Unit 4 The Nightingale and the rose

Unit4TheNightingaleandtheRose•教学目的：通过《夜莺与玫瑰》使学生对神话故事中的爱情展开讨论并理解作者OscarWilde透过表面的神话故事所隐含的对人生的评论。•教学内容：作者及背景知识介绍；文章结构及写作风格、技巧赏析；掌握重点词汇及完成练习；•教学重点：识别关键词汇及分析理解难句。•教学方法:讲授、问答、讨论、模仿、练习、作业等。Unit4TheNightingaleandtheRoseI.BackgroundKnowledgeAbouttheauthor:OscarWilde’searlyschoolyears•In1871,OscarwasawardedaRoyalSchoolScholarshiptoTrinityCollegeinDublin.Again,hedidparticularlywellinClassics,earningfirstinhisexaminationsin1872andearningthehighesthonortheCollegecouldbestowonanundergraduate-aFoundationScholarship.•In1874,OscarcrownedhissuccessesatTrinitywithtwofinalachievements.HewontheCollege'sBerkeleyGoldMedalforGreekandwasawardedascholarshiptoMagdalenCollege,Oxford.1874-1878,HehadabrilliantcareeratOxford,wherehewonthePrizeforEnglishverseforapoem.EvenbeforehelefttheUniversityin1878Wildehadbecomeknownasoneofthemostaffectedoftheprofessorsoftheaestheticcraze,andforseveralyearsitwasasthetypicalaesthetethathekepthimselfbeforethenoticeofthepublic.OscarWilde’sworksPoems1881TheHappyPrinceAndOtherTales1888DorianGray1890TheHouseOfPomegranates1891TheBalladofReadingGoal1898Plays:LadyWindermere'sFan1892.AWomanofNoImportance1893.AnIdealHusband1895TheImportanceofBeingEarnest1895Criticism:•amanoffargreateroriginalityandpowerofmindthanmanyoftheapostlesofaestheticismundoubtedtalentsinmanydirectionsasatypicalaesthetethathekepthimselfbeforethenoticeofthepublicapoetofgracefuldictionplaywrightofskillandsubtlehumor•adramatistwhoseplayshadallthecharacteristicsofhisconversations•Allthesepieceshadthesamequalities--aparadoxicalhumourandapervertedoutlookonlifebeingthemostprominent.Theywerepackedwithwittysayings,andtheauthor'sclevernessgavehimatonceapositioninthedramaticworldOscarWilde’sbeliefArtforart’ssakeTheonlypurposeoftheartistisart,notreligion,orscience,orinterest.Hewhopaintsorwritesonlyforfinancialreturnortopropagandizepoliticalandeconomicinterestscanonlyarousefeelingofdisgust.QuotesfromOscarWilde’sWorks:QuotesonMenMenbecomeold,buttheyneverbecomegood.LadyWindermere'sFan.Richbachelorsshouldbeheavilytaxed.Itisnotfairthatsomemenshouldbehappierthanothers.InConversation.Menarehorriblytediouswhentheyaregoodhusbands,andabominablyconceitedwhentheyarenot.AWomanofNoImportance.LadyWindermere:...Idon'tlikecompliments,andIdon'tseewhyamanshouldthinkheispleasingawomanenormouslywhenhesaystoherawhileheapofthingsthathedoesn'tmean.LadyWindermere'sFan.QuotesonWomanOneshouldnevertrustawomanwhotellsoneherrealage.Awomanwhowouldtellonethat,wouldtelloneanything.AWomanofNoImportance.Cryingistherefugeofplainwomenbuttheruinofprettyones.LadyWindermere'sFan.Womenknowlifetoolate.Thatisthedifferencebetweenmenandwomen.AWomanofNoImportance.Womenaremeanttobeloved,nottobeunderstood.TheSphinxWithoutaSecret.QuotesonLoveOneshouldalwaysbeinlove.Thatisthereasononeshouldnevermarry.InConversation.Toloveoneselfisthebeginningofalife-longromance.PhrasesandPhilosophiesfortheUseoftheYoung.Amancanbehappywithanywomanaslongashedoesnotloveher.ThePictureofDorianGray.Youngmenwanttobefaithfulandarenot;oldmenwanttobefaithlessandcannot.ThePictureofDorianGray.II.TextAnalysisStructure•1)Nightingalestruckbythe“themysteryoflove”•2)Nightingalelookingforaredrosetofacilitatethelove•3)Nightingalesacrificingherlifeforaredrose•4)StudentdiscardingtheredroseGenreofthisstoryanditscharacteristics:Fairytales-fairiesplayapart-containsupernaturalormagicalelements-children’sstories-fullofveiledcommentsonlifeCharacteristics:•1)personificationofbirds,insects,animalsandtrees•2)vivid,simplenarration---typicaloftheoraltraditionoffairytales•3)repetitivepatternSymbolicmeaningsof“Redrose”,“Lizard”“Butterfly”and“Nightingale”:Symbolicmeanings:Redrose---truelove,whichneedsconstantnourishmentofpassionsofthelovers.Lizard---cynic(cynicalpeople)cynic:apersonwhoseeslittleornogoodinanythingandwhohasnobeliefinhumanprogress;personwhoshowsthisbysneeringandbeingcontemptuous.Nightingale---atruthful,devotedpursueroflove,whodarestosacrificehisownpreciouslifeStudent---notatruelover,ignorantoflove,notpersistentinpursuingloveWilde’scommentsinalettertooneofhisfriends(May1888):Thenightingaleisthetruelover,ifthereisone.She,atleast,isRomance,andthestudentandthegirlare,likemostofus,unworthyofRomance.So,atleast,itseemstome,butIliketofancythattheremaybemanymeaningsinthetale,forinwritingitIdidnotstartwithanideaandclotheitinform,butbeganwithaformandstrovetomakeitbeautifulenoughtohavemanysecretsandmanyanswers.Otheranalyses1)TheStudent'sone-sidedpreferenceforwordknowledgeoveremotionsisclearfromthemomenthefirstseestherose.Itissobeautiful,hesays,thatIamsureithasalongLatinname.TheStudent,theyoungwoman,andtheirsocietyareallone-sidedpsychically.Theyhavedevaluedthecapacitytolove,heresymbolizedbyboththeNightingaleandtherose.2)TherelationshipofheadandheartisacentralconcernofWilde'sfairytales.Promisingtoprovidetheredroseoutofmusicbymoonlightandtostainitwithmyownheart's-blood,theNightingaleasksoftheStudentonlythathewillbeatruelover,forLoveiswiserthanPhilosophy,thoughsheiswise,andmightierthanPower,ButtheStudentcannotunderstandwhattheNightingalesays,forheonlykn