短文改错(公开课)

英语高考专题复习1.看不出句子有错，感觉越读越对。2.看得出句子错误,但无法改正。What’sthemaintroublewhencorrectingacomposition?Anyrules？Anyskills？Howtocorrect？短文改错Proof-readingPassagecorrecting考查内容一.词的用法1）连词2）冠词3）介词4）形容词和副词二.一致性问题：1）主谓一致2）名词的单复数一致3）代词的指代一致4）时态语态一致5）非谓动词与逻辑主语一致6）行文逻辑关系的一致动词动词形：无论是谓语动词还是非谓语动词，动词错误就是原形、一般现在时、第三人称单数形式、一般过去式、现在分词、过去分词、动名词等动词形式的错误。如：(2016全国Ⅰ卷)Itisalwayscrowdedwithcustomersatmealtimes.SomePeopleevenhadtowaitoutside.Myuncletellsmethat…have一、动词形错误主要包括两类：1.时态和语态2.主谓一致(2016全国Ⅱ卷)Wecanchosebetweenstayingathomeandtakingatrip.(2016全国Ⅲ卷)IshowedthemIwasindependentbywearstrangeclothes.choosewearing解决方案(1)通读全文，搞清文中动词时态的主旋律.(2)结合语境，灵活运用时态形式.(3)认真推敲，准确把握主动与被动.[考点剖析]此类题的错误设置一般包括以下几个方面：(1)短文中时态的使用前后不一致.(2)在特定语境条件下时态的误用(如含有状语从句的复合句中，主句用将来时态，而从句中则用一般现在时态).(3)主动语态和被动语态的混用.(2016全国Ⅱ卷)Ifwegoonatripabroad,wecanbroadenourviewandgainknowledgeswecannotgetfrombooks.(2016全国Ⅲ卷)Theteenageyearfrom13to19werethemostdifficulttimeforme.knowledgeyears二、名词数名词单、复数形式1.理清可数与不可数名词之间的区别与联系.2.记清一些用于固定词组中名词的特殊用法.3.结合语境认真分辨同义名词或近义名词.1.形容词和副词混用，2.三级错用三、还要注意形和副１修饰名词，be动词，系动词要用形容词２修饰动词，形容词，整个句子用副词３比较级和最高级的使用(2016全国Ⅰ卷)Instead,hehopesthathisbusinesswillgrowsteady.(2016全国Ⅲ卷)Atonetime,Ieverfeltmyparentscouldn’tunderstandme,soIhopedIcouldbefreelyfromthem.steadilyfree(2016全国Ⅲ卷)Theywerealsothebestandworseyearsinmylife.worst(2012课标卷)IlearnedearlyinlifethatIhadtobemorepatientandlittleaggressive.(2009大纲Ⅰ卷)TheSichuanRestaurantandtheolderfishshopacrossthestreetfromourmiddleschoolaregone.lessold考点剖析:(1)形容词和副词的混用，是短文改错中常见的考点之一.(2)比较级和最高级的混用或误用.(3)比较级和最高级修饰语的误用以及近义词的误用.四、非谓语，细辨别1.不定式符号to的多余与遗漏2.现在分词与过去分词混用SoonIbegantoenjoytalktomyselfonpaperasIwaslearningtoexpressmyselfinsimpleEnglish.2007宁夏卷：LiMengcameseemeeveryday.talking∧to四、非谓语，细辨别2008浙江卷：ItisoneofthefunniestthingsfindingontheInternetsofarthisyear.学生版：Thebigfireburnedhundredsofhouses,madehundredsoffamilieshomeless.makingfound(1)纵观全文或全句，明确句中动词所作的句子成分.(2)系统掌握非谓语动词的句法功能.(3)前后联系，整体把握.五、代词格，细领悟高考链接6：IheardthatMr.WangwouldteachourEnglishthisterm.us1.人称代词主格和宾格，物主代词的使用．２．反身代词oneself的使用．3．不定代词的使用．4．Both,all,either,neither,none的使用.5.Whose和who’s，its和it’s的区别．人称单数复数主格宾格主格宾格第一人称第二人称第三人称Imeweusyouyouyouyouhehimsheheritittheythem单数复数形容词性物主代词myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名词性物主代词mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs1.人称代词格的误用2.代词与所指代的内容在性和数方面不一致3.作形式主语与形式宾语it的遗漏或误用五、代词格，细领悟2007全国Iwasonlyaboutsixwhenheheldhishandouttome.Itookitinmeandwewalked.mine2007陕西：JustatthattimeIwokeupandfoundmestillinbed!myselfWemusttryour’sbesttoovercomealldifficultiestosolvethisparticularproblems.our[考点剖析]此类题的错误设置一般包括以下几个方面：1)代词指代的人或事物前后不一致的错误.2)“it”一词的不当使用(包括用于从句中或作形式主语或宾语).3)不定代词或反身代词的误用.连词but，and，or和so的用法错误冠词a,an,the误用或混用六、冠词、连词常光顾△连词：(2016全国Ⅰ卷)Thoughnotverybig,buttherestaurantispopularinourarea.(2013全国Ⅰ卷)Hehadadeepvoice,whichsethimapartfromothersinoursmalltown,hewasstrongandpowerful.and△冠词：(2016全国Ⅱ卷)Butinthatcase,wewilllearnlittleaboutworld.the(2016全国Ⅲ卷)Atthefirst,IthoughtIkneweverythingand…考点剖析:(1)并列连but,and,or,so等词的混用，常常出现在改错题中。(2)并列连词和从属连词的混用。(3)平行结构方面的错误。主要考查习惯搭配方面的基础知识，其错误表现形式主要有三种：多词、少词和搭配错误。catchasightoflosemyheartinhurryinSundayafternoonsuchmanypeopleinashortaon∨so七、习惯用法要记住1.Havesthoncommon2.Haveaneffectinsb3.Losetheheart4.Makeagreatprogress5.Thewarwasbrokeout6.Theaccidentwashappened7.Inthehurry8.Sharesthforsb9.Apairofshoe10.Alotofequipments11.Generalspeaking12.AssoonaspossiblyinontheawaswasawithshoesequipmentGenerallypossible多词、少词和搭配七、习惯用法要记住解析方案:(1)平时的学习中注意积累语言知识，特别是一些固定搭配的记忆.(2)强化语法训练，分清连词，副词和介词之间的区别和句法功能.(3)语法知识的记忆和语感的培养结合起来.八、句子成分多分析不同的句子成分要用不同的词类；不同的语境要选择不同的词语。只有对句子结构和成分作细致的分析，才能找出用词不当的错误。2008年安徽卷:Shelookedatmeandstartedtolaugh.“Howareyoulaughing?”Iasked.2007天津卷：Iwasluckyenoughtohaveateacherwhichdidn’ttakemybadgradesasajudgementofmyabilities,but…who/thatWhy九、逻辑错误须关注与句子的上、下文不一致，甚至相矛盾，属于逻辑性错误，如称谓上的张冠李戴。2006四川卷：Thatnight，wesatdowntowhattheythoughtwouldbeapleasant,uninterruptedmeals.学生版:Somestudentsmayalsosaveupforourcollegeorfutureuse.wetheirWhenIwasinhighschool,mostofmyfriendhadbicycles.IhopedIcouldalsohaveit.OnedayIsawasecond-handbicycle,thatwasonlyonehundredyuan.Iaskedmyfatherthemoney.friends名词数one代词格，细领悟which句子成分多分析for习惯用法要记住Buthesaidhecouldonlygivemehalfofthemoney.Heshouldfindtheotherhalfmyself.SoIwenttosellnewspapersaftertheschool.MyfatherwaspleasingwhenIshowedhimthemoneyamonthafter.I逻辑错误需关注冠词连词常关顾还要注意形和副pleasedlater习惯用法要记住Hegivesmetheotherfifty.YoucanimaginewhatmuchhappyIwaswhenIrodetoschoolonmyownbicycle.gave动词形how句子成分多分析1.改变形式以“实词”居多2.添删以“虚词”居多3.多“改正”少“添删”4.改后要保持原意不变5.小心局部通顺陷阱应试原则Practicemakesperfect.