdisplayelementinthesystem2.2.2TFT-LCDTFT2.5TFT-LCDMNM×NMNM×N“”M×NTFT-LCDY1Y2Y3…YMX1X2X3…XNTFT-LCDTFT152.5TFT-LCDFigure2.5PrincipleofTFT-LCDsystemTFT-LCD“”YY1Y1TFTY1YMt1t2t3…twX1X2X3…XnTFTCcCsY1TFTY1TFTTFTMCs[5]SXGA162.2.3TFT-LCD2.6TFT-LCD6TFT-LCDTFT-LCD2.6TFT-LCDFigure2.6TFT-LCDdisplaysystemTFT-LCD17TFTTFTTFTTFT-LCD2.72.7Figure2.7WorkingprincipleofgatedriverTFTTFTTFTSXGATFT-LCDSXGA1280×1024SXGASuperExtendedGraphicsArraySXGA17,18and19SXGALCD2.8384102.8182.8Figure2.8SourcedriverinadisplaysystemCPULCDLCDTFT664D/A2.462.3[1]TFT-LCD19TFTTFTTFT[5]TFT-LCD42.941)2)3)4)TFT-LCDVGASVGATFT-LCDSXGATFT-LCD1280×1024[7]202.9Figure2.9FourkindsofLCDdrivingmethod2.42.103.3V65MHz9V16466bit6384384384/6=642343.3V9V3.3V9V3.3V9V56bitDAC21bitD/Aγγ6DACTFT-LCDTFT-LCDTFT-LCDD/A222.10Figure2.10BlockdiagramofTFT-LCDsoucedriver2.52.102.1232.1Table2.1DefinitionsofpinfunctionsPINPIN/RL/R/LHSTHRS1→S384STHLR/LLSTHLS384→S1STHRSTHRSTHLCLK2CLKCLKR/LHSTHRSTHLR/LLSTHLSTHRCLK6466STBSTBSTBD/A24POLPOL=LS2n-1V0~V4S2nV5~V9POL=H:S2n-1V5~V9S2nV0~V4S2n-1S2nD00~D05D10~D15D20~D25D30~D35D40~D45D50~D5566bit6×636bit36bitDX0LSBDX5MSBS1~S384384D/A64V0~V9γ——γ