sonnet 18赏析

WilliamShakespeare1564-1616dramatist,manoftheatre,andpoetHewasbornon23April1564anddiedon23April1616.154sonnets2longpoems37playsTragediesComediesHistoryplaysRomanplaysShakespeare’sWorksShakespeare’sFourTragediesHamlet《哈姆雷特》KingLear《李尔王》“OthelloMacbeth《麦克白》Theseareoftenconsideredhisgreatestplays.•Hamlet,PrinceofDenmark•ThesummitofShakespeare’sart•Hamlet:PrinceofDenmark•Claudius:thenewking•Gertrude:QueenofDenmark•Ophelia:daughterofPolonius•WhoisHamlet?•1.Ahumanist,freefrommedievalprejudicesandsupersitions•Infinitelovefortheworldratherforheaven•Profoundloveandrespectforman,andafirmbeliefinman’spoweroverdestiny•2.ThishumanistloveofmanmakesHamletturntothosearoundhim(hisfather,Ophelia)withthesamesincereeagerness.Helovesgoodandhatesevil.Heshowsacontemptforrankandwealth.Akingandbeggarareallonetohim.Hisdemocratictendencyisbasedonhishumanistthought.•3.Manofsuperbintelligence,acloseobserverofmenandmanners,heeasilyseesthroughpeople.Hecouldpenetratebelowthesurfaceofthings.Heisforever.•unmaskingtheworld.Hediscovershowwickedandunjusttheworldhelivesinis.Hisobservationofhisworldissummedupinabittersentence:“Denmarkisaprison.”•Hamletisnotamerescholar,simplymeditativebynature.Onthecontrary,Hamletisamanofgenius,highlyaccomplishedandeducated,amanofprofoundperceptionandsparklingwit.Heisascholar,soldierandstatesmanallcombined.HisimagereflectstheversatilityofthemenoftheRenaissance.•Hamlet’smelancholyistheresultofhispenetratingmind.•AnexplanationofHamlet’shesitation:•Hamletgivesareason.Ifhekillsthevillainnow,hewouldsendhissoultoheaven;andhewouldratherkillhissoul.•Realreason:Actuallyheisshrinkingfromhisresponsibilityofpremeditatedkillingofakinganditspoliticalresult,becauseatthattimetheabruptdeathoftheKingmightcausepanictothepeopleanddangertothestate.Sowhatheconsidersnowisnolongerhispersonalwrongbutthefateofhiscountry.•AFreudianexplanation:OedipuscomplexQuotations:1)Hamlet,III:1Tobe,ornottobe:thatisthequestion.2)All'sWellThatEndsWell,I:2Loveall,trustafew,dowrongtonone.3)TwelfthNight,II:5Benotafraidofgreatness.Someareborngreat,someachievegreatness,andsomehavegreatnessthrustupon'em.4)MerchantofVenice,III:1Ifyouprickusdowenotbleed?Ifyoutickleusdowenotlaugh?Ifyoupoisonusdowenotdie?Andifyouwrongus,shallwenotrevenge?5)AsYouLikeIt,II,viiAlltheworld'sastage,andallthemenandwomenmerelyplayers:theyhavetheirexitsandtheirentrances;andonemaninhistimeplaysmanyparts,hisactsbeingsevenages.6)Itisawisefatherthatknowshisownchild.7)Neitheraborrowernoralenderbe;Forloanoftlosesbothitselfandfriend,Andborrowingdullstheedgeofhusbandry..)MACBETHOut,out,briefcandle!Life'sbutawalkingshadow,apoorplayerThatstrutsandfretshishouruponthestageAndthenisheardnomore:itisataleToldbyanidiot,fullofsoundandfury,Signifyingnothing.TheTragedyofHamlet,PrinceofDenmark•HamletisregardedasShakespeare’smostpopularandgreatestplayonthestage.•Hamletisalsoconsideredthesummitofshakespearesart.Thestorycomesfromanolddanishlegend.•.•ThestoryTheactionoftheplayislaidin•Denmark.Gertrude,queenofDenmark,widowedbythesuddendeathoftheking,withintwomonthsmarriesthelatekingsbrotherClaudiuswhothunbecomesthenewking.Princehamlet,sonofthelakeking,returnshomefromtheuniversityofWittenberg.hesuspectsfoulplayonthepartofClaudius,hisuncle.ThenhisfathersghostappearstohimatthecastleofElsinor,andconfirmshamletssuspicion.Heundertakestoavengethemurder.TodullClaudiussvigilance,hamletpretendstohavegonemad.However,hismadnessistakenbyPolonius,anoldcourtier,tobeanemotionaldisturbanceduetohispassionforOphilia,daughterofPolonius.•Atthismoment,acompanyofplayersvisitsthecastle,andhamlethasaplayacted,whichresemblesthelatekingsmurder.Claudiusisdeeplydisturbedbytheperformanceandleavesthehallbeforetheplayisfinished.Hamletissummonedbyhismother,whotellshimthathehasoffendedtheking.HamletrevealsClaudiussbasenessandexpresseshisindignationatherhastymarriage.Thenhamletbecomesawarethatheisbeingoverheardintheconversation.ThinkingitisClaudiusthatisinhiding,herunshisswordthroughthearrasbutfindstheeavedropperthuskilledtobePolonius.•Togetrideofhamlet,claudiussendhimtoenglandandsendsassasinstokillhimonthevoyage.Buthamletsucceedsincomingoutofitaliveandreturnstodenmarkagain.Heart-brokenatthedeathofherfather,pooropheliagoesmadandthenisdrownedinastream.Hamletreturnsjustatthetimeofopheliasfuneral.Inthegrave-yardhehasaquarrelwithlaertes,opheliasbrother.•Latertesvowstoavengethedeathofhissisterandfather.Withhimclaudiusarrangesthatlaertesistochallengehamlettoafriendlyduelandkillhimwithapoisonedrapier.Intheswordplay,laerteswoundshamletbutishimselfstruckwiththesamepoisonedrapierbyhamlet.Beforedeath,laertesrevealstheplottohamlet.Thequeen,atthismoment,hasdrunkfromapoisonedcupintendedforhamlet.Hamletthen,inapassion,stabsclaudius.Thequeendies,claudiusdies,laertesdies,hamletdies.Andhamletsbodyisborneoffwithmilitaryceremonial,byfortinbrashissuccessor.Therestissilence.•Thetragicalhistoryofhamlet,princeofdenmark(1601)《丹麦王子哈姆雷特的悲剧故事》是根据13世纪初丹麦历史学家saxogrammaticus的记载，叙述丹麦王子哈姆雷特替父亲报仇，杀死他的篡夺王位的叔父的