现在完成时讲解

人民教育出版社九年级复习课抚松县外国语学校沈晓玲现在完成时主语+have/has+过去分词（pp）助动词,无意义Springhasalreadycome.（一）现在完成时的构成①肯定结构：注意：1.主语是第三人称单数时助动词用___2.主语是其他人称时助动词用_____。hashave3②否定结构：主语+________+___+过去分词+其他注意：havenot=_______；hasnot=______not3Springhasalreadycome.（变否定句）Spring______________________.hasn'tcome现在完成时的构成have/hashaven’thasn’tyetalready和yet区别1.Theyhave_________finishedmyhomework.2.Haveyoufinishedmyhomework_______？alreadyyet4③一般疑问句结构：_________+主语+__________+其他肯定回答：Yes，主语+___________否定回答：No,主语+___________.Have/Has4Springhasalreadycome.（变一般疑问句并肯定回答）现在完成时的构成__________spring___________?Hascomeyet过去分词have/has.haven’t/hasn’tYes,__________.ithas•1.Ihavevisitedthehistorymuseum.•（变一般疑问句并作否定回答）A:____you______thehistorymuseum?B:No,__________.2.TinahasalreadyreadTreasureIsland.（变否定句）Tina_________TreasureIslandyet.HavevisitedIhaven’thasn’tread过去分词和过去式的变化相同一般在动词词尾直接加ed。pick→wish→以不发音的e结尾的动词后面加d。like→hope→过去分词变化规则：picked→picked;wished→wished;liked→liked;hoped→hoped;1.2.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，变y为i，再加-ed。如：study→hurry→词尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节动词，要双写辅音字母，再加-edstop→plan→studied→studied;hurried→hurried;stopped→stopped;planned→planned过去分词变化规则：3.4.1.Writetheformsofpastparticiple:(过去分词）work______stay_____phone_____carry______reply______plan______fix______allow____shop______wait______pass_____study____workedcarriedplannedfixedstudiedstayedphonedrepliedallowedshoppedwaitedpassed不规则动词的过去分词见课本（八下或九年级课本最后一页）。不规则的动词cut____have______come______go______cutcuthadhadcamecomewentgoneAAAABBABAABC123456789101112现在完成时的主要用法（１）Ihavealreadylostthekey.Ihaven’treadthatbookyet.表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的____或_____。影响结果(我现在没有钥匙)(不了解书的内容)1.经常与哪些时间状语连用？already,yet,just,never,ever,before...注意：just和justnow的区别IhavelearntEnglishformorethantenyears.(从10年前开始,持续到现在还在学)Shehasswumsinceanhourago.(一个小时前已经开始游泳,到现在还在游)现在完成时的主要用法（２）2.表示____已经开始,持续到______________.常与since和for连用。过去的时间点一段时间过去现在的动作或状态since+for+还可以与inthepast/lastfew一段时间thesedays,sofar...用since和for填空1._________twoyears2._________twoyearsago3._________lastmonth4._________19995._________yesterday6._________4o’clock7._________4hours8._________anhourago9._________twominutes10.________sheleftheresinceforforsincesincesincesincesinceforsince注2):对for或since引导的时间状语提问必须用howlong,决不能用when.Eg.Ihavelivedherefor10years.Howlonghaveyoulivedhere?Shehasstoodheresince2hourago.Howlonghasshestoodhere?就划线部分提问1.我买了这块手表五年了。Ihaveboughtthiswatchforfiveyears.Ihavehadthiswatchforfiveyears/since5yearsago.2.这位老人去世十年了。Theoldmanhasdiedfortenyears.Theoldmanhasbeendeadfortenyears/since10yearsago.3.他已经结婚十年了。Hehasmarriedfortenyears.Hehasbeenmarriedfortenyears.瞬间动词与时间段的关系哪个正确？Why?TTTDiscussleave--start/begin--buy--borrow--finish--join--die--close--open--marry--beaway(from)havekeepbeoverbeinbeonbedeadbeclosedbeopenbemarried瞬间动词在肯定句、疑问句中不能与时间段连用，为了表述这种意思,我们常用相应的延续性动词来代替瞬间动词。●但在否定句中，瞬间动词可以与时间段连用。如：Ihaven’tboughtthebikeforayear.我买这辆自行车还不到一年。Shehasn’tcomehereforanhour.她来这儿还没有一个小时。上一页下一页主菜单1.Hisfather______thePartysince1985.Ａ.joinedＢ.hasjoinedＣ.wasinＤ.hasbeenin2.I____thebooksfortwoweeks?Ａ.havekeptＢ.hadkeptＣ.borrowedＤ.haveborrowedDA学会了吗？1.他去过北京。2.他已去北京了。3.他在北京待2天了。1.HehasbeentoBeijing.2.HehasgonetoBeijing.3.HehasbeeninBeijingfortwodays.1.havebeento表“曾到过某地”，说话时此人不在那，已回来。2.havegoneto表“已去某地了”，说话时此人可能在路上或已到那里，总之不在这里。3.havebeenin表“在某地待了多久。”have/hasbeento与have/hasgonetohave/hasbeenin的用法比较可以与once（一次），twice（两次），severaltimes（几次）等表示重复次数的词语连用。eg:IhavebeentoBeijingthreetimes.用Have/hasbeento,have/hasgoneto,have/hasbeenin填空1.Mikeandhisparents__________Shanghaifortwoyears.2.Mumisnotathomenow.she_________theshop.3.______youever_____toKunming?Never.4.He_______hereforseveraldays.havebeeninhasgonetoHavebeenhasbeen现在完成时与一般过去时的区别现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在产生的影响或结果，强调的是现在的情况。所以它不能和表示过去时间状语连用；而一般过去时只单纯表示过去的动作或状态，和现在不发生关系，可以和表示过去的时间状语用。He_________inBeijingsince1999.自1999年以来他一直住在北京。He_______inBejingin1999.在1999年的时候他在北京住过。haslivedlivedyesterday(昨天),thedaybeforeyesterday(前天),justnow(刚才)，twodays(时间段）+ago,last+时间等;一般过去时常与哪些时间状语连用？Discuss1.A:_____you________(clean)theroom?B:Yes,we__________(do)thatalready.A:When_______you______(do)it?B:We_______(do)itanhourago.2.A:______he______(see)thisfilmyet?B:Yes.A:When_____he_____(see)it?B:He______itlastweek.HavecleanedhavedonediddodidHasseendidseesaw下一页上一页学以致用：用现在完成时谈一下三年来学习英语的收获。（从听、说、读、写）方面写。用第一人称写一篇小作文，A层不少于30词。B层不少于40词。Successisgiventosomepeoplewhohavepreparedforit!成功是留给有准备的人。Homework:A:画个现在完成时的思维导图B:A层的同学把课堂上的小作文整理一下写到作文本上。B层的同学按课堂要求写个不少于80词的作文。Thanksforlistening!1.MrGreenhasworkedhere______hecametoChina.2.Hisgrandparentshavebeendead______severalyears.3._____you_____(find)yourwatchyet?4.Hedied10yearsago.(同义句）He____________for10years/since10yearsago.5.Ihavebeenawayfromhometownsince10yearsago.(同义句）Ihavebeenawayfromhometown___________..fortenyearshasbeendeadHavefoundforsince我已经住在抚松10年了。K:IhavelivedinFusongfor10years否/一/答/划/同A:Ihaven’tlivedinFusongfor10years.HaveyoulivedinFusongfor10yearsYes,Ihave./No,Ihaven’t.HowlonghaveyoulivedinFusong.IhavelivedinFusongsince10yearsago.选用for和since填空:1.Wehaven’tseeneachother______alongtime.2.HisfatherhasbeenintheParty______10yearsago.3.Thefilmhasbeenon______20m