[高三英语]完形填空金

完形填空解题技巧讲解2012高三备考复习WelcometomyclassCrazyEnglish1).Heisfat,whilehissisteristhin.2).Usuallyhecomestoschoolearly,buttodayheislate.3).Heusedtobeateacher,butheisawriternow.4).Tomisaworker,andheworksinthefactory.5).Apolicemannotonlyworksintheday,butalsoworksatnight.6).Shewasinsuchahurrytoleavethatshehadnotimetosaygoodbyetome.7).Hewasverytiredbecausehedidn’tgetmuchsleeplastnight.8).Hewaslateforschoolbecausehisbikebrokedownonthewaytoschool知识目标(Teachingaims)●了解句子、段落、篇章中衔接与连贯提示性词语(cluewords)及其重现和同现手段(reiteration&collocation)。[ri,ɪtə'reʃən][kɔlə'keiʃən]●掌握完形填空中运用重现和同现的解题技巧，并利用其解题。Warming-upGuessingthemissingwords.1)___________arehelpfultostudents.2)___________arehelpfultostudents.Theygivethemknowledge.3)___________arehelpfultostudents.Inclasstheyteachthemknowledgeandafterclasstheycareforthemlikeparents.4)___________arehelpfultostudents.Theykeepthemhealthy.(Teachers,Books,Exercises,Doctors,Police,Parents…)(Teachers,Books)(Teachers)(Doctors,Nurses)Whatisaclueword?Aclueword(提示词)isveryusefulinacloze,accordingtothecluewords,you'llfindit'smucheasiertodoacloze.NowIgiveyousomesentencesPayattentiontocluewords1)Heis___,whilehissisteristhin.2)Usuallyhecomestoschool____,buttodayheislate.fatcluewordscluewordsearly3)He_______beateacher,butheisawriternow.usedtocluewordsFillintheblanksandfindoutthecluewords1.Tomisaworker,andheworksinthe_______.2.Apolicemannotonlyworksinthe______,butalsoworksatnight.3.Shewasinsuchahurrytoleavethatshehad_____timetosaygoodbyetome.4.Hewasvery______becausehedidn’tgetmuchsleeplastnight.5.Hewas_____forschoolbecausehisbikebrokedownonthewaytoschool.factorydaynotiredlateCollocation同现Reiteration重现clueword提示词Whatisreiteration?原词重现同义词或近义词重现上下义词重现(词的总结和分解)英语的“重现”是指某一个单词的同义、近义、上义、下义、同源(根)的单词、短语或者句子反复地在文章中出现，来强调这个概念。1.原词重现：有时为了表达的需求，在上下文中有同一概念出现，可以借助这一信息选择正确答案。Fromthetimeeachofmychildrenstartedschool,Ipackedtheirlunches…SinceIwasstillmakinglunchforhisyoungerbrother,I35oneforMarc,too.(2008年全国卷Ⅱ)35.A.packedB.fetchedC.boughtD.filled2.同义词或近义词重现原文表达中，可借助意思相同或相近的词，有时则是用解释性的语言来连接上下文的语义。…whenSamshowedsignsofautism(自闭症)attheageoftwo.Hehadactuallystoppedtalkingbeforethediscoveryofthesigns.He48tocommunicatewithothers,eventhefamilymembers.(NMET2010重庆）A.triedB.refusedC.regrettedD.hoped3.上下义词重现:上下义词是指词的总结和分解关系,上义词是总称词,下义词是其包含的个体或种类。如:food是bread,milk,rice的上义词，反之bread,milk,rice是food的下义词。Hetaughtherhowtorelyonherother40,speciallyherhearing…(NMET2010湖北）A.feelingB.organsC.skillsD.sensesWhatiscollocation?语义场同现（语境）修饰同现（关系）因果同现（关系）结构同现（关系）反义同现（关系）英语的“同现”手段实际上就是一组具有相同倾向性(就是某种关系)的词语，并往往与文章中心主线的导向一致。看到“hospital”这个词,你会想到……patient,doctor,illness,headache,hurt,pain,cure…看到patient,doctor,illness,headache,hurt,pain,cure…这些词你会想到“hospital”同现1.语义场同现（语境）：围绕同一话题或场景出现，如patient,doctor,illness,headache,hurt,pain,cure等都是围绕_________这个语义展开的。Thesetellthestoryofamotherwhosebabygrows23andpale…（NMET2008广东）A.sickB.slimC.shortD.smallhospitalWouldyougotothepileofletters/markedwith“Funny”/ifweneedachatortothe“Disabled”boxtofindadvicefrompeopleinwheelchair_____inbedlivinghappilyandsuccessfully.(江苏卷)A.muchB.neverC.evenD.seldom分析：空格前说的是peopleinwheelchair,而后面说的是inbed,由此可看出两种情况存在着递进关系。2.修饰同现（修饰关系）:指词语之间存在固定的修饰关系，如修饰thenumberof要用___________，而不能用____________Somepeoplegetsickeasily.Somestruggletotheirmoneyproperly.A.manageB.raiseC.workD.takelarge或smallmany或littleIaswellasmyfriends1)___________inthestreet.Suddenly,I2)_________byacrazydog.Foutunately,myfriendssentmetoahospitalassoonaspossible,whichsavedme.1)A.amwalkingB.waswalkingC.werewalkingD.arewalking2)A.bitB.wasbittenC.beatD.wasbeaten①主谓一致B.waswalkingB.wasbitten3.因果同现（因果关系）：在某一句或某一段中，前后的词语之间有时存在着必然的因果关系。Ihadbeensittinginawheelchairfor20yearsbeforethen…Being41tomovefreely,Ihavelearnedtositstill…(NMET2010重庆）A.readyB.unableC.anxiousD.eagerWefeel1.____andfallasleepatnightandbecome2._____andenergeticduringtheday.(全国卷)1.A.dullB.tiredC.dreamyD.peaceful2.A.regularB.excitedC.livelyD.clear分析：根据语境，人感疲劳了（tired）了，于是就要睡觉（fallasleep），注意其中的表示因果关系。同样根据常识，人疲劳后晚上睡上一觉，第二天起来又会充满活力（lively）。Ifnecessary,youevencankeepa____ofthemindetailinyourjournalforthepleasureofafterthought.A.recordB.wordC.touchD.note4.结构同现（结构关系）:前后词语之间的搭配共同满足一定的语法结构要求。Istartedsurfingaboutfiveyearsagoand______inlovewiththesportsmantheveryfirstday.A.stayedB.cameC.droppedD.fellfallinlovewith爱上，喜欢上5.反义同现（反义关系）：前后出现的词表达着相反的含义。Notallofthesefairiesarethefriendly,people-lovingcharactersthatappearinDisneyfilms,andinsomefolktalestheyare22andcausemuchhumansuffering.(NMET2008广东)22.A.powerfulB.cruelC.frightenedD.extraordinarySomeonehadtakenthe____diamondandputafaultyoneinitsplace.(全国卷Ⅱ)A.realB.pureC.rightD.exact本题中afaultyone是一个暗示要填一个反义词，相比之下只有A最贴切。Practicemakesperfect.1）.Soin1991hebegantoinvitesmallgroupsofkidstogofishingwith…Youtookme______whenIwasinfifthgrade.(NMET2010天津)A.fishingB.sailingC.boatingD.swimming原词重现重复暗示2.Butthenagain,wouldtherebeachairinRoom5?Orwoulditbea(an)__________room?...Buttomysurprise,theroomwasn’temptyatall?IsawfurnitureandaTVset…AsmallB.emptyC.newD.neat3）.Thesetellthestoryofamotherwhosebabygrowssickandpaleandhaschangedsomuchthatitisalmost24totheparents.(NMET20