百年战争对英国发展的历史意义

中国最大的论文知识平台:Thehundredyears’warbetweenEnglandandFranceisextendedfrom1337to1453,theendofthewarisconsideredtobeoneofthesignsofclosingtheMiddleAges.ThewarbroughtheavytragediestoEnglandandFrenchpeople.Italsocausedheavylossestobothcountries.However,throughthestudyonthisperiodofhistory,peoplearegoingtoseenotonlyhowthewarwasplayed,butalsotheinfluenceofthewarthatacceleratedthemakingthemodernFranceandbroughtEnglandagreatchange.AstoEngland,thewarconsolidatedthedominantpositionsoffeudalnoblesandknight'sclassofthecountrytemporarily.ThusitdelayedtheprocessoftheconcentrationofpoliticalpowerinEngland.Anditalsoexertedafar-reachinginfluenceonthenationalpatternwhichEnglandwouldtakeinthefuture.Thispapertriestogivethenarrationofthesequenceofthewaraffairsrelevanttohistoricalfactssystematically,andfindoutsomemeaningfulinterpretationsoutofthehistoricalfactssoastobringoutabasicunderstandingofthewarbetweenFranceandEnglandandtherecognitionofitshistoricalinteresttoEngland.KeyWords:TheHundredYears'War;England;history百年战争对英国发展的历史意义摘要：英法百年战争从1337年延续到1453年，其结束之年也被认为是中世纪结束的标志之一。战争英国和法国人民带来了深重的灾难，也给两国经济造成了很大的损失。但是，通过对历史的研究，人们不难发现这场战争对加速法兰西近代民族国家的形成起了很大作用，对英国而言，百年战争暂时巩固了封建贵族阶级和骑士阶级的统治地位，从而延缓了国家权力集中的进程，对英国形成日后的国家格局和走怎样的发展道路产生了深远的影响。本文通过对相关的历史史实的较为系统的整理和阐述，理清历史事实的脉络，并对战争给两国，特别是对英国在政治上、军事上和社会思想上所造成的的影响作出基本的评价。关键词：百年战争；英格兰；历史中国最大的论文知识平台:1337–1360.......................................53.2TheSecondPhaseoftheHundredYears'War:1369-1389...................................83.3TheThirdPhaseoftheHundredYears'War:1415-1429......................................93.4TheFourthPhaseoftheHundredYears'War:1429-1453..................................104.TheInfluencesoftheHundredYears'War.......................................114.1InfluenceonPolitics.............................................................................................114.2InfluenceonMilitary...........................................................................................124.3InfluenceonSociety............................................................................................135.Conclusion…………………………………………………………...13Bibliography………………...……………………………………………中国最大的论文知识平台:ThefirstphaseoftheHundredYears'War:1337–1360;thesecondphaseoftheHundredYears'War:1369-1389;thethirdphaseoftheHundredYears'War:1415-1429;thefourthphaseoftheHundredYears'War:1429-1453.TheinnerrelationshipsofthemanybattlesandpersonalitiesintheEnglish-Frenchstrugglebetween1337and1453producedacoherentwhole.Thebattleswerebothviolent,butalsooccasionswhenidealsofchivalryweredisplayed.TheHundredYearsWarwasapartofaseriesofeventsthatshiftedpeople'sthinkingandpavedthewayfortheperiodofReformationthatwouldfollow.TherehavebeenalotofstudiesontheMiddleAgesofWesternEuropeanddifferencesintheanalysishavebeennotedinthepaststudies,whichcoveredeveryaspectthatpeoplecouldconceiveof.AndtherehavebeensomeofstudiesontheHundredYears'WarintheMiddleAgesofWesternEuropewithitsfurtherimpactonEnglishsocietyintheanalysisalsohavebeennotedinthepaststudies.However,itisbelievedthattherearestillmanyissuesthatmaybeworthstudying.Andthispaperwillfocusonsomeofthem,thatis,tocheckthewaranditshistoricinteresttoEnglandfromdifferentperspectives.BackgroundThoughthewarstartedin1337,itsrootscanbefoundin1066,whenWilliam,DukeofNormandy,avassaloftheFrenchking,ledaninvasionofEngland.HedefeatedtheAnglo-SaxonKingHaroldIIattheBattleofHastings,andhadhimselfcrownedKingofEngland.AsDukeofNormandy,heremainedavassaloftheFrenchKing,andwasrequiredtoswearfealtytothelatterforhislandsinFrance;foraKingtoswearfealtytoanotherKingwasconsideredhumiliating,andtheNormanKingsofEnglandgenerallyattemptedtoavoidtheservice.OntheFrenchside,theCapetian中国最大的论文知识平台’snephew,seizedtheEnglishthroneandplungedthekingdomintocivilwarfornearlytwodecades.EventuallyStephenwasdefeated,andforcedtonameHenryPlantagenethissuccess