名词性从句讲解 超详细 很实用

Task:Analyzethestructuresofthefollowingsentences.A:1.Ateacherisahelper.2.Hisgirlfriendisateacher.3.Hecalledateacherforhelp.4.HeisMr.Li,ateacher.B:1.Thathewaskilledistrue.2.Thenewsisthathewaskilled.3.Ihaveheardthathewaskilled.4.Ihaveheardthenewsthathewaskilled.Ateacherisahelper.Thathewaskilledistrue.Hisgirlfriendisateacher.Thenewsisthathewaskilled.{{{Hecalledateacherforhelp.Ihaveheardthathewaskilled.{HeisMr.Li,ateacher.Ihaveheardthenewsthathewaskilled.1.定义:在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫名词从句（NounClauses）。2.功能:名词从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等3:分类:因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。1Thathewillsucceediscertain.2Whetherhewillgothereisnotknown.3Whathesaidisnottrue.4Wherehehidthemoneyistobefoundout.5Itissaidthatheisateacher.1.Theyknowthatthehabitwillkillthem.2.HeaskedhowmuchIpaidfortheviolin.3.Ifinditnecessarythatweshoulddothehomework.1.Thequestioniswhetherwecanrelyonhim.2.That’sbecausewewereinneedofmoneyatthattime.3.That’swhyIwaslate.同位语从句在句中充当同位语成分，其一般跟在有内容名词（idea；belief；fact；truth；problem；news等）后面，对名词内容作进一步解释说明.1)Theideathatcomputerscanrecognizehumanvoicessurprisesmanypeople.2)WordcamethatNapoleonhimselfwascomingtovisitthem.3)Sydneykepthispromisethathewouldalwaysdoanythingtomakeherhappy.4.连接词：{疑问语气:陈述语气:连接代词:连接副词:无成分词:what,which,who(m),whatever,whichever,who(m)everwhen,where,why,how,becausethat/whether(if)that,whatever,whichever,who(m)ever,becausewhat,which,who(m),when,where,why,how,whether(if)锁定谓动，顺藤摸瓜，理清主从（主？从？）依据谓动，分析句子结构（？从？成分）依据词性，缩小范围，根据句意，最终确定5、解题步骤：1.Seetheflagsontopofthebuilding?Thatwas______wedidthismorning.（2006全国I）A.whenB.whichC.whereD.what2.Pleaseremindme_______hesaidhewasgoing.Imaybeintimetoseehimoff.（2006全国I）A.whereB.whenC.howD.what3.---Whatdidyourparentsthinkaboutyourdecision?---Theyalwaysletmedo_______IthinkIshould.（2006全国III）A.whenB.thatC.howD.whatDBDJusthaveago.Canyouchoosethebestanswertoeachsentencefrom06NMET?6.易错点：A.从句语序：B.连接词的比较：C.关于形主、形宾it:D.关于同位语的两个问题：E.关于that的省略:疑问词前置，后陈述语序when/where/why/how/becausethat/whether/asif/asthough（if不引导表语从句)who/whom/whose/which/whatHowwashesuccessfulisstillapuzzle.()Howhewassuccessfulisstillapuzzle.()你能告诉我他住在什么地方吗？FTTF他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜。Couldyoutellmewherehelives?()Couldyoutellmewheredoeshelive?()他是怎么成功的?Howwashesuccessful?()Howhewassuccessful?()FT（1）that和what的选用that和what都可引导所有的名词从句。但是，what除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当成分，可做从句的主语、宾语、或表语。而that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。1.______hewantsisabook.2.______hewantstogothereisobvious.B.连接词的比较（2）if和whether的选用(whetherif)a.主语从句b.表语从句c.同位语从句e.介词后的宾语从句f.whethertodo做动词宾语不能用iftodo.gwhetherornot连在一起引导宾语从句时不用if.不能使用if的情况：1.Ihavenoidea_________hecomesfrom.2.Hecan’tanswerthequestion________hegotthemoney.3.Hegaveusmanysuggestions________weshouldgetupearlierandtakemoreexercise.4.Ihavenodoubt________hewillwin.5.Ihavesomedoubt________hewillwinC.关于形主、形宾it为避免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻,经常用it作形式主/宾语,主/宾语从句放在后面作真正的主/宾语.1.Itissaidthathewillcomebacknextweek.2.Ifinditimportantthatweshouldknowmoreabouttheworld注：1、形式主语/形式宾语只能用it2、形式主语/形式宾语中的虚拟语气（建议、命令）。如：Itisimportant(necessary,natural,strange)that…..sb.find(think…)+it+important(necessary,natural,strange)that…..that可省略的情况：主语从句表语从句同位语从句用it做形式宾语的宾语从句并列的宾语从句中的后几个从句的引导词that不能省略宾语从句中的第一个that可省略that不可省略的情况：D.that的保留与省略1.Idon’tthink________sheiscoming.2.Itisapity________hehasmadesuchamistake.3.Thereasonis_________heiscareless.4.Thenews________ourteamwonthematchinspiredus.5.Idon’tthinkitnecessary_________youshouldreadEnglishaloud.6.Hetoldme__________hisfatherhaddiedand__________hehadtomakealivingalone.(that)thatthatthatthat(that)that1、辨别陈述语气与疑问语气Ihavenodoubt…Ihavenoidea…2、用虚拟语气（建议、命令）的同位语suggestion,order,demand,request…E.关于同位语的两点